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CN-121971881-A - Method for extracting active substances from fructus momordicae by eutectic solvent

CN121971881ACN 121971881 ACN121971881 ACN 121971881ACN-121971881-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of natural product extraction, and particularly discloses a method for extracting active substances in Momordica grosvenori by using a eutectic solvent. The system comprises a composite solvent constructed by three groups of specific eutectic solvents of levulinic acid and glycerol, choline chloride and levulinic acid, choline chloride and citric acid, and the preparation method comprises the steps of mixing three preferred eutectic solvents according to an equal volume, adjusting water content, and extracting active substances in fructus momordicae by ultrasonic assistance, wherein the water content, the feed-liquid ratio, the extraction times, the extraction temperature and the extraction time key parameters of an extraction process are initially optimized through a single factor experiment, and a response surface method or a machine learning algorithm is further optimized. The compound solvent system can be used for synchronously extracting the active ingredients of the stevioside V, the flavone and the polysaccharide in the fructus momordicae, and in addition, the preparation method optimizes key process parameters through machine learning and has the advantages of high extraction efficiency, good process stability and environmental friendliness.

Inventors

  • JIN ZHENJIANG
  • YANG CHENGXI
  • CHEN WEIJIAN
  • LIANG HEYAO

Assignees

  • 桂林理工大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20251120

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A method for extracting active substances from fructus momordicae by using a eutectic solvent is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, screening and optimizing the eutectic solvents, namely determining three eutectic solvents with optimal extraction rates of the stevioside V, flavone and polysaccharide, which are respectively matched with the eutectic solvents, as a first eutectic solvent, a second eutectic solvent and a third eutectic solvent, and respectively optimizing the molar ratio of the three eutectic solvents; S2, preparing a mixed eutectic solvent, namely mixing the first eutectic solvent, the second eutectic solvent and the third eutectic solvent which are optimized in the step S1 according to the equal volume ratio, and regulating the water content of the mixed solvent to be 30-32% to prepare the mixed eutectic solvent; s3, preprocessing raw materials, namely cleaning dried momordica grosvenori fruits to remove surface impurities, drying at 40-60 ℃ for 2-6 hours, crushing, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, and storing in a sealed tank for later use; S4, ultrasonic assisted extraction, namely mixing the Siraitia grosvenorii powder obtained in the step S3 with the mixed eutectic solvent obtained in the step S2 according to a feed-liquid ratio of 1:15g/mL to 1:25g/mL, and extracting for 2-4 times under the conditions of ultrasonic power 180W and extraction temperature 50-70 ℃ for 15-35 minutes each time; the water content in the step S2, the feed liquid ratio in the step S4 and the extraction times are process parameters determined through machine learning model optimization.
  2. 2. The method for extracting active substances from Siraitia grosvenorii with a eutectic solvent according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the first eutectic solvent consists of levulinic acid serving as a hydrogen bond acceptor and glycerol serving as a hydrogen bond donor, and the molar ratio of the levulinic acid to the glycerol is 1:2 to 1:4.
  3. 3. The method for extracting active substances from Siraitia grosvenorii with a eutectic solvent according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the second eutectic solvent consists of hydrogen bond acceptor choline chloride and hydrogen bond donor levulinic acid, and the molar ratio of choline chloride to levulinic acid is 1:3 to 1:5.
  4. 4. The method for extracting active substances from Siraitia grosvenorii with the eutectic solvent according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the third eutectic solvent consists of hydrogen bond acceptor choline chloride and hydrogen bond donor citric acid, and the molar ratio of choline chloride to citric acid is 1:1 to 1:2.
  5. 5. The method for extracting active substances from Siraitia grosvenorii with the eutectic solvent according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the molar ratio of levulinic acid to glycerol in the first eutectic solvent is 1:3, the molar ratio of choline chloride to levulinic acid in the second eutectic solvent is 1:4, and the molar ratio of choline chloride to citric acid in the third eutectic solvent is 1:1.
  6. 6. The method for extracting active substances from Siraitia grosvenorii according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the first, second and third eutectic solvents are stirred at a rate of 300-500r/min for 30-60 min at 70-90 ℃ to obtain the active substances.
  7. 7. The method for extracting active substances from Siraitia grosvenorii with eutectic solvents according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the extraction times are 3 times, and the feed-liquid ratio is 1:20g/mL.
  8. 8. The method for extracting active substances from Siraitia grosvenorii with the eutectic solvent according to claim 1, wherein the optimization process of the process parameters sequentially comprises determining a key influence factor range through a single factor experiment, screening key influence factors through bivariate correlation analysis, and further optimizing the process parameters through a response surface method or a machine learning model.
  9. 9. The method for extracting active substances from Siraitia grosvenorii with eutectic solvents according to claim 1, wherein the machine learning model comprises artificial neural network, decision tree and XGBoost model.
  10. 10. The method for extracting active substances from Siraitia grosvenorii with the eutectic solvent according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the specific process of determining three eutectic solvents with optimal extraction yields of the stevioside V, the flavone and the polysaccharide respectively comprises the step of screening from 17 eutectic solvents formed by combining different hydrogen bond acceptors and hydrogen bond donors.

