CN-121971999-A - Direct air capture coupled solid oxide electrolysis carbon conversion system and method

CN121971999ACN 121971999 ACN121971999 ACN 121971999ACN-121971999-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of carbon paving and carbon conversion, in particular to a carbon conversion system and method for direct air trapping coupling solid oxide electrolysis, wherein the carbon conversion system comprises a direct air trapping module and a solid oxide electrolytic tank module, wherein the solid oxide electrolytic tank module is connected with the direct air trapping module through a heat energy recovery path, and the heat energy recovery path is configured to drive an adsorbent regeneration process of the direct air trapping module by utilizing reaction waste heat generated by the solid oxide electrolytic tank module. The direct air capture module includes an adsorption reactor and a surge tank. By adopting the carbon conversion system, the airflow fluctuation is smoothed into a quasi-steady state by the buffer tank, the stable air intake of the solid oxide electrolytic tank is ensured, the reaction waste heat of the solid oxide electrolytic tank is guided to be used for adsorbent regeneration, the whole energy consumption of the system is reduced, the composite cathode modified by cation doping can adapt to dynamic fluctuation of the concentration of CO 2 in a wide range, and the running stability of the system is improved.

Inventors

XIE HEPING
TANG SHIYIN
FU LING
CHEN BIN

Assignees

深圳大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260408

Claims (9)

1. A direct air capture coupled solid oxide electrolysis carbon conversion system comprising: a direct air capture module for capturing and enriching carbon dioxide from ambient air to produce a carbon-containing raw gas stream, the direct air capture module comprising an adsorption reactor and a buffer tank configured to convert a pulsed gas stream produced by the adsorption reactor into a quasi-steady state gas stream; the solid oxide electrolytic cell module is used for receiving the carbon-containing raw material gas flow and carrying out electrolytic conversion, and comprises a composite cathode which is prepared by taking perovskite oxide as a matrix and carrying out cation doping modification; the solid oxide electrolyzer module is connected with the direct air capture module through a heat recovery path configured to drive an adsorbent regeneration process of the direct air capture module using reaction waste heat generated by the solid oxide electrolyzer module.
2. The carbon conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the adsorption reactor is filled with a selective adsorption material selected from at least one of a solid amine-based composite material, a metal-organic framework material, or an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal modified porous material.
3. The carbon conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the matrix of the composite cathode is a perovskite structure oxide, and cations are doped in the crystal lattice of the matrix or modified at the surface of the matrix to induce oxygen vacancies at the surface of the composite cathode.
4. The carbon conversion system according to claim 3, wherein the cation is selected from any one of Li + 、Na + 、K + 、Rb + and Cs + , and the perovskite structure oxide is Sr 2 Fe 1.5 Mo 0.5 O 6-δ .
5. The carbon conversion system of claim 1, wherein the direct air capture module further comprises: the temperature control module is used for controlling the adsorption reactor to switch between an adsorption temperature and a desorption temperature; The pressure control module is used for adjusting the pressure in the adsorption reactor; And the carrier gas supply device is used for introducing a sweeping medium into the adsorption reactor.
6. The carbon conversion system of claim 5, wherein the direct air capture module is configured with a conventional regeneration mode that achieves adsorbent regeneration through a temperature swing drive and pressure swing purge coupling and a deep regeneration mode that removes refractory impurities by heating the adsorption reactor to a higher temperature than the conventional regeneration mode and dry purging.
7. The carbon conversion system according to claim 1, wherein a dehumidification drying unit is further provided between the direct air capture module and the solid oxide electrolysis cell module, the dehumidification drying unit being configured to adjust the relative humidity of the feed gas stream prior to entering the solid oxide electrolysis cell module to a preset range.
8. A carbon conversion method based on the carbon conversion system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the steps of: capturing carbon dioxide from ambient air using a direct air capture module; The trapped carbon dioxide is enriched and subjected to buffer pressure stabilization by controlling the desorption conditions of the direct air trapping module to form a continuous carbon-containing raw material gas stream; Introducing the carbon-containing raw material gas stream into a solid oxide electrolysis cell module for electrolysis, and converting the carbon-containing raw material gas stream into carbon-containing chemicals; And collecting heat energy generated by the solid oxide electrolytic tank module and returning the heat energy to the direct air trapping module for driving the regeneration of the adsorbent.
9. The carbon conversion process of claim 8 wherein the solid oxide electrolyzer module is controlled to operate in a co-electrolysis mode by adjusting desorption parameters of the direct air trap module and introducing water vapor into the carbon-containing raw gas stream in proportion to produce syngas with an adjustable hydrogen-oxygen ratio.

