CN-121972317-A - Multi-mode self-priming superfine aerosol emission device and control method thereof

CN121972317ACN 121972317 ACN121972317 ACN 121972317ACN-121972317-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aerosol particle size control, in particular to a multi-mode self-priming superfine aerosol emission device and a control method thereof. The invention can realize the full coverage adaptation of low-viscosity liquid to high-viscosity liquid through reasonable arrangement of the composite atomization module, the liquid supply module, the cone angle adjusting module, the particle size detecting module and the central control module, solves the problem of poor atomization adaptation of the high-viscosity liquid in the prior art, and can adapt to the atomization demands of different scenes through accurate adjustment of the spray cone angle, the spray pressure, the spray speed and the spray particle size.

Inventors

LIU YONGBAO
CHU XIANGLIN
WANG QIANG
HE XING
LI MO
LI XIN

Assignees

中国人民解放军海军工程大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260227

Claims (10)

1. The multi-mode self-priming superfine aerosol emission device is characterized by comprising a composite atomization module, a liquid supply module, a cone angle adjusting module, a particle size detecting module and a control module; The composite atomizing module comprises a Laval nozzle (1), an air inlet end (2), a throat (3) and an injection end (4) are sequentially arranged in the Laval nozzle (1) from top to bottom, a left liquid inlet end (5) and a right liquid inlet end (7) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the Laval nozzle (1), the left liquid inlet end (5) is communicated with the injection end (4) through a first liquid inlet channel (6), the right liquid inlet end (7) is communicated with the throat (3) through a second liquid inlet channel (8), the air inlet end (2) is connected with an air supply device (11) through an air supply pipeline (23), and a pressure regulating valve (24) is arranged at the inlet of the air inlet end (2); The liquid supply module comprises a liquid storage tank (12), a liquid supply pump (13) and a filter (14) are arranged on a liquid supply pipeline (15) connected with the liquid storage tank (12), the tail end of the liquid supply pipeline (15) is respectively connected with a left liquid inlet end (5) and a right liquid inlet end (7) through a first liquid supply branch pipe (16) and a second liquid supply branch pipe (17), and a first flow regulating valve (18) and a second flow regulating valve (19) are respectively arranged at inlets of the left liquid inlet end (5) and the right liquid inlet end (7); The cone angle adjusting module comprises two guide vanes (9) which are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the bottom of the injection end (4), and the installation ends of the guide vanes (9) are provided with angle adjusting mechanisms (10); The particle size detection module comprises a laser particle size analyzer (20) arranged at the bottom of the Laval nozzle (1), and a detection probe of the laser particle size analyzer (20) is opposite to an atomization area between two guide vanes (9); The control module comprises a controller (21), wherein the liquid supply pump (13), the angle adjusting mechanism (10), the laser particle analyzer (20), the pressure adjusting valve (24), the first flow adjusting valve (18) and the second flow adjusting valve (19) are electrically connected with the controller (21) through corresponding control cables (22), and the controller (21) is in remote communication connection with an upper computer.
2. A multi-mode self-priming ultrafine aerosol emitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection of the left liquid inlet end (5) and the first liquid supply branch pipe (16), the connection of the right liquid inlet end (7) and the second liquid supply branch pipe (17) and the connection of the air inlet end (2) and the air supply pipeline (23) are provided with sealing joints.
3. A multi-mode self-priming ultrafine aerosol emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the laser particle sizer (20) is mounted to the bottom of the laval nozzle (1) by an adjustment bracket for adjusting the mounting height and angle of the laser particle sizer (20).
4. The multi-mode self-priming ultrafine aerosol emission device according to claim 1 is characterized in that a liquid level sensor is arranged in the liquid storage tank (12), an electric flow regulating valve is adopted by the first flow regulating valve (18) and the second flow regulating valve (19), an explosion-proof pressure relief valve is further arranged on the air supply pipeline (23), and the inner diameters of the first liquid inlet flow channel (6) and the second liquid inlet flow channel (8) are smaller than one third of the inner diameter of the throat (3).
