CN-121971935-A - Three-dimensional spiral pipe jet tower plate

CN121971935ACN 121971935 ACN121971935 ACN 121971935ACN-121971935-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical equipment, in particular to a three-dimensional spiral pipe jet tray for a chemical process, which aims to improve the gas-liquid two-phase contact and mass transfer efficiency and is suitable for various chemical unit operations such as rectification, absorption, desorption and the like. The column plate comprises a tray main body, a high-neck negative pressure pipe, a spiral jet flow passage, an overflow plate and a conical head, wherein the tray main body provides a supporting and contact space, the high-neck negative pressure pipe guides airflow to flow, the spiral jet flow passage strengthens gas-liquid mixing through rotational flow and jet effect, the overflow plate controls the height of a liquid layer, liquid short circuit is avoided, the conical head optimizes the airflow direction, and the flow dead zone is reduced. All the components work cooperatively, the gas-liquid contact and mass transfer efficiency is obviously improved, the device has the advantages of good mass transfer, strong circulation, anti-blocking, simple structure, easy manufacturing and maintenance and adaptation to different chemical processes, is suitable for the gas-liquid mass transfer process in the fields of chemical industry, environmental protection and the like, and has wide application prospect.

Inventors

WANG RUINAN
GUO XIANGLI
FENG YANWEN
TANG MENG
XI QIAN
Peng Lishui
WANG JING
WANG XIAOMIN
MIN JIA

Assignees

天津市职业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260323

Claims (9)

