Search

CN-121972327-A - Modularized low-cost membrane electrode ultrasonic spraying preparation system based on general motion control framework

CN121972327ACN 121972327 ACN121972327 ACN 121972327ACN-121972327-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing of electrochemical energy conversion devices, and discloses a modularized low-cost membrane electrode ultrasonic spraying preparation system based on a general motion control framework, which comprises a motion control subsystem, an ultrasonic atomization subsystem, a precise liquid supply subsystem and a constant-temperature vacuum adsorption carrier subsystem, wherein the motion control subsystem comprises a triaxial laser engraving machine and a lifting module, the ultrasonic atomization subsystem comprises an ultrasonic nozzle and an ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic nozzle is a40 kHz, 60kHz or 120kHz gathering nozzle, and comprises a piezoelectric ceramic transducer, an amplitude transformer and an atomization surface, and the ultrasonic generator is electrically connected with the ultrasonic nozzle through a multi-needle interface of an ultrasonic power cable. The core components of the whole set of system have low purchase cost which is only 25% -35% of that of the traditional commercial ultrasonic spraying equipment, wherein the cost of a motion system is reduced by more than 70%, the cost of a control system is reduced by more than 80%, and the cost of a liquid supply system is reduced by more than 80%.

Inventors

  • HAO LIANG
  • LI JUNJIE
  • DOU SHAOJUN
  • WANG HE

Assignees

  • 上海理工大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260317

Claims (7)

  1. 1. The modularized low-cost membrane electrode ultrasonic spraying preparation system based on the general motion control framework is characterized by comprising a motion control subsystem, an ultrasonic atomization subsystem, a precise liquid supply subsystem and a constant-temperature vacuum adsorption carrier subsystem; The motion control subsystem comprises a triaxial laser engraving machine and a lifting module, the ultrasonic atomization subsystem comprises an ultrasonic nozzle (4) and an ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic nozzle (4) is a 40kHz, 60kHz or 120kHz gathering nozzle, the ultrasonic generator comprises a piezoelectric ceramic transducer, an amplitude transformer and an atomization surface, and the ultrasonic generator is electrically connected with the ultrasonic nozzle (4) through an ultrasonic power cable multi-needle interface.
  2. 2. The modular low-cost membrane electrode ultrasonic spraying preparation system based on the universal motion control architecture according to claim 1, wherein the precise liquid supply subsystem comprises a microinjection pump device (1), a liquid pipeline connector (2), a corrosion-resistant pipeline and a shaping gas circuit plastic gas pipe (5), the liquid pipeline connector (2) is used for connecting an injector and the corrosion-resistant pipeline, the corrosion-resistant pipeline is a Teflon hose, the other end of the corrosion-resistant pipeline is communicated with the tail of an ultrasonic nozzle (4), and an interface of the shaping gas circuit plastic gas pipe (5) is connected with an air compressor.
  3. 3. The modular low-cost membrane electrode ultrasonic spraying preparation system based on the universal motion control framework according to claim 1 is characterized in that the constant-temperature vacuum adsorption carrier subsystem comprises a vacuum heating platform (6), a heating power line (7), a vacuum pipeline connection and a PID temperature control device (8), wherein the vacuum heating platform (6) is made of porous aluminum alloy or sintered copper, a vacuum flow channel is arranged in the vacuum heating platform (6), the heating power line (7) and the vacuum pipeline connection are respectively communicated with the vacuum heating platform (6), the PID temperature control device (8) is connected with the vacuum heating platform (6), and the modular low-cost membrane electrode ultrasonic spraying preparation system further comprises a control module, wherein the control module comprises an Arduino main control board, a CNC SHIELD expansion board and a stepping motor driver.
  4. 4. The modular low-cost membrane electrode ultrasonic spray coating preparation system based on a universal motion control architecture according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum heating platform (6) comprises a porous vapor layer (61), a heating layer (62), a heat preservation layer (63) and a vacuum flow channel distribution layer (64), wherein the porous vapor layer (61) is arranged above the vacuum heating platform (6), the heating layer (62) is arranged below the porous vapor layer (61), the heat preservation layer (63) is arranged below the heating layer (62), and the vacuum flow channel distribution layer (64) is arranged above the heat preservation layer (63).
  5. 5. The modular low-cost membrane electrode ultrasonic spray preparation system based on a universal motion control architecture of claim 1, wherein the triaxial laser engraving machine is constructed from 2020/2040 aluminum profile.
  6. 6. A method for preparing a membrane electrode by ultrasonic spraying based on the system of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of: (1) Preparing slurry, namely weighing Pt/C catalyst, nafion solution, isopropanol and deionized water according to a proportion, controlling the I/C ratio of the Nafion solution to the catalyst to be 0.9-1.2, and dispersing the mixture in ice water for 30 minutes through ultrasonic waves, wherein the volume ratio of the isopropanol to the deionized water is 1:3, so as to form uniform catalyst slurry; (2) The substrate pretreatment, namely flatly laying a proton exchange membrane on a vacuum heating platform (6), connecting and starting a vacuum diaphragm pump through a heating power line (7) and a vacuum pipeline, enabling negative pressure to act on the proton exchange membrane through a vacuum flow channel distribution (64) and a porous vapor-uniformizing layer (61), adsorbing the proton exchange membrane to be flat, and operating a PID temperature control device (8) to raise the temperature of the vacuum heating platform (6) to 80 ℃; (3) Parameter setting, namely drawing a pattern of an active region of a membrane electrode in Lightburn software, starting an overscan mode to set a non-working stroke of 1-2mm, setting a filling mode, a line spacing of 2mm and a movement speed of 3000mm/min, and adjusting a Z-axis lifting module to enable the distance between an ultrasonic nozzle (4) and a proton exchange membrane to be 4cm; (4) The preparation of spraying comprises the steps of filling catalyst slurry into a syringe and fixing the catalyst slurry in a microinjection pump device (1), connecting a corrosion-resistant pipeline with the syringe through a liquid pipeline connector (2), setting the liquid supply flow rate of the microinjection pump device (1) to be 0.2mL/min, starting an ultrasonic generator through an ultrasonic power cable multi-needle interface (3), and starting an air compressor to keep the molding air pressure at a molding air channel plastic air pipe interface (5) to be 0.02MPa; (5) And (3) multilayer deposition, namely running Lightburn software, controlling an XYZ triaxial laser engraving machine to drive an ultrasonic nozzle (4) to execute an arched spraying path, rotating the nozzle by 90 degrees for cross spraying after single-layer spraying, repeating 20-40 times of circulation until the platinum loading reaches 0.4mg/cm <2 >, and enabling the solvent to flash and dry at the temperature of 80 ℃ of a vacuum heating platform (6) during the period, so that the coating is prevented from cracking.
  7. 7. The ultrasonic spray coating preparation method of the membrane electrode according to claim 6, wherein the step gradient catalyst layer preparation in the step (5) can be realized through stopping liquid exchange, when the bottom layer is sprayed, the microinjection pump device (1) is loaded with high I/C ratio (1.2-1.5) slurry, 50 layers are sprayed, the injector is replaced after suspension, 100 layers are sprayed with standard I/C ratio slurry, the injector is replaced again, 50 layers are sprayed with high PTFE content hydrophobic slurry, and the gradient catalyst layer with functional areas is formed.

