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CN-121972777-A - Railway wagon welding core plate, automatic welding system and method

CN121972777ACN 121972777 ACN121972777 ACN 121972777ACN-121972777-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a railway wagon welding core plate, an automatic welding system and a method, wherein the railway wagon welding core plate automatic welding method comprises the steps of presetting grooves, forming a framework of the railway wagon welding core plate in a spot welding mode, carrying out multi-layer alternating full welding operation on a left web plate and a right web plate of the framework of the railway wagon welding core plate, forming an upper left welding line, an upper left welding line and an upper left welding line on a left upper groove, a left middle groove and a left lower groove of the left web plate respectively, forming an upper right welding line, an upper right welding line and a lower right welding line on a right upper right groove, a right middle groove and a right lower groove of the right web plate respectively, and carrying out multi-circle full welding operation on a circumferential groove of a convex connecting disc to form the circumferential welding line. According to the method disclosed by the invention, as the grooves of the left web plate and the right web plate are alternately subjected to full-welding, the left web plate and the right web plate are simultaneously and alternately heated at two sides of the box base, so that the box base is uniformly heated, and the welding deformation can be reduced.

Inventors

  • WANG HAI
  • GUO YUYU
  • FANG XUE
  • LI JINGYANG
  • Jiang Foyuan
  • MENG FANYI
  • HUANG JUNHUI
  • LIU HUIBO
  • HUANG FENGLONG
  • CHEN RUINA
  • QIU QIYU
  • MENG XIN
  • GE YUNLONG

Assignees

  • 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260211

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A railway wagon weld core for connecting a wagon body and a bogie of a railway wagon, comprising: A box-shaped base (1), A convex connecting disc (2) welded on the bottom surface of the box-shaped base (1); The bogie of the railway wagon is provided with a convex connecting disc groove, and the convex connecting disc (2) is matched with the convex connecting disc groove; When the box-shaped base (1) is embedded into steel in a shape like a Chinese character 'ji' of a wagon body of the railway wagon and is connected with the wagon body, the convex connecting disc (2) can be just embedded into a convex connecting disc groove of a bogie of the railway wagon and is connected with the bogie, and therefore the wagon body of the railway wagon and the bogie are connected together through the welding center plate of the railway wagon.
  2. 2. A railway wagon weld core according to claim 1, wherein, The box-shaped base (1) comprises a left web plate (11), a right web plate (12), a top plate (13), a bottom plate (14) and two partition plates (15), The left web plate (11) and the right web plate (12) are parallel to each other, the left web plate (11) and the right web plate (12) are kept parallel through two partition plates (15), the top plate (13) and the bottom plate (14) are kept parallel through two partition plates (15), a frame is formed by surrounding the top plate and the bottom plate together, and the two partition plates (15)) are arranged in parallel to each other in the frame; when the wagon body and the bogie of the wagon are connected together through the wagon welding center plate, the left web plate (11) and the right web plate (12) of the box-shaped base (1) respectively lean against the inner walls of the left side and the right side of the steel bars.
  3. 3. A railway wagon weld core according to claim 2, wherein, The left web plate (11) and the top plate (13) are welded together through a left upper welding seam (31), the left web plate (11) and the bottom plate (14) are welded together through a left lower welding seam (32), and the left upper welding seam (31) is parallel to the left lower welding seam (32); The right web (12) and the top plate (13) are welded together through a right upper welding seam (34), the right web (12) and the bottom plate (14) are welded together through a right lower welding seam (35), and the right upper welding seam (34) is parallel to the right lower welding seam (35); The raised connection plate (2) is welded to the bottom surface of the bottom plate (14) by means of a circumferential weld seam (20).