1. A three-dimensional spiral pipe jet tower plate is characterized by comprising a tower plate main body (1) which is composed of at least two tower plate layers which are distributed up and down and are horizontally arranged, wherein each tower plate layer is of a circular plate-shaped structure and mainly used for bearing fluid and guiding the fluid to flow orderly among the tower plate layers. The high-neck negative pressure pipe (2) is used as an assembly base of the three-dimensional spiral pipe injection unit, stably carries the injection unit with the angle-adjustable spiral pipe and the adjustable small holes, ensures the installation accuracy and operation stability of the injection unit on the tray, and is used for constructing a directional negative pressure field by depending on a high-neck structure, efficiently guiding gas-liquid fluid in the tray to directionally collect into a cylinder body of the injection unit, and improving the concentration and the circulation efficiency of the fluid entering the injection unit. The three-dimensional spiral pipe jet flow passages (3) are uniformly arranged on each high-neck negative pressure pipe. The three-dimensional spiral pipe injection unit comprises a cylindrical barrel body, wherein a conical injection head is arranged at the top of the barrel body, a plurality of small flow holes are formed in the three-dimensional spiral pipe, the number of the holes can be adjusted according to requirements of actual process load, fluid characteristics and the like, and meanwhile, the installation angle of each three-dimensional spiral pipe can be flexibly adjusted according to actual requirements of gas-liquid mixing and injection distribution. The overflow plate (4) is perpendicular to the tray layers and highly covers at least two tray layers, and is mainly used for limiting the lateral disordered diffusion of fluid on the tray layers, guiding the fluid to flow to the next tray layer, avoiding liquid short circuit, simultaneously controlling the height of the tray liquid layer, providing adaptive contact conditions for the gas-liquid intensified mixing of the high-neck negative pressure pipe and the spiral jet runner, reducing entrainment and adaptive multi-process load, and realizing high-efficiency separation and stable operation of the booster tray. The cone head (5) adopts streamline cone design, the cone angle can be set according to the spray diffusion requirement of the process, and the inner wall and the pipe body channel are smoothly transited to ensure smooth fluid circulation. The cone head receives the residual fluid rising from the spiral tube path and dispersed by the small hole part of the spiral tube, enhances the fluid jet kinetic energy through the converging effect of the cone channel to jet the fluid in a directional jet flow mode, and on the other hand, the cone-shaped diffusion surface can guide the jet fluid to form a uniform divergent flow field, form a more sufficient contact interface with the tray liquid layer and the peripheral gas liquid, and further improve the uniformity and the efficiency of gas-liquid mass transfer by matching with the dispersing effect of the spiral tube. The upper tray layer is provided with a fluid distribution area which is matched with the inlet of the cylinder body of the three-dimensional spiral pipe injection unit so that fluid can smoothly enter the cylinder body, the lower tray layer is provided with fluid flow holes which are circular and are used for communicating the fluid between the upper tray layer and the lower tray layer, and the circulation treatment of the fluid among the multiple trays is realized. The diameter of the fluid flow holes is 30-50 mm, the center distance between adjacent fluid flow holes is 100-120 mm, and the uniform distribution and the high-efficiency flow of the fluid among all layers of trays are ensured.
2. Three-dimensional spiral pipe jet deck according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the upper tray layer (1) is smaller than the diameter of the lower tray layer, the diameter difference being in the range of 150-250 mm, which design facilitates smooth flow and even distribution of fluid between deck layers. The upper tray layer is connected with the lower tray layer through a plurality of vertical overflow plates, the number of the overflow plates (4) is 1-2, the overflow plates are uniformly distributed below the edges of the tray layer, stable structural support is provided, and the stability of the tray layer and the operation stability of the whole equipment are ensured.
3. Three-dimensional spiral pipe jet tray according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical barrel of the spiral pipe jet flow channel (3) has a diameter ranging from 80 to 120 mm, which is dimensioned to effectively contain and guide the fluid. The cone angle of the cone head (5) ranges from 40 to 50 degrees, and the angle design is helpful for optimizing the fluid spraying effect. The top of the cone head is provided with a diversion tip for further optimizing the initial flow direction of the fluid injection and ensuring the uniformity and the high efficiency of the fluid injection.
4. Three-dimensional spiral pipe jet tray according to claim 1, characterized in that the pitch of the spiral jet channel (3) is in the range of 30-60 mm and the number of turns is 3-5, which is designed to efficiently guide the fluid up the spiral path. The thickness of the spiral jet flow channel is 3-4 mm, the distance between the outer edge of the spiral jet flow channel and the upper surface of the tray layer is 8-12 mm, and the structure design is beneficial to smooth flow and uniform distribution of fluid and improves the jet effect.
5. The three-dimensional spiral pipe jet tray according to claim 1, characterized in that the overflow plate (4) is welded to the tray main body (1) in such a way as to ensure the firmness and stability of the connection. The thickness range of the baffle plate is 8-12 mm, the surface of the overflow plate, which is close to one side of the three-dimensional spiral jet unit, is provided with an anti-corrosion coating, and the thickness of the coating is 0.2-0.4 mm, so that the durability of the overflow plate in a fluid environment is improved, corrosion is prevented, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.
6. The three-dimensional spiral pipe jet tray according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of integrated functional units on a single tray assembly is 6-18 groups, the center-to-center spacing of adjacent groups is 2-3 times the maximum pipe diameter of the high-neck suction pipe (2).
7. The three-dimensional spiral pipe jet tray according to claim 1, characterized in that the tray body (1) assembly comprises at least two layers of horizontally parallel arranged trays, the integrated functional units on adjacent two layers of trays being axially offset.
8. The three-dimensional spiral pipe jet tray according to claim 1, wherein after entering the high-neck negative pressure pipe (2), the fluid rises along the three-dimensional spiral pipe path with adjustable angles, part of the fluid is dispersed and guided out through small holes on the spiral pipe in the process, and the rest of the fluid is intensively ejected through the conical head (5), so that the multi-level uniform distribution of the fluid is realized through the double-ejection mode of 'dispersion and concentration', and meanwhile, the fluid jet requirements under different working conditions are adapted by means of the angle adaptability of the spiral pipe and the quantity adjustability of the small holes, and the sufficiency of gas-liquid contact and mass transfer efficiency are enhanced.
9. A three-dimensional spiral pipe jet deck comprising the three-dimensional spiral pipe jet deck of any one of claims 1-8.