5. A multi-mode self-priming ultrafine aerosol emission device according to claim 1, wherein two angle adjusting mechanisms (10) are symmetrically arranged at the left and right sides of the bottom of the injection end (4) and used for driving two guide vanes (9) to symmetrically turn over so as to adjust the spray cone angle α of the device.
6. A multi-mode self-priming ultrafine aerosol emitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the throat diameter of the laval nozzle (1) And diameter at the outlet of the spray tip The following formula is satisfied: In the formula, The spray mach number preset for the laval nozzle, Is the specific heat ratio of the high-pressure gas at the air inlet end.
7. A method for controlling particle size of a multi-mode self-priming ultra-fine aerosol emission device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of: s1, setting initial parameters of a device, namely setting a liquid type, a device working mode, an air supply pressure threshold value and a target particle size range by a user through an upper computer; S2, switching the working mode and preprocessing, namely adjusting all valves and equipment of the device to corresponding initial states according to viscosity parameters corresponding to the type of liquid set by a user and the selected working mode of the device, and starting the air supply device to continuously supply air for a preset time t so as to discharge air and impurities in the nozzle; s3, atomization starting and particle size closed-loop control, namely starting atomization operation, detecting the particle size in an atomization area at an outlet in real time, and dynamically adjusting air supply pressure, liquid supply flow and spray cone angle through a PID algorithm to ensure that the actual particle size is always in a target particle size range; S4, safety monitoring and exception handling, namely monitoring the operating parameters of the device in real time and triggering a corresponding protection mechanism in time aiming at an exception condition; s5, stopping atomization and resetting the device, purging the pipeline after atomization, resetting each device and storing operation data.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in step S2, the operation modes of the apparatus include a self-priming mode, an active liquid supply mode, and a mixing mode; 1) The self-priming mode comprises the steps of controlling a liquid supply pump to stop, closing a first flow regulating valve, simultaneously opening a second flow regulating valve to a preset opening K 1 , enabling liquid to enter the device from a liquid inlet end at the right side, and realizing liquid self-priming through negative pressure at a throat pipe; 2) An active liquid supply mode, which is to control a liquid supply pump to start and run to a preset high rotating speed V 1 , close a flow regulating valve II, and simultaneously open the flow regulating valve I to a preset opening K 2 , and at the moment, liquid enters the device from a liquid inlet end of the left side and is actively supplied by the liquid supply pump; 3) And in the mixing mode, the liquid supply pump is controlled to start and run to a preset low rotation speed V 2 , and the first flow regulating valve and the second flow regulating valve are both opened to a preset opening K 3 , wherein V 2 ＜V 1 ,K 2 ＜K 3 ＜K 1 is the same as the first flow regulating valve.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein in step S3, the particle diameter is controlled in a closed loop, and the method specifically comprises: if the actual particle size is larger than the maximum value of the target particle size range, the air supply pressure is increased, the air flow speed is increased, the shearing force is enhanced, and meanwhile, the liquid supply flow and the spray cone angle are reduced, so that the liquid is crushed more fully; If the actual particle size is smaller than the minimum value of the target particle size range, the air supply pressure is reduced, the air flow speed is reduced, and the liquid supply flow rate and the spray cone angle are increased.
10. The method for controlling particle size according to claim 7, wherein in step S4, the triggering of the corresponding protection mechanism for the abnormal situation in time specifically includes: When the pressure of the air inlet end exceeds a preset air supply pressure threshold value, immediately cutting off the air supply device and the air supply pump, and starting an explosion-proof pressure release valve on an air supply pipeline to release pressure; When the liquid level in the liquid storage tank is lower than a preset lower limit value, a liquid level alarm is sent to remind a user of replenishing the liquid, and if the liquid is not replenished for more than a preset time T 1 , the device is automatically stopped; And when the duration time of the actual particle size to the maximum value of the target particle size range exceeds the preset time T 2 , giving out a particle size exceeding alarm.

