Search

CN-121972694-A - Self-tuning tool bit system and preparation method thereof

CN121972694ACN 121972694 ACN121972694 ACN 121972694ACN-121972694-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a self-tuning tool bit system and a preparation method thereof. In the case of self-tuning bit systems, they include a bit, a shank, and a shank. The cutter bar is internally provided with a cavity extending along the axial direction of the cutter bar, the cavity is filled with a nonlinear viscoelastic polymer, and at least one inertial mass block is mixed in the nonlinear viscoelastic polymer. In specific application, the rigidity of the nonlinear viscoelastic polymer is adaptively adjusted along with the change of the vibration frequency, so that the main vibration frequency of the cutter bar can be matched and offset in real time, and the inertial mass block generates inertial force opposite to the vibration direction of the cutter bar in the vibration process, so that the vibration reduction effect is further enhanced, the efficient and dynamic vibration suppression is realized, and the processing stability and the service life of the cutter head are obviously improved.

Inventors

  • TANG SHUAI
  • ZHANG HAILIN

Assignees

  • 苏州鼎锐切削技术有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260319

Claims (7)

  1. 1. The self-tuning tool bit system comprises a tool bit, a tool shank and a tool shank, wherein the tool shank is used for being connected to a machine tool spindle, the tool shank is mounted on the tool shank and used for fixing the tool bit, and the self-tuning tool bit system is characterized in that a cavity extending along the axial direction of the tool shank is formed in the tool shank, a nonlinear viscoelastic polymer is filled in the cavity, and at least one inertial mass block is mixed in the nonlinear viscoelastic polymer.
  2. 2. The self-tuning bit system of claim 1, wherein in an operational state, the inertial mass produces inertial vibration in the non-linear viscoelastic polymer opposite to a vibration direction of the bit shaft, and wherein a stiffness of the non-linear viscoelastic polymer is adaptively adjusted as a vibration frequency of the inertial mass changes.
  3. 3. The self-tuning bit system of claim 2, wherein the non-linear viscoelastic polymer has a positive correlation of increasing storage modulus with increasing operating frequency and a loss factor of not less than 0.2.
  4. 4. The self-tuning tool bit system of claim 2, wherein the inertial mass block is spherical tungsten alloy particles with micro-nano structures on the surfaces, the particle size is 1-5 mm, and the micro-nano structures are regularly arranged micro-scale grooves or nano-scale protrusions.
  5. 5. The self-tuning bit system of claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the cavity includes, but is not limited to, circular, elliptical, square, or polygonal, and the inner wall of the cavity is provided with helical channels to direct the flow of the non-linear viscoelastic polymer during vibration.
  6. 6. The self-tuning tool bit system of claim 1, wherein the tool shank is made of a high strength aluminum alloy or titanium alloy, and an outer wall thereof is coated with a damping coating having a loss factor of not less than 0.3 over an operating frequency range and forming a dual damping mechanism with the non-linear viscoelastic polymer.
  7. 7. A method of manufacturing a self-tuning bit system for forming a self-tuning bit system according to any one of claims 1-6, The nonlinear viscoelastic polymer comprises, by weight, 50-60 parts of butyl rubber, 15-25 parts of liquid paraffin oil, 10-15 parts of carbon black, 5-10 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 2-5 parts of zinc oxide, 1-3 parts of stearic acid and 0.5-2 parts of sulfur; the preparation method of the self-tuning tool bit system comprises the following steps: S1, putting the butyl rubber into an open mill, plasticating until the Mooney viscosity is 40-60, and then sequentially adding the liquid paraffin oil, the carbon black, the nano silicon dioxide, the zinc oxide and the stearic acid, and mixing until the liquid paraffin oil, the carbon black, the nano silicon dioxide, the zinc oxide and the stearic acid are uniformly dispersed; s2, adding the sulfur into the mixture obtained in the step S1, and continuously mixing for 3-5 minutes to obtain a mixed rubber; S3, uniformly dispersing at least one inertia mass block in the rubber compound obtained in the step S2 to form a sizing material containing the mass block; S4, directly filling the sizing material obtained in the step S3 into a cavity of the cutter bar, or embedding the sizing material into the cavity after prefabricating a sizing material blank matched with the cavity in shape; S5, placing the cutter bar in a vulcanization mold, and vulcanizing for 15-20 minutes at 160-170 ℃ and under 10-15 MPa until the sizing material is vulcanized and formed in the cavity; S6, fixedly mounting the cutter handle at one end of the cutter bar in a threaded connection, welding or interference fit mode, clamping and fixing the cutter head at the clamping end of the cutter handle, and completing the assembly of the self-tuning cutter head system.

