CN-121971866-A - Ultrasonic powder drying equipment and method

CN121971866ACN 121971866 ACN121971866 ACN 121971866ACN-121971866-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of material drying, in particular to ultrasonic powder drying equipment and method, the device mainly comprises a bracket, an air supply system, a hot air heating system, a high-pressure storage tank, an ultrasonic powder drying tank, a waste heat recovery system and a cyclone dust removal system. The ultrasonic powder drying tank is characterized in that an ultrasonic atomizer at the top of the ultrasonic powder drying tank is integrated with an ultrasonic atomizing sheet and a volute type gas channel, liquid raw materials can be atomized in the ultrasonic powder drying tank and uniformly mixed with rotational flow hot air to realize efficient drying, and meanwhile, the waste heat recovery system is connected between the high-pressure storage tank and the ultrasonic powder drying tank and preheats the liquid raw materials by utilizing waste heat of waste gas led out from the cyclone dust removal system. The invention effectively reduces the energy consumption, avoids the activity loss of the heat-sensitive material, and the obtained powder has uniform particle size and good fluidity, and is particularly suitable for the drying preparation of high-value-added products such as high-end nano materials, new energy materials, medicines and the like.

Inventors

KONG LINGBO
ZHANG JIFENG
YANG XING

Assignees

陕西科技大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260225

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an ultrasonic wave powder drying equipment, includes high-pressure storage tank and hot air heating system, the high-pressure storage tank is used for storing liquid raw materials, is provided with the raw materials delivery outlet on it, hot air heating system is used for being hot-blast with fresh wind heating after purifying, its characterized in that still includes: The atomization drying system comprises an ultrasonic powder drying tank and an ultrasonic atomizer arranged on the ultrasonic powder drying tank, wherein the ultrasonic powder drying tank is provided with a hot air inlet and an air outlet, the hot air inlet of the ultrasonic powder drying tank is communicated with the output end of the hot air heating system and is used for inputting hot air into the ultrasonic powder drying tank; The waste heat recovery system comprises a preheating cover and a heat exchanger arranged in the preheating cover, wherein the heat exchanger is provided with a cold material inlet and a hot material outlet, the cold material inlet is communicated with a raw material output port of the high-pressure storage tank, the hot material outlet is communicated with a feed inlet of the ultrasonic atomizer, the preheating cover is provided with a hot air inlet and a waste gas outlet, and the hot air inlet is communicated with an air outlet of the ultrasonic powder drying tank.
2. The ultrasonic powder drying equipment according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic powder drying tank comprises a conical tank body and a cylindrical tank body, the conical tank body is fixed at the lower end of the cylindrical tank body, the conical tank body and the cylindrical tank body are integrally formed, the conical tank body and the cylindrical tank body are of a double-layer shell structure consisting of a drying tank outer shell and a drying tank inner shell, a heat insulation layer is arranged between the drying tank outer shell and the drying tank inner shell, a circular drying air outlet is formed in the side wall of the conical tank body and is used for being communicated with a hot air inlet on the preheating cover through a cyclone dust removal system, a discharge hole is formed in the center of the conical bottom of the conical tank body, the top of the conical tank body is communicated with the cylindrical tank body and is fixed in a sealing mode, and the ultrasonic atomizer is arranged at the top of the cylindrical tank body.
3. The ultrasonic powder drying equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that the ultrasonic atomizer comprises a lower end cover and an upper end cover which can be combined, the lower end cover and the upper end cover are respectively provided with a liquid flow space in one-to-one correspondence, the liquid flow space of the upper end cover is annular, the liquid flow space of the lower end cover is concave conical, the two liquid flow spaces are communicated, a plurality of ultrasonic atomization sheets are arranged in through holes, communicated with each other, of the lower end cover, positioned at the bottom of the liquid flow space, of the ultrasonic powder drying tank, a volute gas flow space and a diversion tail cone are arranged on the upper end cover, through holes matched with the diversion tail cone are formed in the lower end cover, the diversion tail cone is inserted into the through holes, a conical gas flow channel is formed between the diversion tail cone and the hole wall of the through holes, one end of the gas flow space is communicated with the output end of the hot air heating system, and the other end of the gas flow space is communicated with the conical gas flow channel, so that hot air can be input into the ultrasonic powder drying tank.
