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CN-121972143-A - Sponge-based defluorination composite material and preparation method and application thereof

CN121972143ACN 121972143 ACN121972143 ACN 121972143ACN-121972143-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a sponge-based defluorination composite material, a preparation method and application thereof, and the sponge-based defluorination composite material comprises a sponge serving as a carrier and metal salts loaded on the sponge, wherein the metal salts comprise iron metal salts, aluminum metal salts and lanthanum metal salts, the iron metal salts are ferric sulfate or ferric chloride, the aluminum metal salts are aluminum chloride, and the lanthanum metal salts are lanthanum chloride or lanthanum nitrate. Compared with other adsorption type defluorination materials, the sponge-based defluorination composite material has the advantages of low cost, convenient use and multiple repeated use times, and meanwhile, the sponge-based defluorination composite material has high defluorination efficiency and stable performance, and has remarkable application advantages.

Inventors

  • WANG WEI
  • SHI CAN
  • ZHANG JUNPENG
  • WANG YIHAN
  • HU XUECHUAN
  • ZHAO KE
  • Tang Rongjie

Assignees

  • 合肥工业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260228

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The sponge-based defluorination composite material is characterized by comprising a sponge serving as a carrier and metal salts loaded on the sponge, wherein the metal salts comprise iron metal salts, aluminum metal salts and lanthanum metal salts, the iron metal salts are ferric sulfate or ferric chloride, the aluminum metal salts are aluminum chloride, and the lanthanum metal salts are lanthanum chloride or lanthanum nitrate.
  2. 2. The sponge-based defluorination composite material according to claim 1, wherein the molar concentration ratio of iron ions, aluminum ions and lanthanum ions is 1 (0.5-1.5): 2.5-3.5.
  3. 3. A method of preparing the sponge-based defluorinated composite according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of: s1, preparing a metal salt mixed solution; S2, slowly placing the sponge into the metal salt mixed solution prepared in the step S1, and fully stirring and mixing until the sponge reaches a saturated adsorption state on the metal salt mixed solution; S3, slowly dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution into the system of the sponge and metal salt mixed solution obtained in the step S2 to generate white flocculent precipitate in the system, and simultaneously stirring at a uniform speed to enable the white flocculent precipitate to be attached to the sponge; And S4, filtering out redundant solution in the system in the step S3, cleaning the sponge attached with the white flocculent precipitate, and drying to obtain the sponge-based defluorination composite material.
  4. 4. The method for preparing a sponge-based defluorinated composite material according to claim 3, wherein the concentration of the iron metal salt solution, the aluminum metal salt solution and the lanthanum metal salt solution in the metal salt mixed solution prepared in the step S1 is 0.25 mol/L, 0.125-0.375 mol/L and 0.625-0.875 mol/L in sequence.
  5. 5. The method for preparing a sponge-based defluorinated composite material according to claim 4, wherein the molar concentration ratio of iron ions, aluminum ions and lanthanum ions in the metal salt mixed solution prepared in the step S1 is 1:1:3.
  6. 6. The method for preparing a sponge-based defluorinated composite according to claim 3, wherein the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution added dropwise in the step S3 is 0.5-2 mol/L.
  7. 7. The method for preparing a sponge-based defluorinated composite according to claim 3, wherein the drying condition in step S4 is 80-120 ℃ for drying 1-5 h.
  8. 8. The application of the sponge-based defluorination composite material in the defluorination of sewage is characterized in that the sponge-based defluorination composite material according to claim 1 or 2 or the sponge-based defluorination composite material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 3-7 is adopted, and the sponge-based defluorination composite material is put into the sewage containing fluorine for adsorption defluorination.
  9. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises adding the sponge-based defluorinated composite material 0.2-g to a solution containing fluorine at a concentration of 10-120 mg/L of ml, stirring for 5-10 min, standing for 10-20 min, and adsorbing the fluorine ions.

