CN-121972700-A - Built-in heavy-load chuck

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machining clamping equipment, in particular to a built-in heavy-load chuck which is suitable for stable clamping in the machining process of heavy workpieces and particularly meets the precision machining requirements under the working conditions of high weight and high load. The chuck comprises a chuck body, at least one jaw assembly, a reinforcing screw rod end cover, at least 4 jaw bolts and a clamping jaw bolt, wherein the at least one jaw assembly is provided with at least one T-shaped groove, the jaw assembly comprises a jaw and a T-shaped sliding block, the reinforcing screw rod is in transmission connection with the T-shaped sliding block, the reinforcing screw rod end cover is fixedly arranged on the chuck body and corresponds to the end part of the reinforcing screw rod and is used for bearing reverse thrust generated when the reinforcing screw rod drives the T-shaped sliding block, the at least 4 jaw bolts penetrate through the jaw and are in threaded connection with the T-shaped sliding block, and after the jaw bolts are screwed down, the jaw and the T-shaped sliding block can clamp the side wall of the T-shaped groove of the chuck body together to form static friction resistance so as to share the total bearing capacity of the chuck.

Inventors

• ZHAO SHUJUN
• JING WEI
• YANG XIAOWEI
• LIU YUGANG

Assignees

• 烟台友鸿自动化设备有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20260130

Claims (10)

1. 1. A built-in heavy duty chuck, comprising: a chuck body provided with at least one T-shaped groove; The clamping jaw assembly comprises a clamping jaw and a T-shaped sliding block, the T-shaped sliding block is fixedly connected with the clamping jaw, and the T-shaped sliding block is fit into a T-shaped groove of the chuck body and can slide along the T-shaped groove; the reinforcement screw rod is in transmission connection with the T-shaped sliding block and is used for driving the T-shaped sliding block to drive the clamping jaw to approach or depart from a workpiece so as to clamp or loosen the workpiece; the reinforcement screw rod end cover is fixedly arranged on the chuck body and is arranged corresponding to the end part of the reinforcement screw rod and used for bearing reverse thrust generated when the reinforcement screw rod drives the T-shaped sliding block; At least 4 jack catch bolts penetrate through the jack catch and are in threaded connection with the T-shaped sliding block, after the jack catch bolts are screwed up, the jack catch and the T-shaped sliding block can clamp the side wall of the T-shaped groove of the chuck body together, and static friction resistance is formed to share the total bearing capacity of the chuck.
2. 2. The built-in reload chuck according to claim 1 wherein said reinforcing screw end cap is connected to said chuck body by at least 4 fastening bolts.
3. 3. The built-in reload chuck of claim 1 further comprising at least one shear pin disposed on said reinforcement wire end cap.
4. 4. The built-in heavy load chuck according to claim 1, wherein the number of T-shaped grooves of the chuck body is four, the number of jaw assemblies is four, and the four jaw assemblies are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the chuck body.
5. 5. The built-in heavy load chuck according to claim 4, wherein 4 groups of bonding surfaces are formed among the clamping jaw, the T-shaped sliding block and the T-shaped groove of the chuck body, and the coefficient of static friction resistance of the bonding surfaces is 0.8-1.2.
6. 6. The built-in heavy load chuck according to claim 1, wherein the static friction resistance formed after tightening the jaw bolts can share 60% -70% of the total load capacity of the chuck.
7. 7. The built-in heavy load chuck according to claim 1, wherein the number of the jaw bolts is 4-16, and the jaw bolts are arranged at symmetrical positions between both ends of the jaw and symmetrical both ends of the middle position.
8. 8. The built-in heavy load chuck according to claim 1, wherein when the number of the jaw bolts exceeds 6, the static friction resistance is accumulated by 20% of the pulling force of the jaw bolts every 1 jaw bolt is added from the 7 th branch.
9. 9. The built-in heavy load chuck according to claim 1, wherein the chuck body has an elastic modulus at maximum alternating load condition of 25% -50% of its overall elastic modulus.
10. 10. The built-in heavy load chuck according to claim 9, wherein the chuck body has an elastic modulus at maximum alternating load condition of 35% of its overall elastic modulus.

