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CN-121972141-A - Bidirectional humidity-regulating material for lithium battery pack of new energy vehicle and preparation method and application thereof

CN121972141ACN 121972141 ACN121972141 ACN 121972141ACN-121972141-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a bidirectional humidity-regulating material for a lithium battery pack of a new energy vehicle, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of firstly, carrying out polymerization reaction on sodium salt, chlorine salt and hyperbranched hydrophilic polymer in a solvent; dipping the base material in the reaction mixture, drying to obtain moisture absorption cotton, mixing unvulcanized rubber, water absorption polymer, thermoplastic elastomer, polyether ester plasticizer, stearic acid, carbon black and titanium dioxide, banburying to obtain water absorption expansion polymer composite, calendaring the water absorption expansion polymer composite to obtain water storage sheet, sequentially overlapping the microporous permeable membrane, moisture absorption cotton, water storage sheet, moisture absorption cotton and microporous permeable membrane, and hot pressing. Compared with the prior art, the hyperbranched hydrophilic polymer in the humidity-regulating material has a space network structure and a large number of hydrophilic groups, and the super-absorbent polymer has excellent porosity and long-term water absorption capacity, and the water storage layer has excellent water absorption, water storage and water locking capacity.

Inventors

  • LI ZHENQI
  • QIAN YONGJUN
  • ZHANG YIQIN
  • LI XIAOHUI
  • HU HAO
  • MA FENGLING
  • YANG YANG

Assignees

  • 上海材料研究所有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260204

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the bidirectional humidity-regulating material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, carrying out polymerization reaction on sodium salt, chloride salt and hyperbranched hydrophilic polymer in a solvent to obtain a modified hyperbranched hydrophilic sizing agent; Mixing and banburying unvulcanized rubber, a water-absorbing polymer, a thermoplastic elastomer, a polyether ester plasticizer, stearic acid, carbon black and titanium dioxide to obtain a water-absorbing expansion polymer composite; S2, sequentially overlapping the microporous permeable membrane, the absorbent cotton, the water storage sheet, the absorbent cotton and the microporous permeable membrane, and performing hot pressing to obtain the porous membrane.
  2. 2. The method for preparing a bidirectional humidity controlling material according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the method for preparing the hyperbranched hydrophilic polymer comprises: 1) Stirring polyacrylamide, a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, a catalyst and alpha-1, 4-glucoside bonded glucose in a reaction solvent for reaction; 2) Adding glycerol, hydroxy modified dimethyl siloxane and bis (3-alkoxysilylpropyl) amine for stirring reaction.
  3. 3. The method for preparing the bidirectional humidity control material according to claim 2, wherein in the step 1), the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide, the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, the catalyst and the alpha-1, 4 glycoside-bonded glucose is 17-25:1-5:2-5:8-22; the catalyst is at least one selected from ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate; In the stirring reaction, the reaction temperature is 40-60 ℃ and the reaction time is 6-8h; In the step 2), the bis (3-alkoxysilylpropyl) amine is selected from one of bis (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) amine and bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) amine; the mass ratio of the glycerol, the hydroxyl modified dimethyl siloxane, the bis (3-alkoxysilylpropyl) amine and the polyacrylamide is 5-10:0.4-0.5:0.01-0.03:17-25; in the stirring reaction, the reaction temperature is 60-70 ℃ and the reaction time is 3-8h.
  4. 4. The method for preparing a bi-directional humidity control material according to claim 1 wherein in step S1, the sodium salt is selected from one or a combination of two of sodium formate or sodium propionate; the chloride salt is at least one of sodium chloride, magnesium chloride or calcium chloride; the mass ratio of the sodium salt to the chlorine salt to the hyperbranched hydrophilic polymer is 10-25:1-15:2.5-3.5; the solvent is selected from at least one of ethanol, water, span 60 or span 80; In the polymerization reaction, the reaction temperature is 40-60 ℃ and the reaction time is 4-8h; the base material is polyester fiber, preferably, the polyester fiber is at least one selected from the group consisting of; The mass ratio of the hyperbranched hydrophilic polymer to the base material is 2.5-3:20-50.
  5. 5. The method for preparing a bidirectional humidity controlling material according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the mass ratio of the unvulcanized rubber, the water absorbing polymer, the thermoplastic elastomer and the additive is 10-50:8-75:1.8-5:5-20; the thermoplastic elastomer is at least one selected from styrene elastomer, olefin elastomer, polyamide elastomer, urethane elastomer, polyester elastomer and vinyl chloride elastomer; The unvulcanized rubber is at least one of chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, acrylic rubber, butadiene rubber and isoprene rubber; The additive is at least one selected from plasticizer, lubricant, colorant or filler; The plasticizer is a polyether ester plasticizer; the lubricant is stearic acid; the colorant is selected from one or two of carbon black and titanium dioxide; The mass ratio of the non-vulcanized rubber to the polyether ester plasticizer to the stearic acid to the carbon black to the titanium dioxide is 15-45:5.7-17:0.2-2.7:0.01-0.03:0.18-0.68; in the banburying, the banburying temperature is 100-120 ℃ and the banburying time is 60-80min.
  6. 6. The method for preparing the bidirectional humidity-controlling material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the water-absorbing polymer is prepared by preparing a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and acrylic acid, adding a reaction solvent, N-methylene polyacrylamide and potassium persulfate, and stirring and reacting.
  7. 7. The method for preparing the bidirectional humidity control material according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to acrylic acid is 23:65-85; the reaction solvent is at least one selected from cyclohexane, heptane and water; The mass ratio of the acrylic acid to the N, N-methylene polyacrylamide to the potassium persulfate is 50:10-15:1.2-3.5; in the stirring reaction, the reaction temperature is 65-85 ℃ and the reaction time is 2-6h.
  8. 8. The method for preparing a bi-directional humidity control material according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the microporous permeable membrane is a hydrophobic organic permeable membrane, preferably, the microporous permeable membrane is one selected from polyethylene terephthalate, acetate fiber, polyethersulfone and polytetrafluoroethylene; In the hot pressing, the hot pressing temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the hot pressing pressure is 3-5MPa.
  9. 9. The bidirectional humidity-regulating material is characterized by comprising an upper microporous permeable membrane (1), a moisture absorption layer (2), a water storage layer (3), a moisture absorption layer (2) and a lower microporous permeable membrane (4) which are sequentially stacked; the thickness of the upper microporous permeable membrane (1) is 0.10-0.25mm; The thickness of the moisture absorption layer (2) is 0.5-2.0mm; The thickness of the water storage layer (3) is 0.8-4mm; the thickness of the lower microporous permeable membrane (4) is 0.10-0.25mm.
  10. 10. Use of the bi-directional moisture regulating material according to claim 9 for a new energy vehicle lithium battery pack.