Description

Sponge-based defluorination composite material and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to a sponge-based defluorination composite material, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of water treatment. Background The toxicity of fluoride is closely related to its concentration. At present, the first-stage fluoride emission standard in the wastewater comprehensive emission standard (GB 8978-1996) of the industrial wastewater emission implementation is less than or equal to 10.0 mg/L. The emission standard of the fluoride is less than or equal to 1.0 mg/L in the quality standard of the surface water environment (GB 3838-2002) of the water quality of the receiving water body. A great deal of scientific research work is carried out on how to treat the fluorine-containing sewage and wastewater at home and abroad. At present, the method for removing the fluoride ions in the fluoride-containing wastewater comprises an adsorption precipitation method, an ion exchange method, a membrane filtration method, an electric flocculation method, an electrodialysis method and the like. Among them, the adsorption precipitation method is widely used. Conventional adsorption precipitation methods suffer from the disadvantage that (1) the adsorption process is highly dependent on the pH of the environment, usually requiring a pH in the range of 5-8. (2) The sulfate, phosphate or carbonate in the sewage and the wastewater have a competitive relationship with fluoride ions, which is unfavorable for adsorption. (3) The adsorption capacity is small, the adsorption efficiency is low, and pretreatment may be required. (4) The fluorine removing agent cannot be regenerated or has less regeneration times, and the steps are complicated. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a sponge-based defluorination composite material, a preparation method and application thereof, and the sponge-based defluorination composite material can efficiently adsorb fluorine and has good reproducibility. In order to achieve the aim, the sponge-based defluorination composite material comprises a sponge serving as a carrier and metal salts loaded on the sponge, wherein the metal salts comprise iron metal salts, aluminum metal salts and lanthanum metal salts, the iron metal salts are ferric sulfate or ferric chloride, the aluminum metal salts are aluminum chloride, and the lanthanum metal salts are lanthanum chloride or lanthanum nitrate. Preferably, when the iron metal salt, the aluminum metal salt and the lanthanum metal salt are loaded, the molar concentration ratio of the iron ions, the aluminum ions and the lanthanum ions is 1 (0.5-1.5) to (2.5-3.5). The invention also provides a preparation method of the sponge-based defluorination composite material, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a metal salt mixed solution; S2, slowly placing the sponge into the metal salt mixed solution prepared in the step S1, and fully stirring and mixing until the sponge reaches a saturated adsorption state on the metal salt mixed solution; S3, slowly dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution into the system of the sponge and metal salt mixed solution obtained in the step S2 to generate white flocculent precipitate in the system, and simultaneously stirring at a uniform speed to enable the white flocculent precipitate to be attached to the sponge; And S4, filtering out redundant solution in the system in the step S3, cleaning the sponge attached with the white flocculent precipitate, and drying to obtain the sponge-based defluorination composite material. Preferably, in the metal salt mixed solution prepared in the step S1, the concentration of the iron metal salt solution, the aluminum metal salt solution and the lanthanum metal salt solution is 0.25 mol/L, 0.125-0.375 mol/L and 0.625-0.875 mol/L in sequence. Preferably, in the metal salt mixed solution prepared in the step S1, the molar concentration ratio of iron ions, aluminum ions and lanthanum ions is 1:1:3. Preferably, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution added dropwise in the step S3 is 0.5-2 mol/L. Preferably, the drying condition in the step S4 is 1-5 h of drying at 80-120 ℃. The invention also provides an application of the sponge-based defluorination composite material in the defluorination of sewage, the sponge-based defluorination composite material or the sponge-based defluorination composite material prepared by the preparation method is adopted, and the sponge-based defluorination composite material is put into the fluorine-containing sewage for absorption defluorination. Preferably, the application operation is as follows, 0.2 g of the sponge-based defluorination composite material is added into 100 ml fluorine-containing solution with the fluorine ion concentration of 10-120 mg/L, the solution is stirred for 5-10 minutes in an oscillating way, and