Description

Method for extracting active substances from fructus momordicae by eutectic solvent Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of natural product extraction, in particular to a method for extracting active substances in Momordica grosvenori by using a eutectic solvent. Background Fructus Siraitiae Grosvenorii belongs to perennial vine of Cucurbitaceae, and is a traditional medicinal and edible resource. Modern researches show that the low-calorie and high-sweetness characteristics of the sweet potato powder can be widely applied to the development of functional foods, beverages and natural sweeteners, and the core bioactive components are mogroside, polysaccharide and flavonoid compounds. The mogroside V is a main sweet source, does not raise blood sugar, is approved as a food additive by the food code committee, has biological activities of resisting oxidation, reducing blood sugar and the like, and can remove free radicals, resist inflammation and protect cardiovascular diseases, and is a potential nutritional intervention candidate substance. Although there have been many studies on the extraction process of the above active ingredients, there are still significant bottlenecks in terms of extraction efficiency, ingredient selectivity and process sustainability. The traditional extraction of the mogroside V mainly adopts hot water or ethanol solution as a solvent, long-time high-temperature treatment is needed, active ingredients are easy to degrade, the problems of high solvent consumption, high residual risk and high production cost exist, the extraction of flavonoid compounds also depends on ethanol or an organic solvent, the hydrolysis or oxidation of the flavonoid glycoside is easy to occur due to the high temperature and strong polar solvent, the extraction yield is further limited due to insufficient breaking of plant cell walls, the polysaccharide extraction is mainly realized by ethanol precipitation after long-time hot water extraction, the process energy consumption is high, the labor intensity is high, and partial processes need to be treated by acid/alkali, so that the molecular weight of the polysaccharide is reduced, the conformation is changed and the biological activity is lost. In summary, the traditional extraction method has the defects of high energy consumption, excessive solvent use, easy damage of active ingredients, obvious impurity co-extraction, no compliance with the green production requirement and the like, restricts the large-scale application of the momordica grosvenori in the fields of functional foods and health care products, and needs to develop a high-efficiency, low-temperature and environment-friendly multi-active-ingredient synchronous extraction technology. In order to solve the technical limitation, a green efficient sustainable solvent system is developed into a research hotspot, and a eutectic solvent (DESs) is taken as a novel green solvent and has become a research front in the field of natural product extraction. Eutectic solvents are typically formed by mixing inexpensive, low-toxic, renewable hydrogen bond acceptors (e.g., choline salts) with hydrogen bond donors (e.g., organic acids, alcohols, sugars) in specific molar ratios, with melting points significantly lower than the individual components. Compared with ionic liquid, the eutectic solvent has simpler synthesis process, lower cost and biodegradability, and can accurately regulate and control physical and chemical properties such as polarity, pH value, viscosity and the like by regulating the types and the proportion of hydrogen bond acceptors and donors, so that the eutectic solvent is called as a 'design solvent', and can realize high-selectivity dissolution and extraction of natural products with different polarities and molecular sizes. Recent researches prove that the eutectic solvent can be used for extracting various plant active ingredients such as flavonoid compounds, triterpenoid saponins, polyphenols, polysaccharides and the like, the unique hydrogen bond network can realize efficient extraction under mild conditions, and is particularly beneficial to protecting thermally unstable ingredients, for example, the acidic eutectic solvent prepared from choline chloride and organic acid can enhance the hydrogen bond action with phenolic hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups and remarkably improve the solubility of the flavones, the polyhydroxy eutectic solvent can break the cell wall hydrogen bond network to promote the release of the polysaccharides, and the alcohol-based eutectic solvent can provide a favorable dissolution environment for the hydrophobic triterpenoid aglycone. However, the higher viscosity of the eutectic solvent limits the mass transfer diffusion rate, which is a major bottleneck in practical applications. Therefore, the strategy of combining Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) with a eutectic solvent system has the advantage that cavitation effect generated b