Description

Modularized low-cost membrane electrode ultrasonic spraying preparation system based on general motion control framework Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical energy conversion device manufacturing, in particular to a modularized low-cost membrane electrode ultrasonic spraying preparation system based on a universal motion control framework. Background In the global energy clean low-carbon transformation background, the strategic position of the hydrogen energy as a zero-emission energy carrier is highlighted, and the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a core device for utilizing the hydrogen energy, and the performance and the cost of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell depend on the preparation quality of a membrane electrode. The membrane electrode is used as the heart of the fuel cell and consists of a proton exchange membrane, a catalytic layer and a gas diffusion layer, and electrochemical reaction needs to occur at the three-phase interface of the catalytic layer, so that the uniformity, pore structure and component distribution of the catalytic layer directly influence the power density and durability of the cell. The main stream of the preparation method of the membrane electrode comprises a transfer printing method, a knife coating method, a screen printing method and a spraying method, wherein the ultrasonic spraying technology is the first choice for scientific research and pilot scale because of the advantages, firstly, the high material utilization rate is realized, the piezoelectric ceramic high-frequency vibration (20 kHz-120 kHz) is utilized to atomize the slurry into micron-sized liquid drops, the transmission efficiency is more than 95%, the overspray waste of the traditional pneumatic spraying is avoided, secondly, the uniformity of the coating is good, the particle size distribution of the liquid drops is narrow, a compact film with controllable thickness (as low as tens of nanometers) can be formed, and thirdly, the anti-agglomeration characteristic is realized, and the sedimentation agglomeration of nano catalyst particles is prevented by ultrasonic vibration. The existing commercial ultrasonic spraying equipment has the obvious defects that the cost is high, the price of basic equipment is 15 ten thousand-50 ten thousand yuan, the maintenance cost is high, an admission threshold is formed for a scientific research team with limited expenditure, the system is closed, a 'black box' control system is adopted, only preset parameter adjustment is supported, leading edge process exploration of a functional gradient catalytic layer and the like cannot be met, the maintenance is difficult, the complete machine is required to return to a factory due to high-integration design, and the requirements of 'quick iteration, follow-up repair' of a laboratory are different. Therefore, there is a need to develop a low cost, modular, open source controllable ultrasonic spray solution that reduces the membrane electrode research threshold. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a modularized low-cost membrane electrode ultrasonic spraying preparation system based on a general motion control framework, which aims to solve the problems in the background art. In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides the technical scheme that the modularized low-cost membrane electrode ultrasonic spraying preparation system based on the general motion control framework comprises a motion control subsystem, an ultrasonic atomization subsystem, a precise liquid supply subsystem and a constant-temperature vacuum adsorption carrier subsystem; the motion control subsystem comprises a triaxial laser engraving machine and a lifting module, the ultrasonic atomization subsystem comprises an ultrasonic nozzle and an ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic nozzle is a 40kHz, 60kHz or 120kHz gathering nozzle and comprises a piezoelectric ceramic transducer, an amplitude transformer and an atomization surface, and the ultrasonic generator is electrically connected with the ultrasonic nozzle through an ultrasonic power cable multi-needle interface. As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the precise liquid supply subsystem comprises a microinjection pump device, a liquid pipeline connector, a corrosion-resistant pipeline and a shaping air circuit plastic air pipe, wherein the liquid pipeline connector is used for connecting an injector and the corrosion-resistant pipeline, the corrosion-resistant pipeline is a Teflon hose, the other end of the corrosion-resistant pipeline is communicated with the tail part of an ultrasonic nozzle, and an interface of the shaping air circuit plastic air pipe is connected with an air compressor. As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the constant-temperature vacuum adsorption carrier subsystem comprises a vacuum heating platform, a heating power line, a vacuum pipeline c