Description

Bidirectional humidity-regulating material for lithium battery pack of new energy vehicle and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of humidity control materials, and relates to a bidirectional humidity control material for a lithium battery pack of a new energy vehicle, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Traditional humidity regulating materials include natural, organic polymers and inorganic mineral materials. Natural and inorganic mineral materials have large fluctuation of moisture absorption and release capability and poor effect, and organic polymer materials have complex preparation and insufficient research depth and are difficult to apply on a large scale. In addition, the evaluation standard of the existing humidity-regulating material mainly focuses on the moisture absorption performance, and an effective regulation and control method for stable release after moisture absorption is lacking, so that most products can generate the problem of flowing water (leakage) in use, and electrical devices are easy to short circuit and even damage. For example, under ambient humidity, vehicle stop or cooling system operation may easily lead to condensation of the new energy automobile battery pack, increase the risk of electrical short circuits, and may cause fire or deflagration accidents. In addition, at low humidity, the battery pack operates in a high temperature dry environment, which also increases the thermal runaway probability. That is, the existing humidity control materials are prone to "moisture" leakage when used for a long period of time, are prone to short circuits of electronic devices, and have limited scope of application. Therefore, how to realize long-time and long-distance effective humidity control is still a technical problem to be broken through. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a bidirectional humidity regulating material for a lithium battery pack of a new energy vehicle, which is used for controlling humidity change and preventing condensation from forming, and a preparation method and application thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems that the existing bidirectional humidity regulating material is difficult to realize water storage, water leakage prevention and long-acting humidity regulation under the condition of long-term use. The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: The first aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a bidirectional humidity-controlling material, comprising the steps of: S1, carrying out polymerization reaction on sodium salt, chloride salt and hyperbranched hydrophilic polymer in a solvent to obtain a modified hyperbranched hydrophilic sizing agent; Mixing and banburying unvulcanized rubber, a water-absorbing polymer, a thermoplastic elastomer, a polyether ester plasticizer, stearic acid, carbon black and titanium dioxide to obtain a water-absorbing expansion polymer composite; S2, sequentially overlapping the microporous permeable membrane, the absorbent cotton, the water storage sheet, the absorbent cotton and the microporous permeable membrane, and performing hot pressing to obtain the porous membrane. In some specific embodiments, in step S1, the method of preparing the hyperbranched hydrophilic polymer comprises: 1) Stirring polyacrylamide, a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, a catalyst and alpha-1, 4-glucoside bonded glucose in a reaction solvent for reaction; 2) Adding glycerol, hydroxy modified dimethyl siloxane and bis (3-alkoxysilylpropyl) amine for stirring reaction. In some specific embodiments, in step 1), the mass ratio of polyacrylamide, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, catalyst, α -1,4 glycoside-linked glucose is 17-25:1-5:2-5:8-22; the catalyst is at least one selected from ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate; In the stirring reaction, the reaction temperature is 40-60 ℃ and the reaction time is 6-8h; In the step 2), the bis (3-alkoxysilylpropyl) amine is selected from one of bis (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) amine and bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) amine; the mass ratio of the glycerol, the hydroxyl modified dimethyl siloxane, the bis (3-alkoxysilylpropyl) amine and the polyacrylamide is 5-10:0.4-0.5:0.01-0.03:17-25; in the stirring reaction, the reaction temperature is 60-70 ℃ and the reaction time is 3-8h. In some specific embodiments, in step S1, the sodium salt is selected from one or a combination of two of sodium formate or sodium propionate; the chloride salt is at least one of sodium chloride, magnesium chloride or calcium chloride; the mass ratio of the sodium salt to the chlorine salt to the hyperbranched hydrophilic polymer is 10-25:1-15:2.5-3.5; the solvent is selected from at least one of ethanol, water, span 60 or span 80; In the polymerization reaction, the reaction temperature is 40-60 ℃ and the reaction time is 4-8h; the base ma