CN-121971962-A - Process and modularized device for synthesizing fuel oil by in-situ carbon conversion and neutralization of flue gas and carbon dioxide of multi-type industrial enterprises

Abstract

The invention discloses a process and a modularized device for synthesizing fuel oil by in-situ carbon conversion and neutralization of flue gas and carbon dioxide of multiple types of industrial enterprises, and belongs to the technical fields of carbon capture and utilization, carbon neutralization and new energy fuel. The invention integrates various heat-generating and carbon dioxide-producing industrial enterprises such as thermal power plants, coking plants, chemical plants and the like, newly increases the double modes of nearby wind power/photovoltaic/water power green electricity hydrogen production and direct outsourcing green hydrogen, utilizes the flue gas of enterprises, industrial water sources and surplus heat energy, and generates liquid fuel only for self-use in the enterprises through flue gas purification, carbon dioxide in-situ trapping (dual-mode switching), green electricity/industrial electricity hydrogen production or green hydrogen supply, catalytic synthesis and waste heat self-heating, thereby realizing full closed-loop carbon neutralization. The device is of a modularized skid-mounted structure, a green electricity interface and a green hydrogen interface are reserved, various enterprises and green energy scenes can be flexibly adapted, large-scale transformation is not needed, the cost is low, the compliance is strong, the carbon neutralization effect is obvious, and the device is suitable for green transformation and carbon emission reduction of industrial enterprises.

Inventors

• Request for anonymity

Assignees

• 广西钦州市华源电子有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20260403

Claims (8)

1. 1. A process for synthesizing fuel oil by in-situ carbon conversion and neutralization of flue gas and carbon dioxide of multiple types of industrial enterprises is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Flue gas collection and purification, namely collecting flue gas discharged by industrial enterprises such as thermal power plants, chemical plants, coking plants, gas plants, central heating plants and the like, and treating the flue gas into clean flue gas by utilizing the existing environmental protection facilities (dust removal, desulfurization and denitration) or simple purification devices of the enterprises; (2) In-situ carbon dioxide trapping and switching, namely, the clean flue gas is switched in a double mode through a three-way switching valve, and in the trapping mode, the clean flue gas enters a carbon dioxide absorption tower to trap high-purity carbon dioxide, and the trapped tail gas is discharged after reaching standards; (3) Hydrogen in-situ preparation or outsourcing green hydrogen supply, namely, utilizing an industrial water source matched with an industrial enterprise, combining self-contained industrial electricity, off-peak surplus electricity of the enterprise or nearby low-price green electricity such as wind power, photovoltaic, hydroelectric and the like to electrolyze water to prepare hydrogen; (4) Catalytic synthesis and carbon neutralization, namely mixing trapped carbon dioxide with prepared or outsourced hydrogen according to a hydrogen-carbon molar ratio of 2.8:1-3.2:1, introducing the mixture into a catalytic synthesis reactor, and reacting the mixture with an iron-based composite catalyst to generate liquid hydrocarbon fuel under the conditions of 220-300 ℃ and 2-4 MPa, so as to realize carbon dioxide in-situ conversion and carbon neutralization; (5) Self-heating circulation, namely recovering heat energy (boiler waste heat, coking waste heat, chemical reaction waste heat and the like) and catalytic synthesis reaction byproduct heat generated in the production process of enterprises, supplying heat for carbon dioxide capturing, electrolyzed water and catalytic synthesis processes, realizing self-heating of system heat, and continuously supplying no external heat source; (6) The self-produced self-service closed loop is that the synthesized liquid fuel is only used for the internal self-service (factory vehicles, production equipment, emergency power generation and the like) of the industrial enterprise, no external sales, filling and circulation interfaces are arranged, and the whole process realizes the in-situ utilization of resources and the carbon neutralization closed loop.
2. 2. The process of claim 1, wherein the industrial enterprise comprises any one or more of a thermal power plant, a coking plant, a coal chemical industry enterprise, a natural gasification plant, a central heating plant, a steel plant, a float glass plant, and a ceramic plant, wherein the thermal power plant is a typical application scenario and has sufficient flue gas carbon dioxide, industrial electricity, and industrial water sources, so that the full-process in-situ closed loop can be directly realized.
3. 3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the industrial enterprise can realize in-situ supply by capturing carbon dioxide (coke oven gas carbon dioxide of coking plant and carbon dioxide by-produced by chemical plant reaction) by-produced in the production process of the enterprise if the industrial enterprise only has heat energy and industrial electricity and lacks stable flue gas carbon dioxide, and can access an enterprise peripheral industrial power grid, off-peak industrial power grid or near-green power grid if the industrial enterprise only has the flue gas carbon dioxide and the heat energy and lacks the industrial electricity to complete the hydrogen production by electrolyzing water.
4. 4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the nearby green power comprises renewable energy power such as wind power, photovoltaic power, hydroelectric power, biomass power generation and the like, and the low-price green power with lower electricity price than conventional industrial power is preferentially adopted for water electrolysis hydrogen production, so that the hydrogen production cost is further reduced.
5. 5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the outsourced green hydrogen is renewable energy through nuclear evidence to produce hydrogen, and the green hydrogen is directly connected into a gas mixing unit to carry out mixed reaction with carbon dioxide, so that a step of on-site water electrolysis hydrogen production is omitted, the process flow is shortened, and the device investment is reduced.
6. 6. The process according to claim 1, wherein the three-way switching valve is controlled by electric interlocking, and the trapping mode and the bypass mode are not simultaneously opened, so that continuous production and standard emission of flue gas of enterprises are ensured.
7. 7. The process according to claim 1, wherein the purity of carbon dioxide trapped by the carbon dioxide absorption tower is not lower than 95%, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in tail gas after clean flue gas purification is not more than 3%, which meets the national industrial flue gas emission standard.
8. 8. The process of claim 1, wherein the step of producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water preferentially utilizes low-valley surplus electricity, peak shaving and power discarding of enterprises, surplus electricity of self-contained power plants or nearby low-price green electricity to realize resource utilization of surplus energy and green energy.