  4. 4. A railway wagon weld core according to claim 3, wherein, The ends of the same end of the left web plate (11) and the right web plate (12) are respectively provided with a left vertical plate (161) and a right vertical plate (162), and the left vertical plate (161) and the right vertical plate (162) are coplanar and are respectively positioned at two sides of the outer end of the frame body to form the box-shaped base (1); The left web (11) and the left vertical plate (161) are welded together through a left middle welding seam (33), and two ends of the left middle welding seam (33) are respectively connected with the left upper welding seam (31) and the left lower welding seam (32) through right angles; The right web (12) and the right vertical plate (162) are welded together through a right middle welding seam (36), and two ends of the right middle welding seam (36) are respectively connected with the right upper welding seam (34) and the right lower welding seam (35) through right angles.
  5. 5. An automatic welding system for a welding core disc of a railway wagon is characterized by comprising a positioner (4) and a welding robot (5), The positioner (4) is used for installing the railway wagon welding core plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, Grooves are preset at the edges of the left web plate (11), the right web plate (12) and the convex connecting disc (2) before welding, The grooves comprise an upper left groove, a middle left groove, a lower left groove, an upper right groove, a middle right groove, a lower right groove and an annular groove (60); the welding method comprises the steps of (1) pre-arranging an upper left groove, a middle left groove and a lower left groove on the upper edge, the lower edge and the left edge of a left web plate (11) before welding, pre-arranging an upper right groove, a middle right groove and a lower right groove on the upper edge, the lower edge and the left edge of a right web plate (12) before welding, and pre-arranging an annular groove (60) on the edge of a convex connecting disc (2) before welding; The position changing machine (4) can respectively control the left web plate (11) and the right web plate (12) to sequentially and alternately face upwards to change by overturning the box-shaped base (1) so as to respectively expose an upper left groove, a middle left groove, a lower left groove and an upper right groove, a middle right groove and a lower right groove of the left web plate (11) to be welded and rotate the convex connecting disc (2) to realize the change of the annular groove (60) in the welding process; Welding robot (5) is furnished with welder (51), welding robot (5) are close to positioner (4) sets up, so that nozzle (50) of welder (51) can aim at the groove that waits to weld, form the welding seam, the welding seam includes upper left welding seam (31), lower left welding seam (32), left well welding seam (33), upper right welding seam (34), lower right welding seam (35) and right well welding seam (36) and circumference welding seam (20).
  6. 6. The automated welding system of railway freight car weld core discs as claimed in claim 5, wherein, The position changing machine (4) comprises a supporting frame (40), a box-shaped seat overturning mechanism and a convex connecting disc rotating mechanism, The box-type seat overturning mechanism comprises a first motor (41) and a first rotating shaft (410), The first motor (41) is fixed at the outer end of the supporting frame (40); An output shaft of the first motor (41) is provided with a first rotating shaft (410), and the first rotating shaft (410) is erected on the supporting frame (40); the top plate (13) of the box-shaped base (1) of the railway wagon welding center plate is fixed on the first rotating shaft (410); The convex connecting disc rotating mechanism comprises a second motor (42), a second rotating shaft (420) and a rotating disc (43), The output shaft of the second motor (42) is provided with a second rotating shaft (420), the tail end of the second rotating shaft (420) is provided with a rotary table (43), and the rotary table (43) is fixedly connected with a top plate (13) of a box-shaped base (1) of the railway wagon welding core plate; The second motor (42) and the convex connecting disc (2) are respectively positioned at two sides of the box-shaped base (1), the second rotating shaft (420) bypasses the first rotating shaft (410) and is fixedly connected with the turntable (43), and when the first rotating shaft (410) drives the welding center of the railway wagon to rotate, the second motor (42), the second rotating shaft (420) and the turntable (43) rotate along with the rotation of the welding center of the railway wagon; The first motor (41) is started, the box-shaped seat (1) is turned over through the first rotating shaft (410), the surfaces of the left web plate (11) and the right web plate (12) can be turned upwards respectively, the alternate operation of welding grooves to be welded on the left web plate (11) and the right web plate (12) can be realized, and the annular groove (60) at the joint of the convex connecting disc (2) and the bottom plate (14) can be opposite to the nozzle (50) of the welding gun (51) on the premise that the position of the welding gun (51) of the welding robot (5) is kept unchanged.
