CN-121971882-A - Low-pressure low-temperature extraction and separation device for thermosensitive bioactive substances

CN121971882ACN 121971882 ACN121971882 ACN 121971882ACN-121971882-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-pressure low-temperature extraction and separation device for heat-sensitive bioactive substances, wherein an extraction bin is fixedly arranged at the bottom of a tank body, an interlayer cavity is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the tank body, a spiral cooling pipe is arranged in the interlayer cavity, two ends of a refrigerating unit are connected with two ends of the interlayer cavity in a communicating way through a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe, two split type transmission mechanisms are respectively arranged at the upper end position and the lower end position of a stirring rod, cleaning gears are rotatably arranged at the top and the bottom of the tank body, and the split type transmission mechanisms are meshed with or separated from the cleaning gears according to the temperature change in the tank body. According to the invention, through the combination of an external spiral cooling pipe, low-temperature refrigeration and internal stirring, the core temperature of the material is ensured to be always maintained at a set low temperature, the activity of thermosensitive components is effectively protected, the efficient dynamic extraction can be realized, meanwhile, the cleaning function is realized, the waste is avoided, the extraction and the primary separation are continuously carried out in the same closed system, the material transfer step and pollution risk are reduced, and the process continuity is strong.

Inventors

CAO XIAOXIA
YU XIN
GONG YANCHAO
WANG CHAOCHEN
KANG MINGYAN

Assignees

天津渤海职业技术学院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260211

Claims (10)

1. The low-pressure low-temperature extraction and separation device for the thermosensitive bioactive substances comprises a tank body and is characterized by further comprising an extraction bin, a refrigerating unit, a scraping plate, a stirring rod and two split-type transmission mechanisms; The extraction bin is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the tank body and is used for receiving liquid discharged by the tank body and carrying out ultrasonic low-temperature low-pressure enzymolysis extraction on the liquid; The top of the tank body is provided with a steam outlet, an interlayer cavity is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall of the tank body, a spiral cooling pipe is arranged in the interlayer cavity, two ends of the spiral cooling pipe are respectively connected with the steam outlet and the extraction bin in a communicating way, and two ends of the refrigerating unit are connected with two ends of the interlayer cavity in a communicating way through a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe; the stirring rod is rotatably arranged in the tank body, a motor is fixedly arranged at the top of the tank body, a first vacuum pump is arranged on one side of the tank body, the motor is used for driving the stirring rod to rotate, two split type transmission mechanisms are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the stirring rod, and cleaning gears are rotatably arranged at the top and the bottom in the tank body; Limiting guide rail rings are fixedly arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inner wall of the tank body, an outer tooth ring is rotatably arranged on the inner ring of each limiting guide rail, and the outer sides of the outer tooth ring are meshed with cleaning gears at corresponding positions; the upper end and the lower end of the scraping plate are respectively fixedly connected with the two external tooth ring rings, and one side of the scraping plate is attached to the inner wall of the tank body; The split type transmission mechanism is meshed with or separated from the cleaning gear according to the temperature change in the tank body.
2. The low-pressure low-temperature extraction and separation device for heat-sensitive bioactive substances, as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that a mixing chamber and a liquid discharge chamber are respectively arranged in the extraction bin from top to bottom, a filter is arranged at the bottom of the liquid discharge chamber in a communicating manner, an ultrasonic generator is fixedly arranged at the top of the liquid discharge chamber, the top of the mixing chamber is communicated and connected with the tank body through a first electromagnetic valve, the bottom of the mixing chamber is communicated and connected with the exhaust chamber through a second electromagnetic valve, and a quantitative enzyme agent extrusion device and a second vacuum pump are respectively arranged at two sides of the mixing chamber.
3. The low-pressure low-temperature extraction and separation device for heat-sensitive bioactive substances according to claim 1, wherein a feed inlet is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the tank body, the stirring rod is positioned below the feed inlet, a driven gear is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the stirring rod, an output shaft of the motor is inserted into the tank body, a driving gear is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the output shaft of the motor, and the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear.
4. The low-pressure low-temperature extraction and separation device for heat-sensitive bioactive substances according to claim 1, wherein an umbrella-shaped condensation baffle is sleeved at the upper end of the stirring rod, two ends of the condensation baffle are fixedly arranged at the lower part of the inner top of the tank body through a supporting shaft, and a mechanical sealing element is arranged at the contact part of the condensation baffle and the stirring rod.
5. The low-pressure low-temperature extraction and separation device for the heat-sensitive bioactive substances, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that the split type transmission mechanism comprises a lifting gear sleeve and a memory alloy spring, sliding cavities are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the stirring rod, sliding grooves penetrating through the outer part of the stirring rod are formed in two sides of the sliding cavities, the lifting gear sleeve is sleeved on the surface of the stirring rod, sliding blocks are arranged in the sliding cavities in a sliding manner, two ends of each sliding block are fixedly connected with the inner ring of the lifting gear sleeve, sealing plates are fixedly arranged at the upper end and the lower end of each sliding block, the sealing plates are used for sealing the corresponding sliding grooves, the memory alloy spring is arranged in the sliding cavities, and is in elastic contact with the sliding blocks, and when the memory alloy spring is heated to be in an extension state, the lifting gear sleeve is pushed to be meshed with the corresponding cleaning gear.
6. The low-pressure low-temperature extraction and separation device for heat-sensitive bioactive substances of claim 5, wherein the limiting guide ring is internally provided with a limiting groove, the outer side of the outer tooth ring is fixedly provided with a protruding limiting ring, and the protruding limiting ring is movably clamped with the limiting groove.
7. The low-pressure and low-temperature extraction and separation device for heat-sensitive bioactive substances of claim 6, wherein a plurality of carrier rollers are rotatably mounted at the bottom of the inner ring of the limit guide rail ring, and the carrier rollers are in rolling contact with the bottom of the outer ring.
8. The low-pressure low-temperature extraction and separation device for the heat-sensitive bioactive substances, which is characterized in that the quantitative enzyme agent extrusion device comprises a liquid storage tube, a thread seat, a piston disc and a quantitative push rod, wherein a thread sleeve is fixedly arranged on the inner side wall of the mixing cavity, threads are arranged on the inner wall of the thread sleeve, the liquid storage tube is positioned inside the thread sleeve and is in threaded fit connection with the thread sleeve, the outer end part of the liquid storage tube is in an opening shape, the thread seat is in threaded fit connection with the opening end of the liquid storage tube, a piston is arranged inside the liquid storage tube, the quantitative push rod is inserted into the liquid storage tube from the outside of the thread seat and is fixedly connected with the piston, and an enzyme agent extrusion hole is formed in the inner end part of the liquid storage tube.
9. The low-pressure and low-temperature extraction and separation device for heat-sensitive bioactive substances according to claim 8, wherein a sealing ring is arranged at the contact part of the thread seat and the outer wall of the extraction bin.
10. The low-pressure low-temperature extraction and separation device for heat-sensitive bioactive substances according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of oscillating plates are uniformly and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the mixing cavity, and through holes are formed at the bottom of the oscillating plates.

