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CN-121972758-A - High-strength and high-toughness arc fuse additive rare earth magnesium alloy component and preparation method thereof

CN121972758ACN 121972758 ACN121972758 ACN 121972758ACN-121972758-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of metal additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a high-strength and high-toughness arc fuse additive rare earth magnesium alloy component and a preparation method thereof. The high-strength and high-toughness arc fuse additive rare earth magnesium alloy component comprises, by mass, 7.0-7.4% of gadolinium, 0.6-1.0% of yttrium, 0.4-0.5% of zirconium and the balance of Mg, wherein unavoidable impurities are less than or equal to 0.03%. The high-strength and high-toughness arc fuse material-increasing rare earth magnesium alloy component has the yield strength and the tensile strength of more than 230 MPa and 340 MPa respectively and the elongation rate of more than 19 percent, and can meet the application requirements of a lightweight structural component on high specific strength and high ductility.

Inventors

  • GUAN KAI
  • MOU LIMING
  • WANG HUIYUAN
  • WANG CHENG
  • ZHA MIN
  • YANG ZHIZHENG

Assignees

  • 吉林大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260120

Claims (7)

  1. 1. The high-strength and high-toughness arc fuse additive rare earth magnesium alloy component is characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) The method comprises the steps of preparing a wire, namely smelting alloy, weighing pure magnesium, mg-Zr intermediate alloy, mg-Gd intermediate alloy and Mg-Y intermediate alloy according to mass percentage, heating and smelting dried pure magnesium at 700-720 ℃ in a protective atmosphere, adding the Mg-Gd intermediate alloy and the Mg-Y intermediate alloy after the pure magnesium is completely smelted, raising the temperature to 740-760 ℃, adding the Mg-Zr intermediate alloy, reducing the temperature to 725-735 ℃ after the pure magnesium is completely smelted, refining, obtaining a Mg-Gd-Y-Zr magnesium rare earth alloy cast ingot after gravity casting at 700-710 ℃, homogenizing heat treatment, turning, extrusion and multi-pass heat drawing to obtain a magnesium alloy wire, wherein the homogenizing heat treatment is that the temperature is 450-480 ℃, the extrusion speed is 7-10 mm/s, the extrusion ratio is 30:1, the drawing heat treatment is that the drawing temperature is 5-20 times, the temperature is 400-450 ℃, the magnesium is that the magnesium is 2-99.99% of the mixed gas, the magnesium alloy is that the volume ratio is not 2.99% of magnesium is 0.99-2% and the mixed gas is equal to or less than 0.99% of magnesium, and the mixed gas is equal to or less than 0.0.0% of the volume percentage of the wire, and the diameter of the wire is not equal to 0.99-0.99% of the magnesium alloy is 0.0% to 2% of the rest volume percent; (2) The method comprises the steps of preprocessing a substrate, namely adopting fine sand paper to polish the surface of a magnesium alloy substrate, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol and drying to obtain a preprocessed substrate, wherein the magnesium alloy substrate is one of AZ31, AZ51, ZK60 or ZK61 magnesium alloy; (3) Fixing the pretreated substrate obtained in the step (2) on a workbench, and performing zigzag oscillating reciprocating type additive manufacturing, solid solution, water quenching and aging treatment on the magnesium alloy wire obtained in the step (1) on the pretreated substrate obtained in the step (2) to obtain a high-strength and high-toughness arc fuse additive rare earth magnesium alloy component; the zigzag swing reciprocating additive manufacturing of each layer of arc fuses comprises the steps that under protective atmosphere, the protective gas is high-purity argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.99 percent or mixed gas of argon and helium and CO 2 and argon, wherein the volume ratio of the argon to the helium is 1.5-3:7-8.5, and the volume ratio of the CO 2 to the argon is 2-5:95-98, and the protective gas flow is 10-28L/min; the welding gun has a saw-tooth motion track, a swing amplitude of 0.9-1.3 mm, a swing length of 2.0-2.5 mm, a swing frequency of 17.0-18.0 Hz, a distance between the welding gun and a substrate of 15-25 mm, a wire feeding speed of 5.5-6.5 m/min, a welding current of 120-140A, a voltage of 14-25V, cooling to 25-60 ℃ after one layer of additive manufacturing is completed, then performing the next layer of additive manufacturing, setting a starting point of each layer of additive manufacturing at an end point of the upper layer of additive manufacturing, performing the cyclic reciprocating additive manufacturing, wherein the solid solution is performed by heat preservation at 415-440 ℃ for 1.5-3.5 h, the aging treatment is performed by heat preservation at 190-210 ℃ for 50-75 h, the high-toughness fuse additive rare earth magnesium alloy component mainly comprises gadolinium of 7.0-7.4%, yttrium of 0.6-1.4%, and the balance zirconium alloy of which the strength is not greater than 37.03-35% and the strength of magnesium alloy is not greater than the high-toughness of the alloy, according to mass percentage, the yield strength is greater than 230 MPa, the elongation is greater than 19%, the grain size of the component after arc fuse additive manufacturing is 8-12 mu m, the second phase area fraction is only 0.6% -0.9%, and the basal plane texture strength is 1.2-1.9.
  2. 2. The high-strength and high-toughness arc fuse additive rare earth magnesium alloy component of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the magnesium alloy wire in the step (1) is phi 1.2-2.0 mm.
  3. 3. The high-strength and high-toughness arc fuse additive rare earth magnesium alloy component of claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the advancing speed of a welding gun is 19-21 mm/s, the welding current is 125-135A, and the welding voltage is 15-20V.
  4. 4. The high strength and toughness arc fuse additive rare earth magnesium alloy component according to claim 1, wherein each layer of the additive manufactured in the step (3) is cooled to 30-50 ℃.
  5. 5. The high-strength and high-toughness arc fuse additive rare earth magnesium alloy component of claim 1, wherein the swing amplitude of the step (3) is 1.1-1.2 mm, the swing length is 2.2-2.4 mm, and the swing frequency is 17.3-17.8 Hz.
  6. 6. The high-strength and high-toughness arc fuse additive rare earth magnesium alloy component of claim 1, wherein the solid solution in the step (3) is carried out at 420-430 ℃ for 2-3 hours, and the aging treatment is carried out at 195-205 ℃ for 60-70 hours.
  7. 7. The high-strength and high-toughness arc fuse additive rare earth magnesium alloy component according to claim 1, wherein the tensile strength of the high-strength and high-toughness arc fuse additive rare earth magnesium alloy component in the step (3) is more than or equal to 355 MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 235 MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 19.3%.