  7. 7. An automatic welding method for welding center plates of railway wagons, which adopts the automatic welding system for welding center plates of railway wagons as claimed in claim 6, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of Step A, presetting a groove The upper edge, the lower edge and the left edge of the left web plate (11) before welding are respectively preset with an upper left groove, a middle left groove and a lower left groove, the upper edge, the lower edge and the left edge of the right web plate (12) before welding are respectively preset with an upper right groove, a middle right groove and a lower right groove, and the edges of the convex connecting disc (2) before welding are respectively preset with an annular groove (60); step B, forming a framework of a railway wagon welding core disc in a spot welding mode; Performing multi-layer alternating full welding operation on a left web (11) and a right web (12) of a framework of a railway wagon welding core plate, forming an upper left weld (31), a lower left weld (32) and a middle left weld (36) on an upper left groove, a middle left groove and a lower left groove of the left web (11), and forming an upper right weld (34), a lower right weld (35) and a middle right weld (36) on an upper right groove, a middle right groove and a lower right groove of the right web (12), respectively, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps of: After the first-layer full-welding of the left web plate (11) is finished, the positioner (4) turns over the box-shaped seat (1) through the first rotary shaft (410) to enable the surface of the right web plate (12) to face upwards, and the first-layer full-welding of the right web plate (12) is carried out until the first-layer full-welding of the right web plate (12) is finished; the position changing machine (4) turns over the box-shaped seat (1) through the first rotating shaft (410) to enable the surface of the left web plate (11) to face upwards, and the second layer full-welding of the left web plate (11) is performed until the second layer full-welding of the left web plate (11) is completed; the position changing machine (4) turns over the box seat (1) through the first rotating shaft (410) to enable the surface of the right web plate (12) to face upwards, and the second layer full-welding of the right web plate (12) is performed until the second layer full-welding of the right web plate (12) is completed; And so on; the grooves of the left web plate (11) and the right web plate (12) are subjected to full-welding alternately until the right web plate (12) and the left web plate (11) are subjected to full-welding of the last layer; And D, performing multi-circle full-welding operation on the circumferential groove of the convex connecting disc (2) to form a circumferential welding seam (20).
  8. 8. The automatic welding method for welding core plates of railway wagons according to claim 7, characterized in that, The target layer number of full-welding of the left web plate (11) and the right web plate (12) is five, and the multi-layer alternating full-welding operation of the left web plate (11) and the right web plate (12) of the framework of the railway wagon welding core plate comprises the following specific steps: Starting a first motor (41), turning over the box-shaped seat (1) through a first rotating shaft (410) to enable the surface of the left web plate (11) to face upwards, and enabling the surface of the left web plate to face a nozzle of a welding gun (51) of the welding robot (5), and performing first-layer full-welding on an upper left groove, a middle left groove and a lower left groove of the left web plate (11) by using the welding robot (5); Starting a first motor (41), turning over the box-shaped seat (1) through a first rotating shaft (410) to enable the surface of the right web (12) to face upwards, and enabling the surface of the right web to face a nozzle of a welding gun (51) of the welding robot (5), and performing first-layer full-welding on an upper right groove, a middle right groove and a lower right groove of the right web (12) by using the welding robot (5); Starting a first motor (41), turning over the box-shaped seat (1) through a first rotating shaft (410) to enable the surface of the left web plate (11) to face upwards, and enabling the surface of the left web plate to face a nozzle of a welding gun (51) of the welding robot (5), and performing second-layer full-welding on an upper left groove, a middle left groove and a lower left groove of the left web plate (11) by using the welding robot (5); starting a first motor (41), turning over the box-shaped seat (1) through a first rotating shaft (410) to enable the surface of the right web (12) to face upwards, and enabling the surface of the right web to face a nozzle of a welding gun (51) of the welding robot (5), and performing second-layer full-welding on an upper right groove, a middle right groove and a lower right groove of the right web (12) by using the welding robot (5); Step C5, repeating the step C3 and the step C4 until the number of full welded layers of the left web plate (11) and the right web plate (12) reaches four; Starting a first motor (41), turning over the box-shaped seat (1) through a first rotating shaft (410) to enable the surface of the left web plate (11) to face upwards, and enabling the surface of the left web plate to face a nozzle of a welding gun (51) of the welding robot (5), and performing fifth-layer full-face welding on an upper left groove, a middle left groove and a lower left groove of the left web plate (11) by using the welding robot (5); and C7, starting the first motor (41), turning over the box-shaped seat (1) through the first rotary shaft (410) to enable the surface of the right web (12) to face upwards, and enabling the surface of the right web to face to a nozzle of a welding gun (51) of the welding robot (5), and performing fifth-layer full-face welding on an upper right groove, a middle right groove and a lower right groove of the right web (12) by using the welding robot (5).