Description

Three-dimensional spiral pipe jet tower plate Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of chemical separation equipment, in particular to a three-dimensional spiral pipe jet tower plate. The column plate is suitable for gas-liquid mass transfer process in chemical industry, petroleum industry, pharmaceutical industry, etc. By means of the unique structural design, the gas-liquid contact efficiency and mass transfer effect can be enhanced, and core component support is provided for efficient operation of the tower equipment. Background The tower equipment is widely applied in the production industries of chemical engineering, petrochemical industry and the like, and is mainly used for carrying out unit operations such as rectification, absorption, desorption, gas humidification, cooling and the like. Depending on the differences in the form of internals, the column equipment can generally be divided into two main categories, tray columns and packed columns. Compared with a packed tower, the plate tower has the advantages of high treatment capacity, low resistance energy consumption, excellent anti-blocking performance, low manufacturing cost and the like. The tower plate is used as the core component of the plate tower equipment and is the main place for full contact of gas (vapor) and liquid or liquid and liquid phases, and aims at realizing heat transfer and mass transfer between the two phases. The quality of the tower plate performance can directly influence the quality and performance of the product, the production value of a factory, the energy consumption and the economic benefit. Most of the existing tower plates are designed in a form with downcomers, and are only suitable for countercurrent flow on gas-liquid. The tray has lower treatment capacity due to the influence of flooding because of smaller gas-liquid flow area, is generally suitable for the rectification occasions with smaller treatment capacity, and is often poor in performance in occasions requiring larger gas-liquid flux such as desulfurization and dust removal. In recent years, researchers have focused their research on three-dimensional spiral pipe jet trays. The three-dimensional spiral pipe jet tower plate adopts a three-dimensional spiral pipe jet structure design, gas and liquid are simultaneously jetted from the rotary screen barrel, gas and liquid are mixed more fully, and the gas and liquid separation rate is higher. The device has the advantages of small operation elasticity, simple structure, large mass transfer space and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of washing, desulfurization and the like. When the traditional tower plate is used for treating high-viscosity and easily-scaled materials, the problems of insufficient gas-liquid contact, uneven fluid distribution, high blockage risk and the like generally exist. These defects can lead to reduced mass transfer efficiency and increased energy consumption, and are difficult to meet the production requirements of modern chemical engineering on high efficiency and low consumption. Thus, innovative upgrades to tray structures are an urgent need for industry development. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a three-dimensional spiral pipe jet tower plate, which achieves high-efficiency mass transfer and heat transfer of gas-liquid fluid by means of optimized structural design, solves the core problems of insufficient gas-liquid contact and unbalanced distribution of the traditional tower plate, and further improves the separation efficiency, operation elasticity and operation stability of tower equipment. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions. In a first aspect, the present invention provides a three-dimensional spiral pipe spray structure comprising the following components. 1. The tray main body (1) is used as a base platform for gas-liquid contact, and not only provides a stable supporting structure for bearing other components, but also provides a place for sufficient contact of gas and liquid phases. 2. The high-neck negative pressure pipe (2) guides the airflow to flow efficiently by applying negative pressure environment and is matched with the unique design of the spiral jet flow channel to further enhance the mixing contact and mass transfer efficiency between the gas and the liquid. 3. The spiral jet flow passage (3) is arranged on the high-neck negative pressure pipe, and the unique spiral structure design of the spiral jet flow passage enables the gas-liquid to generate rotational flow and jet effect when passing through, so that the gas-liquid mixing and mass transfer efficiency is greatly improved. The design of the spiral jet component fully considers the aerodynamic characteristics so as to realize the optimal contact and mixing of gas and liquid. 4. The overflow plate (4) guides liquid to orderly flow to the lower tray along a preset path, avoids liq