Description

Process and modularized device for synthesizing fuel oil by in-situ carbon conversion and neutralization of flue gas and carbon dioxide of multi-type industrial enterprises Technical Field The invention relates to the technical fields of carbon capture utilization, new energy fuel preparation, industrial waste heat utilization and carbon neutralization, in particular to a synthetic fuel oil process and a modularized device which are suitable for multiple industrial enterprises and can realize in-situ conversion of flue gas and carbon dioxide and recycling of surplus energy/green energy and finally achieve carbon neutralization. Background At present, various industrial enterprises such as thermal power plants, coking plants, chemical plants, central heating plants and the like not only discharge a large amount of carbon dioxide in the production process, so that greenhouse gases are accumulated, but also surplus power, industrial water sources and production waste heat are wasted, and the national 'double carbon' policy guidance is not met. The existing carbon dioxide oil production technology depends on a centralized large chemical device, is only suitable for single type enterprises (such as large thermal power plants), cannot flexibly adapt to industrial enterprises with different resource conditions, namely, partial enterprises (such as coking plants) have sufficient heat energy and carbon dioxide and are insufficient in power supply, partial enterprises (such as partial chemical plants) have sufficient power and heat energy and have dispersed carbon dioxide sources, and partial enterprises (such as thermal power plants) have carbon dioxide, electricity, water and heat energy at the same time and do not realize the integral utilization of resources. Meanwhile, part of industrial enterprises are provided with large-scale wind power, photovoltaic, hydroelectric power and other green energy power stations in peripheral layout, the green electricity is low in price and is not combined with a carbon dioxide oil production process, part of areas are provided with commercial green hydrogen supply, the on-site hydrogen production link can be directly omitted, and the prior art is not suitable for the scene. In addition, the prior art has the defects of complex process, large transformation difficulty, high cost, incapability of realizing in-situ carbon neutralization closed loop and the like, and does not integrate the resource characteristics of various industrial enterprises, so that the technical applicability is narrow, the large-scale popularization is difficult, the external sales of synthetic fuel is also subjected to strict industrial supervision, and the compliance risk is high. Aiming at the problems, the invention integrates the resource advantages and pain points of various industrial enterprises, newly increases the green electricity-hydrogen production and outsourcing green hydrogen double modes, designs the process and the device for synthesizing the fuel oil, which can be flexibly adapted, realize in-situ closed loop and have remarkable carbon neutralization effect, does not need to change the existing facilities of the enterprises on a large scale, and realizes the in-situ conversion and the comprehensive utilization of resources of carbon dioxide of various industrial enterprises. Disclosure of Invention Object of the Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a process and a modularized device for synthesizing fuel oil by in-situ carbon conversion and carbon neutralization of flue gas and carbon dioxide of multiple types of industrial enterprises, which integrates various industrial enterprises such as thermal power plants, coking plants, chemical plants and the like with heat energy and can generate carbon dioxide, adapts to resource conditions (carbon dioxide, electricity, water and heat energy) of different enterprises, newly increases a near-green electricity hydrogen production mode, outsources green hydrogen supply mode, realizes in-situ trapping of flue gas and carbon dioxide, in-situ utilization of surplus power/green power/industrial water source, self-heating of production waste heat, and uses synthesized fuel oil only in the enterprises, thereby solving the problems of energy waste and carbon dioxide emission of enterprises, realizing deep carbon neutralization, avoiding the flow supervision of finished oil, and having strong compliance, low cost and wide adaptability. Technical proposal The invention has the core ideas that based on the existing resources of various industrial enterprises, a green electricity/green hydrogen flexible adaptation scheme is newly added, no additional new increase facilities are needed, and carbon dioxide in-situ conversion, resource in-situ utilization and carbon in-situ neutralization are realized through modularized device and process optimization, wherein a thermal power plant is taken as a typical application scene (s