CN-121972773-A - AC short circuit welding control method, device and storage medium

CN121972773ACN 121972773 ACN121972773 ACN 121972773ACN-121972773-A

Abstract

If the first short-circuit duration exceeds the preset short-circuit time threshold, or the short-circuit instantaneous current exceeds the preset short-circuit current threshold, judging that the electric welding machine is in normal short circuit, after the preset second short-circuit duration, controlling the polarity of the power supply of the electric welding machine to be switched from direct current reverse connection to direct current forward connection, and after arcing occurs, when the arcing current reaches the preset arcing current threshold, controlling the polarity of the power supply of the electric welding machine to be switched from direct forward connection to direct reverse connection; if the first short-circuit duration time does not exceed the preset short-circuit time threshold value and the short-circuit instantaneous current does not exceed the preset short-circuit current threshold value, judging that the short-circuit is abnormal, and maintaining the polarity output of the direct current reverse connection in the arcing stage until the normal short-circuit occurs. The invention can solve the technical problem of unstable welding process caused by polarity switching strategy.

Inventors

GU XIAOMAN
WANG WEI
HE SHUANGWANG
CHEN CHAO
WANG XIN
ZHANG LIWEI
ZHOU YUYANG

Assignees

唐山松下产业机器有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260319

Claims (8)

1. The alternating current short circuit welding control method is applied to a welding loop, and the welding loop comprises an electric welding machine, a wire feeder connected with the positive electrode of a power supply of the electric welding machine and a welding master piece connected with the negative electrode of the power supply of the electric welding machine, and is characterized by further comprising: Acquiring the starting time, the current time and the short-circuit instantaneous current of a short circuit between a welding wire of a wire feeder and a molten pool formed on a welding master; calculating a first short circuit duration according to the start time and the current time of the short circuit; If the first short-circuit duration exceeds a preset short-circuit time threshold value or the short-circuit instantaneous current exceeds a preset short-circuit current threshold value, judging that the electric welding machine is in normal short circuit, after the preset second short-circuit duration is passed, controlling the polarity of the power supply of the electric welding machine to be switched from direct reverse connection to direct forward connection, and after arcing occurs, when the arcing current reaches a preset arcing current threshold value, controlling the polarity of the power supply of the electric welding machine to be switched from direct forward connection to direct reverse connection; if the first short-circuit duration time does not exceed the preset short-circuit time threshold value and the short-circuit instantaneous current does not exceed the preset short-circuit current threshold value, judging that the short-circuit is abnormal, and maintaining the polarity output of the direct current reverse connection in the arcing stage until the normal short-circuit occurs.
2. The ac short circuit welding control method according to claim 1, wherein when the inductance in the welding circuit is greater than a preset inductance blocking threshold value, before the welding starts, further comprising: Acquiring a real-time loop inductance value of a welding loop; Calculating loop current according to the real-time loop inductance value, wherein the expression comprises: ; Wherein, the For the real-time loop inductance value, For the inductance blocking threshold, K is the conversion coefficient, For a preset short-circuit current threshold value, Is loop current; The loop current is replaced with a new short circuit current threshold.
3. The method for controlling AC short circuit welding according to claim 2, wherein, When the inductance in the welding loop is smaller than or equal to a preset inductance blocking threshold value, the short-circuit current threshold value is kept unchanged.
4. The ac short circuit welding control method according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising: Making the short-circuit time threshold proportional to the viscosity of the welding material and the diameter of the welding wire and inversely proportional to the welding current and the welding voltage; The short circuit current threshold is made proportional to the viscosity of the welding material and the wire diameter and inversely proportional to the welding current and the welding voltage.
5. The ac short circuit welding control method according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising: in the welding process, the welding current and the arcing current threshold value are in direct proportion, and the welding current and the second short-circuit duration time are in inverse proportion; during the welding process, the welding voltage is inversely proportional to the arcing current threshold, and the welding current is directly proportional to the second short-circuit duration.
6. An ac short circuit welding control device, comprising: the acquisition module is used for acquiring the starting time, the current time and the short-circuit instantaneous current of the short circuit between the welding wire of the wire feeder and a molten pool formed on a welding master part; the time calculation module is used for calculating a first short circuit duration according to the starting time and the current time of the short circuit; The normal short circuit control module is used for judging that the electric welder is in normal short circuit if the first short circuit duration exceeds a preset short circuit time threshold value or the short circuit instant current exceeds a preset short circuit current threshold value, after the preset second short circuit duration is passed, controlling the polarity of the power supply of the electric welder to be switched from direct current reverse connection to direct current forward connection, and after arcing occurs, when the arcing current reaches a preset arcing current threshold value, controlling the polarity of the power supply of the electric welder to be switched from direct forward connection to direct reverse connection; And the abnormal short circuit control module is used for judging that the short circuit is abnormal if the first short circuit duration time does not exceed a preset short circuit time threshold value and the short circuit instantaneous current does not exceed a preset short circuit current threshold value, and maintaining the polarity output of the direct current reverse connection in the arcing stage until the normal short circuit occurs.
7. An electronic terminal comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, which, when executed by the processor, performs the steps of the method according to any of claims 1 to 5.
8. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