4. The ultrasonic powder drying device according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger comprises a waste heat exchange part, a heat exchanger grating and a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the heat exchanger gratings are arranged in the waste heat exchange part at intervals, the heat exchanger gratings form a serpentine heat exchange flow passage in the preheating cover, the hot air inlet, the heat exchange flow passage and the waste gas outlet are sequentially communicated to form a hot air passage, the cold material inlet, the heat exchange tubes and the hot material outlet form a raw material passage with a multichannel structure, and the heat exchange tubes are inserted on the heat exchanger gratings.
5. The ultrasonic powder drying equipment according to claim 1, wherein the hot air heating system comprises a fresh air inlet pipe, a first-stage heating pipe, a second-stage heating pipe, a hot air outlet pipe and a flow guide pipe which are sequentially connected, wherein the fresh air inlet pipe and the hot air outlet pipe are of trapezoid reducing pipe structures, the narrow opening end of the fresh air inlet pipe is communicated with the output end of the air supply system, the wide opening end of the fresh air inlet pipe is communicated with the first-stage heating pipe, the narrow opening end of the hot air outlet pipe is communicated with one end of the flow guide pipe through a rectangular ventilation pipe, the wide opening end of the hot air outlet pipe is communicated with the second-stage heating pipe, and the other end of the flow guide pipe is communicated with the ultrasonic powder drying tank.
6. The ultrasonic powder drying device according to claim 5, wherein the primary heating tube and the secondary heating tube have the same structure and comprise a heating tube inner tube, a heating tube heat-insulating layer and a heating tube outer shell which are sleeved in sequence, and further comprise a hot air heater, wherein the hot air heater is arranged between the heating tube inner tube and the heating tube heat-insulating layer and consists of a plurality of electric heating fins, and the electric heating fins are symmetrically fixed on two opposite sides of the heating tube inner tube through heater mounting plates.
7. The ultrasonic powder drying apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the flow guide pipe is an S-shaped rectangular ventilation pipe, one end of the flow guide pipe is a trapezoidal tapered opening and is connected with the rectangular ventilation pipe, and the other end of the flow guide pipe is used for communicating with the ultrasonic powder drying tank.
8. The ultrasonic powder drying apparatus of claim 5, wherein the fresh air inlet duct of the hot air heating system is connected with an air supply system, the air supply system comprising: the servo motor is arranged on the bracket; the air feeder is arranged at one side of the servo motor and is provided with an air inlet, an impeller and an air outlet, and the air outlet is communicated with the narrow opening end of the fresh air inlet pipe; the transmission assembly comprises two belt pulleys and a belt connected with the two belt pulleys, one belt pulley is sleeved and fixed on a main shaft of the servo motor, and the other belt pulley is connected with an impeller of the air blower through a transmission rotating shaft.
9. A method of ultrasonic powder drying, realized by an ultrasonic powder drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of: Starting a hot air heating system, inputting hot air generated by the hot air heating system into a hot air inlet of the ultrasonic powder drying tank, realizing that the hot air flows in the ultrasonic powder drying tank, and preheating the ultrasonic powder drying tank; after the hot air heating system operates for a preset time, conveying the liquid raw material from a raw material output port of the high-pressure storage tank to a cold material inlet of a heat exchanger of the waste heat recovery system; Waste heat of waste gas in the ultrasonic powder drying tank is led out into a preheating cover through an air outlet, liquid raw materials are preheated through a heat exchanger, and the preheated liquid raw materials are output from a hot material outlet of the heat exchanger; inputting the preheated liquid raw material into a feed inlet of an ultrasonic atomizer, atomizing the liquid raw material through the ultrasonic atomizer, and inputting atomized liquid drops into an ultrasonic powder drying tank through a discharge outlet; The atomized liquid drops are mixed and contacted with hot air in an ultrasonic powder drying tank to realize drying, the dried powder is discharged from a discharge hole, and waste gas in the drying process is continuously led out from an air outlet to a waste heat recovery system.
10. A method of ultrasonic powder drying according to claim 9, wherein, The atomization frequency of the ultrasonic atomizer is controlled within the range of 20 kHz-2.4 MHz, so that the particle size distribution of atomized liquid drops is realized between 10 mu m and 50 mu m.

