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CN-121972131-A - Copper-loaded activated carbon capable of simultaneously adsorbing acid gas and alkaline gas, preparation method and application

CN121972131ACN 121972131 ACN121972131 ACN 121972131ACN-121972131-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of copper-loaded activated carbon capable of simultaneously adsorbing acid gas and alkaline gas, which comprises the steps of (1) uniformly mixing activated carbon with nitric acid aqueous solution, sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment and low-temperature stirring to obtain acid-modified activated carbon, (2) immersing the acid-modified activated carbon into copper chloride aqueous solution for modification treatment, and (3) sequentially carrying out low-temperature drying and high-temperature drying on an intermediate product after modification treatment to obtain the copper-loaded activated carbon. The preparation method disclosed by the invention does not need high temperature, has the advantages of simple process, mild condition and low energy consumption, and the prepared copper-loaded activated carbon has high load capacity and high dispersibility, can realize the simultaneous and efficient removal of acid and alkali gases with opposite properties, and can be applied to the adsorption and removal of peculiar smell in various scenes such as wound care, stomacher care, incontinence care, medical air purification, household and public place deodorization, pet care, food storage processing environment deodorization, livestock and poultry farm air purification, garbage or sewage treatment deodorization and the like.

Inventors

  • JI JIAN
  • WANG KEXIN
  • REN KEFENG
  • CHEN CHAOYANG
  • WANG YOUXIANG

Assignees

  • 浙江大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20251218

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the copper-loaded activated carbon for simultaneously adsorbing the acid gas and the alkaline gas is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) Uniformly mixing the activated carbon with a nitric acid aqueous solution, and sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment and low-temperature stirring to obtain acid modified activated carbon; The ultrasonic treatment time is 30-60 min; The low-temperature stirring is carried out at 30-35 ℃; (2) Immersing the acid modified activated carbon into a copper chloride aqueous solution for modification treatment; (3) Sequentially performing low-temperature drying and high-temperature drying on the intermediate product subjected to the modification treatment in the step (2) to obtain the copper-loaded activated carbon; The low-temperature drying is carried out, and the temperature is 40-60 ℃; And the high-temperature drying is carried out at the temperature of 80-120 ℃.
  2. 2. The method for producing copper-supported activated carbon that simultaneously adsorbs acid gas and alkaline gas according to claim 1, wherein in step (1): The activated carbon is one or more selected from biomass-source activated carbon, mineral-source activated carbon and synthetic material-source activated carbon; The mass fraction of the nitric acid aqueous solution is 25-35%; the mass volume ratio of the activated carbon to the nitric acid aqueous solution is 0.1-0.5 g/mL.
  3. 3. The method for producing copper-supported activated carbon that simultaneously adsorbs acid gas and alkaline gas according to claim 1, wherein in step (1): The ultrasonic treatment is carried out at normal temperature; the stirring is carried out at the low temperature, the stirring speed is 400-880 rpm, and the stirring time is 1-12 h; The crude product after low-temperature stirring is also subjected to filtration, washing and drying treatment to obtain the acid modified activated carbon.
  4. 4. The method for producing copper-supported activated carbon that simultaneously adsorbs acid gas and alkaline gas according to claim 1, wherein in step (2): the concentration of the copper chloride aqueous solution is 1-6 mol/L; the mass volume ratio of the acid modified activated carbon to the aqueous solution of copper chloride is 0.1-0.5 g/mL.
  5. 5. The method for producing copper-supported activated carbon that simultaneously adsorbs acid gas and alkaline gas according to claim 1, wherein in step (2): the modification treatment is carried out at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 1-5 hours; during the modification treatment, stirring is carried out at a stirring speed of 400 to 880 rpm.
  6. 6. The method for producing copper-supported activated carbon that simultaneously adsorbs acid gas and alkaline gas according to claim 1, wherein in step (2): The crude product after modification treatment is also subjected to filtration, washing and drying treatment to obtain the intermediate product.
  7. 7. The method for producing copper-supported activated carbon that simultaneously adsorbs acid gas and alkaline gas according to claim 1, wherein in step (3): the low-temperature drying is carried out for 6-12 hours; and the high-temperature drying time is 12-24 hours.
  8. 8. The method for preparing the copper-loaded activated carbon capable of simultaneously adsorbing acid gas and alkaline gas according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized in that: In the step (1), the activated carbon is selected from coconut shell activated carbon with the mesh number of 20-40 and the specific surface area of 400-600 m 2 /g; The mass volume ratio of the activated carbon to the nitric acid aqueous solution is 0.1-0.3 g/mL; in the step (2), the concentration of the copper chloride aqueous solution is 3.5-6 mol/L; the mass volume ratio of the acid modified activated carbon to the aqueous solution of copper chloride is 0.1-0.2 g/mL.
  9. 9. A copper-loaded activated carbon prepared according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 8 and capable of simultaneously adsorbing an acid gas and a basic gas, characterized in that: The acid gas comprises one or more of hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and ethyl mercaptan; The alkaline gas comprises one or more of ammonia, cadaverine and putrescine.
  10. 10. Use of the copper-loaded activated carbon according to claim 9 for adsorbing and removing off-flavors.