Description

Direct air capture coupled solid oxide electrolysis carbon conversion system and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of carbon paving and carbon conversion, in particular to a carbon conversion system and method for direct air trapping coupling solid oxide electrolysis. Background The existing high-temperature solid oxide electrolytic cell technology faces a prominent raw material adaptability problem in practical application. Conventional process routes generally require the input of high purity, high concentration CO 2 gas (typically not less than 90% by volume) as the electrolysis feed. This requirement results in a strong dependence of the system on upstream carbon capture or carbon separation processes, in that the CO 2 gas stream obtained from industrial point source capture, although of relatively high concentration, is limited in its supply in geographical distribution, difficult to support for distributed deployment, and fails to achieve in situ, continuous, integrated conversion of low concentration (e.g., volume fraction about 400 ppm) CO 2 capture from ambient air to high value chemical synthesis. Accordingly, the prior art is still further developed and improved. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a direct air trapping and coupling solid oxide electrolysis carbon conversion system and a method, which aim to solve the problems of poor air flow stability and low energy utilization efficiency in the prior art of carbon conversion by carrying out integrated coupling on direct air trapping and a solid oxide electrolysis tank. Specifically: in a first aspect, a direct air capture coupled solid oxide electrolysis carbon conversion system, comprising: a direct air capture module for capturing and enriching carbon dioxide from ambient air to produce a carbon-containing raw gas stream, the direct air capture module comprising an adsorption reactor and a buffer tank configured to convert a pulsed gas stream produced by the adsorption reactor into a quasi-steady state gas stream; the solid oxide electrolytic cell module is used for receiving the carbon-containing raw material gas flow and carrying out electrolytic conversion, and comprises a composite cathode which is prepared by taking perovskite oxide as a matrix and carrying out cation doping modification; the solid oxide electrolyzer module is connected with the direct air capture module through a heat recovery path configured to drive an adsorbent regeneration process of the direct air capture module using reaction waste heat generated by the solid oxide electrolyzer module. The following is a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, but not a limitation of the technical scheme provided by the present invention, and the following preferred technical scheme can better achieve and achieve the objects and advantages of the present invention. As a preferable embodiment, the carbon conversion system is characterized in that the adsorption reactor is filled with a selective adsorption material, and the selective adsorption material is at least one selected from a solid amine-based composite material, a metal-organic framework material, and a porous material modified with alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. As a preferred technical scheme, the carbon conversion system, wherein the matrix of the composite cathode is perovskite structure oxide, and cations are doped in crystal lattice of the matrix or modified on the surface of the matrix, so as to induce oxygen vacancies on the surface of the composite cathode. As a preferable embodiment, the carbon conversion system is one in which the cation is selected from any one of Li +、Na+、K+、Rb+ and Cs +, and the perovskite structure oxide is Sr 2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6-δ. As a preferred embodiment, the carbon conversion system, wherein the direct air trapping module further comprises: the temperature control module is used for controlling the adsorption reactor to switch between an adsorption temperature and a desorption temperature; The pressure control module is used for adjusting the pressure in the adsorption reactor; And the carrier gas supply device is used for introducing a sweeping medium into the adsorption reactor. The carbon conversion system is characterized in that the direct air capture module is provided with a conventional regeneration mode and a deep regeneration mode, wherein the conventional regeneration mode realizes adsorbent regeneration through temperature-changing driving and pressure-changing purging coupling, and the deep regeneration mode is used for removing stubborn impurities by heating the adsorption reactor to a temperature higher than that of the conventional regeneration mode and performing drying purging. As a preferred technical solution, the carbon conversion system further comprises a dehumidifying and drying unit between the direct air capturing module and the solid oxide electrolysis cell module, wherein the dehumidifying and dryin