Description

Multi-mode self-priming superfine aerosol emission device and control method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of aerosol particle size control, in particular to a multi-mode self-priming superfine aerosol emission device and a control method thereof. Background The core definition of aerosol requires that the particle size of the particles is smaller than 10 mu m, wherein the solid aerosol can be prepared by preparing solid powder smaller than 10 mu m in advance and dispersing the solid powder in a target space through a nozzle, a rotational flow or the like. However, the intermolecular distance of the liquid aerosol is close to the equilibrium distance r 0, the van der Waals force effect is remarkable, the liquid molecules have strong polymerization trend, and large-size liquid units are easy to form, so that the crushing treatment cannot be finished in advance like the solid aerosol, and the liquid aerosol must be prepared in real time in the use process, which brings natural challenges to the application of the liquid aerosol. At present, the liquid aerosol preparation technology commonly used in the industry mainly comprises an ultrasonic atomization technology, a pressure atomization nozzle technology, a gas-assisted atomization technology, a plasma atomization technology and the like. The technology can basically prepare liquid particles with the particle size less than 10 mu m when treating low-viscosity liquids such as water (H 2 O) and the like, meets the basic requirement of aerosol formation, but has technical defects which are difficult to overcome when treating high-viscosity liquids with flammability such as diesel oil and the like: 1) The core working part of the ultrasonic atomization technology is an atomization sheet or a micropore mesh screen, and the atomization function is invalid because heavy components and impurities in high-viscosity liquid are easy to attach and block micropores, so that the technology is difficult to successfully atomize diesel into particles meeting the requirements through practical test verification; 2) The pressure atomizing nozzle technology and the gas auxiliary atomizing technology both rely on pressure difference or gas shearing force to realize liquid crushing, but are influenced by strong intermolecular force of high-viscosity liquid, the particle size of the prepared diesel oil spray particles is generally between 30 mu m and 800 mu m, and is far higher than the critical particle size of aerosol of 10 mu m, so that effective aerosol cannot be formed; 3) The plasma atomization technology is that liquid is ionized to form aerosol through high-frequency high-voltage electricity, but the high-frequency high-voltage environment ionizes diesel oil and simultaneously causes ignition of the diesel oil aerosol very easily, so that serious potential safety hazards exist, and stable and safe atomization operation cannot be realized. In summary, the particle size requirement, the safety requirement and the stability requirement of the preparation of the high-viscosity liquid aerosol are difficult to be considered in the prior art, and aiming at the superfine aerosol preparation requirement of the high-viscosity combustible liquid such as diesel oil, no mature and reliable technical scheme exists at present, so that a novel aerosol emission device with strong adaptability, stable performance and safety and controllability needs to be developed. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problems of providing a multi-mode self-priming superfine aerosol emission device and a control method thereof, which can realize full-coverage adaptation of low-viscosity to high-viscosity liquid, ensure that the atomization particle size reaches the standard, and have stable and safe operation, high control precision and convenient operation. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: 1. Multi-mode self-suction superfine aerosol transmitting device The invention provides a multi-mode self-priming superfine aerosol emission device which mainly comprises a composite atomization module, a liquid supply module, a cone angle adjusting module, a particle size detecting module and a control module; The composite atomizing module comprises a Laval nozzle 1, an air inlet end 2, a throat pipe 3 and an injection end 4 are sequentially arranged in the Laval nozzle 1 from top to bottom, a left liquid inlet end 5 and a right liquid inlet end 7 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the Laval nozzle 1, the left liquid inlet end 5 is communicated with the injection end 4 through a first liquid inlet flow passage 6, the right liquid inlet end 7 is communicated with the throat pipe 3 through a second liquid inlet flow passage 8, the air inlet end 2 is connected with an air supply device 11 through an air supply pipeline 23, and a pressure regulating valve 24 is arr