Description

Built-in heavy-load chuck Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of machining clamping equipment, in particular to a built-in heavy-load chuck which is suitable for stable clamping in the machining process of heavy workpieces and particularly meets the precision machining requirements under the working conditions of high weight and high load. Background In the field of machining, heavy-duty chucks are core clamping members in the machining process of heavy workpieces (such as large-sized mechanical parts, heavy equipment components and the like), and the performance of the heavy-duty chucks directly affects the machining precision and the production safety. The existing heavy-load chuck generally adopts a basic structure of a claw and a reinforcing screw rod, and clamping and loosening of a workpiece are realized by driving the claw through the reinforcing screw rod. The clamping mechanism has the obvious defects that firstly, the load bearing pressure of the reinforcing screw is overlarge, the weight of a workpiece, dynamic load in the processing process and clamping counterforce directly act on the reinforcing screw, so that the reinforcing screw is easy to deform, break and other damages, the service life and the use safety of a chuck are seriously influenced, secondly, the clamping stability is insufficient, the clamping jaw and the matching surface of the chuck body are easy to slide relatively under a heavy load working condition, so that the workpiece clamping loosens, further the processing precision is influenced, thirdly, an overload protection mechanism is imperfect, and when abnormal overload occurs, an effective buffer protection structure is lacked, the integral parts of the chuck are easy to be damaged in a linkage way, and the maintenance cost is higher. The prior external chuck is shown in fig. 2, and the stress transmission path of the prior external chuck is that the weight of a workpiece and various dynamic loads generated in the working process are directly transmitted to a reinforcing screw rod and a claw base through a claw, and the load of the claw base is further acted on a T-shaped groove of a chuck body through a base fixing bolt and finally transmitted to the chuck body and a main shaft. However, the transmission path has the obvious defects that the reinforcing screw rod is used as a core transmission component, the load resistance is relatively limited, the reinforcing screw rod can bear excessive load for a long time by adopting the direct transmission mode, and the reinforcing screw rod is easy to cause deformation, abrasion, fracture and other damages, so that the overall clamping stability of the chuck is reduced, and the service life is shortened. In addition, fig. 2 shows the state in which the external chuck is stationary, and the weight of the workpiece and the weight eccentricity are applied to the 6-point position in the stationary state. At this time, the 6-point position is subjected to the largest static force. The stress path at the moment is work piece- & gt claw- & gt reinforcing screw- & gt claw base- & gt T-shaped bolt- & gt T-shaped groove- & gt chuck body. And the clamping forces of the 3-point and 9-point positions on the workpiece are balanced, and the sizes are equal and opposite. The 12-point direction is only the clamping force. The alternating load is set to be equal to the clamping force of the four clamping jaws. The total stress of the 6 points is that the clamping force, the weight of the workpiece, the rotary centrifugal force and the processing impact load are all applied to the positions of 3 points and 9 points, and the positions of the 6 points are in a failure state, and the weight of the workpiece, the rotary centrifugal force, the processing impact load and the clamping force of 12 points are all applied to the positions of 3 points and 9 points. The T-shaped bolts at the 3 point and the 9 point bear the maximum shearing force, and the T-shaped bolts close to the center of the chuck bear the maximum force. The relative spatial position of the clamping jaw and the chuck body can generate elastic deformation under various load stresses, and all deformation amounts are in an overlapped state. All structural features must be subjected to the greatest load due to the structural limitations of the external chuck. Therefore, a heavy-duty chuck capable of effectively sharing the load of the reinforcing screw rod, improving the clamping stability and having a reliable protection mechanism is needed to solve the defects in the prior art. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the technical defects of high bearing pressure, easy damage, insufficient clamping stability and overload protection deficiency of the existing heavy-load chuck reinforcing screw rod, and provides a built-in heavy-load chuck which realizes multiple functions of load sharing, stable clamping and overload protection by optimizing structural de