Description

Copper-loaded activated carbon capable of simultaneously adsorbing acid gas and alkaline gas, preparation method and application Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of adsorption materials, in particular to copper-loaded activated carbon capable of simultaneously adsorbing acid gas and alkaline gas, a preparation method and application thereof in adsorption and removal of peculiar smell. Background Odor control is a key challenge in many scenarios involving organic spoilage or metabolism, such as wound care, ostomy care, incontinence care, livestock farming, waste disposal, and the like. These odors are usually complex in composition, but the core malodorous substances often include alkaline gases such as ammonia (NH 3), cadaverine, putrescine, and acidic sulfur-containing gases such as hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) and methyl mercaptan. Taking wound care as an example, wound exudates are decomposed under the action of microorganisms, so that various acidic and basic malodorous molecules such as NH 3、H2 S, methyl mercaptan and the like can be generated, the physical and psychological comfort and the life quality of a patient are affected, and the risk of infection can be predicted. At present, activated carbon is widely used as an odor adsorbing material in the above-mentioned scenes due to its high specific surface area, low cost and good safety. However, unmodified activated carbon mainly relies on non-specific van der waals force for physical adsorption, has low adsorption capacity and poor selectivity on such polar small molecules, is easy to desorb, and has poor actual deodorizing effect and the adsorption material needs to be replaced frequently. In order to enhance the adsorption capacity to polar molecules, the activated carbon is often subjected to functionalization treatment by adopting an acid-base modification strategy, and the adsorption performance to a certain class of odor molecules can be remarkably improved by the method. However, when the above-mentioned materials are mixed, the modified materials generally show strong selective adsorption tendency, so that adsorption of odor components with different properties is generated, namely, adsorption of one kind of gas is enhanced, adsorption capacity of the other kind of gas with opposite properties is obviously weakened, and comprehensive purification of complex odor components is difficult to realize. On the other hand, metal load modification is also a potential activated carbon functionalization method. By introducing metal active centers such as copper and the like, sites which can act with acid-base gas simultaneously can be provided, so that the synergistic adsorption of mixed odor molecules is realized. However, the application of this technique faces two limitations: firstly, the effect is seriously dependent on the loading and dispersity of metal, and the insufficient loading is easy to cause insufficient active sites or particle agglomeration. Secondly, the existing technology mostly involves a high-temperature step, for example, a method of high-temperature calcination after impregnation is adopted in the Chinese patent document with the application publication number of CN 112371087A, the high-temperature calcination temperature is 400-550 ℃, and the method has the problems of high energy consumption and high cost. It is especially critical that after this conventional high temperature calcination, the copper salt is converted into copper oxide and serves as an active center for removing hydrogen sulfide, phosphine, arsine and ammonia, and its effect on hydrogen sulfide is mainly direct chemisorption and solid copper sulfide formation, which is irreversible and easily blocks the carrier pore channels, resulting in rapid deactivation of the material. Therefore, how to construct a metal active center which can avoid pore channel blockage, has high dispersibility and proper loading capacity by a simple and low-energy-consumption process so as to realize efficient, durable and synergistic removal of the complex acid-base malodorous components is a prominent technical problem. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention discloses a preparation method of copper-loaded activated carbon, which has the advantages of simple process, no need of high temperature, mild reaction condition and low energy consumption, and the prepared copper-loaded activated carbon has high load capacity and high dispersibility, can realize the simultaneous and efficient removal of acid and alkali gases with opposite properties, and can be applied to the adsorption and removal of peculiar smell in various scenes such as wound care, stomal care, incontinence care, medical air purification, deodorization in home and public places, pet care, deodorization in food storage processing environments, air purification in livestock and poultry farms, deodorization in garbage or sewage treatment and the like. The specifi