Description

AC short circuit welding control method, device and storage medium Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of consumable electrode gas shielded welding, in particular to an alternating current short circuit welding control method, an alternating current short circuit welding control device and a storage medium. Background The alternating current short circuit welding is a high-efficiency welding method widely applied to sheet welding, has the main advantages of effectively reducing welding heat input, providing larger filling quantity, and being particularly suitable for welding sheets and even ultrathin sheets. In conventional ac short circuit welding processes, a specific waveform control strategy is typically employed to optimize the stability and weld quality of the welding process. In the AC short circuit welding process, the short circuit between the welding wire and the molten pool is a key link in the welding process. When the wire contacts the puddle, current flows through the short circuit path, causing droplet formation and transition. In the arcing stage, the welding power supply switches polarity, so that arc heat mainly acts on the tip of the welding wire, thereby reducing heat input of the base metal and increasing melting quantity of the welding wire. This strategy provides significant advantages in ac short circuit welding in sheet welding because lower heat input can effectively avoid excessive heating and deformation of the parent metal, while higher fill levels help to improve welding efficiency and weld quality. However, despite the advantages of ac short circuit welding, it still faces some technical challenges in practical applications, in particular the problem of unstable welding processes due to polarity switching strategies: In conventional ac short circuit welding control strategies, frequent polarity switching can result in repeated switching of the cathode spot between the wire tip and the base material, thereby affecting the stability of the welding process. In addition, since the fluctuation of the droplet at the tip of the wire is large, particularly in the ac short circuit welding process, the droplet size is generally large, so-called "micro short circuit" phenomenon is liable to occur. A micro short circuit refers to a short contact between the droplet and the puddle, but does not completely transition into the puddle, and then bounces back into the wire tip under the force of surface tension. This phenomenon may lead to an increase in instability of the welding process, thereby affecting the welding quality. Therefore, there is a need for a method, apparatus and storage medium for controlling ac short circuit welding to solve the above-mentioned problems. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide an alternating current short circuit welding control method, an alternating current short circuit welding control device and a storage medium, which can solve the technical problem of unstable welding process caused by a polarity switching strategy. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: In a first aspect, the invention provides an ac short circuit welding control method, which is applied to a welding loop, wherein the welding loop comprises an electric welding machine, a wire feeder connected with the positive electrode of a power supply of the electric welding machine, and a welding master piece connected with the negative electrode of the power supply of the electric welding machine, and the welding control method further comprises the following steps: Acquiring the starting time, the current time and the short-circuit instantaneous current of a short circuit between a welding wire of a wire feeder and a molten pool formed on a welding master; calculating a first short circuit duration according to the start time and the current time of the short circuit; If the first short-circuit duration exceeds a preset short-circuit time threshold value or the short-circuit instantaneous current exceeds a preset short-circuit current threshold value, judging that the electric welding machine is in normal short circuit, after the preset second short-circuit duration is passed, controlling the polarity of the power supply of the electric welding machine to be switched from direct reverse connection to direct forward connection, and after arcing occurs, when the arcing current reaches a preset arcing current threshold value, controlling the polarity of the power supply of the electric welding machine to be switched from direct forward connection to direct reverse connection; if the first short-circuit duration time does not exceed the preset short-circuit time threshold value and the short-circuit instantaneous current does not exceed the preset short-circuit current threshold value, judging that the short-circuit is abnormal, and maintaining the p