Description

Ultrasonic powder drying equipment and method Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of material drying, and particularly relates to ultrasonic powder drying equipment and method. Background Powder drying is a key process link in industries such as chemical industry, pharmacy, food, ceramics, new energy materials and the like, and particularly has extremely high requirements on temperature control, energy consumption efficiency and product quality in the drying process in the production of nano materials, medical intermediates and high-added-value fine chemicals, and becomes a key technology for realizing liquid powder conversion and improving product stability and processability. The traditional hot air drying and vacuum drying technologies have the problems of low heat efficiency, high energy consumption, easiness in causing denaturation and uneven drying of heat-sensitive materials and the like. The ultrasonic atomization drying technology is used as an innovative solution, and high-efficiency drying of materials is realized through high-frequency vibration. The core of the ultrasonic atomization drying technology is that a piezoelectric transducer is utilized to generate high-frequency vibration (the frequency is 20 kHz-2.4 MHz), and the vibration is transmitted to liquid or slurry materials through an amplitude transformer, so that capillary waves are generated on the surface of the liquid or slurry materials and atomized into micron-sized liquid drops. Meanwhile, the ultrasonic energy generates cavitation effect in the material, so that the binding force between the moisture and the material is destroyed, and the drying efficiency is obviously improved. Although the existing ultrasonic atomization drying technology can remarkably improve the drying efficiency, in the drying process, the upper limit of the temperature of hot air is often set to be very large by the traditional atomization equipment in order to improve the drying efficiency, so that the temperature of the liquid raw material and the hot air often have a large temperature difference, and especially the instant temperature difference of the atomized liquid raw material contacted with the hot air is larger. Therefore, the molecular structure of part of heat-sensitive materials in the liquid raw materials is easily damaged by the influence of high temperature, so that the activity and quality of the final product are affected, but if the temperature of hot air is reduced, the drying efficiency improvement requirement is difficult to meet. For example, chinese patent CN202322928325.3 discloses a spray drying apparatus, the structure of which mainly includes a tank, an ultrasonic wave generating device, a powder transmitting device, and a vibration heating device integrated on a transmission path. The device is innovative in that an ultrasonic transmitting end and a reflecting end are arranged on the inner wall of the tank body, wherein the transmitting end is directly connected to the output end of the amplitude transformer of the ultrasonic generating device, so that a high-intensity and uniform ultrasonic field can be generated, and the uniform effect on materials is realized. The material outlet at the bottom of the tank body is connected with the inlet of the powder conveying device, and the conveying device is also provided with a vibration heating device which can synchronously apply vibration and heating in the conveying process, so that powder blockage or adhesion is effectively prevented. The apparatus is particularly suitable for the preparation of polycarboxylic acid powder products. In practical application, the method can obviously reduce the common powder agglomeration and tank wall adhesion phenomena in the drying process, thereby improving the continuity and the yield of the production process. However, the novel spray drying device mentioned in the above technical scheme, although the ultrasonic wave field is generated in the tank body by means of the cooperation of the ultrasonic wave transmitting end and the reflecting end additionally arranged on the inner wall of the tank body, so that the dry powder is suspended in the space of the tank body, and the phenomena of powder agglomeration, wall hanging and the like are reduced, the traditional liquid raw material atomization mode is still adopted, the improvement of the drying efficiency still depends on the direct contact of the atomized raw material with the high-temperature airflow and the vibration heating device, the transient temperature difference is overlarge, the energy consumption is increased, and the heat-sensitive material denaturation is easily caused. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide ultrasonic powder drying equipment and method, which can solve the problems of heat-sensitive material denaturation and activity loss caused by overlarge instantaneous temperature differenc