Description

Self-tuning tool bit system and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a self-tuning tool bit system and a preparation method thereof. Background In the field of machining, cutting vibration is a key factor affecting machining accuracy, surface quality, and production efficiency. In order to restrain vibration, vibration-damping tool bits are widely adopted in the prior art, and the core principle is that a passive damper is arranged in a tool bar, so that the vibration-damping purpose is achieved by consuming vibration energy. Conventional vibration-damped tool heads have experienced several stages of development. The fourth generation vibration damping tool bit is usually provided with a heavy metal mass block supported by a rubber ring in the tool bar, and is filled with damping oil. The vibration energy with specific frequency is absorbed through pre-tuning, but the elastic modulus of the rubber ring has no self-adaptive capability along with the change of frequency, and can only adapt to a fixed frequency interval, and cannot adapt to the vibration frequency which dynamically changes in the processing process. Furthermore, the fifth generation vibration damping cutter head improves the vibration damping cutter head, and polymer materials with rigidity changing along with frequency are adopted to replace rubber rings. Although the vibration reduction effect is improved compared with the fourth generation, the dynamic and real-time matching of the vibration frequency which continuously fluctuates in the processing process can not be realized, and the vibration reduction performance under the complex working condition is still limited. Thus, a technician is required to solve the above problems. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a self-tuning tool bit system, which aims to solve the problems that a vibration reduction tool bit in the existing design cannot adapt to dynamically-changed vibration frequency under complex and changeable processing working conditions. The invention relates to a self-tuning tool bit system which comprises a tool bit, a tool shank and a tool shank, wherein the tool shank is used for being connected to a machine tool spindle, the tool shank is arranged on the tool shank and used for fixing the tool bit, a cavity extending along the axial direction of the tool shank is formed in the tool shank, a nonlinear viscoelastic polymer is filled in the cavity, and at least one inertial mass block is mixed in the nonlinear viscoelastic polymer. As a further improvement of the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, in the working state, the inertial mass block generates inertial vibration in the nonlinear viscoelastic polymer in the direction opposite to the vibration direction of the cutter bar, and the rigidity of the nonlinear viscoelastic polymer is adaptively adjusted along with the change of the vibration frequency of the inertial mass block. As a further improvement of the disclosed technical scheme, the storage modulus of the nonlinear viscoelastic polymer increases in positive correlation with the increase of the working frequency, and the loss factor is not lower than 0.2. As a further improvement of the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the inertia mass block is preferably spherical tungsten alloy particles with micro-nano structures on the surfaces, the particle size is 1-5 mm, and the micro-nano structures are regularly arranged micro-scale grooves or nano-scale protrusions. As a further improvement of the disclosed solution, the cross section of the cavity includes, but is not limited to, a circle, an ellipse, a square or a polygon, and the inner wall of the cavity is provided with a spiral-shaped diversion trench to guide the flow of the nonlinear viscoelastic polymer during the vibration process. As a further improvement of the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the cutter bar is made of high-strength aluminum alloy or titanium alloy, the outer wall of the cutter bar is coated with a damping coating, the loss factor of the damping coating is not lower than 0.3 in the working frequency range, and a double damping mechanism is formed by the nonlinear viscoelastic polymer. Furthermore, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the self-tuning tool bit system, which is used for forming the self-tuning tool bit system and is characterized in that, The nonlinear viscoelastic polymer comprises, by weight, 50-60 parts of butyl rubber, 15-25 parts of liquid paraffin oil, 10-15 parts of carbon black, 5-10 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 2-5 parts of zinc oxide, 1-3 parts of stearic acid and 0.5-2 parts of sulfur; the preparation method of the self-tuning tool bit system comprises the following steps: S1, putting butyl rubber into an open mill, plasticating until the Mooney viscosity is 40-60, then sequentially adding liquid paraffin oil, carbon black,