Description

High-strength and high-toughness arc fuse additive rare earth magnesium alloy component and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of additive manufacturing, and particularly relates to a high-strength and high-toughness arc fuse additive rare earth magnesium alloy component and a preparation method thereof. Background The demand for light and high-strength structural materials in the fields of automobiles, aerospace and the like is increasingly urgent. Magnesium and its alloy are considered as one of important candidate materials for realizing the light weight of the structure due to low density, high specific strength and excellent damping performance, and have wide engineering application prospect. At present, the preparation of the high-performance magnesium alloy component mainly depends on multi-pass thermal deformation processes such as forging, rolling, extrusion and the like. The process generally requires complex die design and multi-step processing, has long manufacturing period and high cost, is limited in freedom of the shape of the component, is difficult to efficiently prepare the integrated structural component with complex geometric characteristics, and meanwhile, has the defects of insufficient activatable sliding system due to the strong basal surface texture, so that deformation coordination is further restricted. In contrast, cast forming has certain advantages in terms of complex component manufacturing. However, in the existing cast magnesium alloy, coarse grains and continuously distributed grain boundary second phases are easy to cause stress concentration and early crack initiation, so that the plasticity of the material is obviously limited under the room temperature condition. Therefore, the magnesium alloy component prepared by the traditional casting process is easy to obviously reduce in plasticity while strength is improved, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the magnesium alloy component is difficult to meet the application requirement of the high-end structural component on the cooperative improvement of strength and plasticity. Under the condition of reducing the cost, on the premise of keeping casting forming or near net forming and avoiding complex multi-step processing technology, the solidification and tissue evolution behavior of the alloy is effectively regulated and controlled, the remarkable refinement of the grain size, the effective weakening of the texture strength and the dispersion and refinement distribution of the second phase are realized, so that the stress concentration is reduced and the deformation coordination is improved on the microstructure level, the plasticity of the material is remarkably improved while the strengthening effect is ensured, a component with a simple structure and a complex structure can be formed, and finally the magnesium alloy material with the synergistic optimization of the strength and the plasticity is a technical problem to be solved at present. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a high-strength and high-toughness arc fuse additive rare earth magnesium alloy component, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) The method comprises the steps of preparing a wire, namely smelting alloy, weighing pure magnesium, mg-Zr intermediate alloy, mg-Gd intermediate alloy and Mg-Y intermediate alloy according to mass percentage, heating and smelting dried pure magnesium at 700-720 ℃ in a protective atmosphere, adding the Mg-Gd intermediate alloy and the Mg-Y intermediate alloy after the pure magnesium is completely smelted, raising the temperature to 740-760 ℃, adding the Mg-Zr intermediate alloy, reducing the temperature to 725-735 ℃ after the pure magnesium is completely smelted, refining, obtaining a Mg-Gd-Y-Zr magnesium rare earth alloy cast ingot after gravity casting at 700-710 ℃, homogenizing heat treatment, turning, extrusion and multi-pass heat drawing to obtain a magnesium alloy wire, wherein the homogenizing heat treatment is that the temperature is 450-480 ℃, the extrusion speed is 7-10 mm/s, the extrusion ratio is 30:1, the drawing heat treatment is that the drawing temperature is 5-20 times, the temperature is 400-450 ℃, the magnesium is that the magnesium is 2-99.99% of the mixed gas, the magnesium alloy is that the volume ratio is not 2.99% of magnesium is 0.99-2% and the mixed gas is equal to or less than 0.99% of magnesium, and the mixed gas is equal to or less than 0.0.0% of the volume percentage of the wire, and the diameter of the wire is not equal to 0.99-0.99% of the magnesium alloy is 0.0% to 2% of the rest volume percent; (2) The method comprises the steps of preprocessing a substrate, namely adopting fine sand paper to polish the surface of a magnesium alloy substrate, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol and drying to obtain a preprocessed substrate, wherein the magnesium alloy substrate is