Description

Low-pressure low-temperature extraction and separation device for thermosensitive bioactive substances Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of biological extraction, in particular to a low-pressure low-temperature extraction and separation device for thermosensitive bioactive substances. Background The biological activity of heat-sensitive bioactive substances such as certain proteins, enzymes, polypeptides, plant essential oils, vitamins and partial high-value natural products is extremely easy to be destroyed at high temperature and denatured, inactivated or degraded, so that in the extraction and separation process, maintaining a continuous low-temperature environment is a key for guaranteeing the activity and yield of the products, and the existing low-temperature extraction and separation technology, although relieving the heat damage problem to a certain extent, has significant defects in the aspects of efficiency, continuity, equipment adaptability and maintenance convenience, and mainly comprises the following steps: In the prior art, such as a normal pressure low temperature leaching method, although the extraction efficiency is extremely low, the time consumption is long, the solvent consumption is high, the subsequent separation concentration step is difficult to avoid temperature rise, the boiling point is reduced by reducing the system pressure by the traditional reduced pressure distillation or rotary evaporation technology, but in order to maintain enough evaporation and mass transfer rate, the material still needs to be heated to be more than 40 ℃, and the risk still exists for extremely thermosensitive substances. While supercritical fluid extraction techniques (e.g., supercritical CO 2) can operate at low temperatures, they are extremely expensive in equipment, operate at extremely high pressures, have limited applicability to polar substances, and are difficult to popularize. The ideal extraction process should achieve continuous and efficient contact of the solvent with the material, and some improved devices introduce a vaporization-condensation reflux cycle of the solvent under reduced pressure to enhance mass transfer. However, such devices often lack precise control over the temperature and state of the refluxing solvent, and there may be a temperature difference between the refluxing liquid and the main material, affecting the uniformity of the low temperature environment, and meanwhile, mass transfer power in the circulation process mainly depends on natural convection or simple stirring, and for viscous or solid materials with high content, insufficient mixing is easy to cause extraction dead angles, and efficiency improvement is limited. When the biological raw materials rich in polysaccharide, colloid or lipid are treated, the materials are very easy to form sticky wall built-up or scale formation on the inner wall of the tank body, the stirring shaft and the heat exchange surface in the extraction process, so that the effective heat transfer area is reduced, the local temperature is out of control, the serious waste of the materials is caused, and the yield is reduced. More critical, the existing device generally lacks online and automatic cleaning functions, in the production process, once serious wall hanging occurs, production is often required to be interrupted, time-consuming and labor-consuming manual disassembly and cleaning are often carried out, the continuity and efficiency of production are seriously affected, the labor intensity and the risk of cross contamination are increased, although equipment is designed to be a fixed scraping plate or brush, the structure of the device is usually rigidly connected with a stirrer and always contacts with the wall surface, on one hand, driving load and abrasion are increased, and on the other hand, unnecessary shearing and interference are caused to materials at the stage (such as the initial extraction stage) in which cleaning is not required. In view of the foregoing, there is a need for an innovative extraction and separation device, which not only can realize stable and uniform low-temperature control and efficient dynamic circulation extraction in the whole process, but also can fundamentally solve the industrial problem of viscous material wall hanging, and has the capability of intelligent and low-cost online self-cleaning, so that the extraction efficiency, the material utilization rate and the continuous running time of equipment are obviously improved while the activity of heat-sensitive substances is protected, and the maintenance cost is reduced. The invention aims to overcome the comprehensive technical defects. Disclosure of Invention (One) solving the technical problems The invention provides a low-pressure low-temperature extraction and separation device for heat-sensitive bioactive substances, and aims to solve the problems in the background technology. (II) technical scheme In order to a