  9. 9. The automatic welding method for welding core plates of railway wagons according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first layer welding method comprises the following steps: E1, setting a first layer arc starting point X 0 , a plurality of first layer characteristic points and a first layer arc collecting point X 7 along an upper groove (61), a middle groove (62) and a lower groove (63) of a web plate, wherein the web plate is a left web plate (11) or a right web plate (12); the upper groove (61) is a left upper groove of the left web (11) or a right upper groove of the right web (12); the middle groove (62) is a middle upper groove of the left web (11) or a middle upper groove of the right web (12); the lower groove (63) is a left lower groove of the left web (11) or a right lower groove of the right web (12); The characteristic points of the plurality of first layers are concentrated near the corners of the upward bevel (61) and the middle bevel (62) or near the corners of the middle bevel (62) and the lower bevel (63) respectively; E2, sequentially connecting the first-layer arc starting point X 0 , a plurality of first-layer characteristic points and the first-layer arc receiving point X 7 in sequence to form a first-layer welding track; E3, controlling a nozzle (50) of a welding gun (51) to weld the upper groove (61), the middle groove (62) and the lower groove (63) of the web by a welding robot (5) according to the first-layer welding track; the second to fourth layer full-welding method comprises the following steps: Setting an intermediate layer arc starting point Y 0 , a plurality of intermediate layer characteristic points and an intermediate layer arc receiving point Y 9 along an upper groove (61), a middle groove (62) and a lower groove (63) of a web, wherein the plurality of intermediate layer characteristic points are respectively concentrated near the corners of the upper groove (61) and the middle groove (62) or near the corners of the middle groove (62) and the lower groove (63); Step F2, sequentially connecting an intermediate layer arc starting point Y 0 , a plurality of intermediate layer characteristic points and an intermediate layer arc receiving point Y 9 in sequence to form an intermediate layer welding track; Step F3, controlling a nozzle (50) of a welding gun (51) to weld the upper groove (61), the middle groove (62) and the lower groove (63) of the web again by a welding robot (5) according to the welding track of the middle layer; the fifth layer full-welding method comprises the following steps: Setting a last layer starting point Z 0 , a plurality of last layer characteristic points and a last layer receiving point Z 9 along an upper groove (61), a middle groove (62) and a lower groove (63) of a web, wherein the plurality of middle layer characteristic points are respectively concentrated near the corners of the upper groove (61) and the middle groove (62) or near the corners of the middle groove (62) and the lower groove (63); Step G2, sequentially connecting a last layer arc starting point Z 0 , a plurality of last layer characteristic points and a last layer arc receiving point Z 9 in sequence to form a last layer welding track; And G3, controlling a nozzle (50) of a welding gun (51) to weld the last layer of the upper groove (61), the middle groove (62) and the lower groove (63) of the web by the welding robot (5) according to the last layer welding track.
  10. 10. The automatic welding method for welding core plates of railway wagons according to claim 7, characterized in that, The multi-circle full-welding operation for the circumferential groove of the convex connecting disc (2) comprises the following specific steps: Step D1, starting a first motor (41), overturning the box-shaped seat (1) through a first rotating shaft (410), overturning the right web plate (12) upwards, and enabling the bottom plate (14) to be positioned on the side surface of the box-shaped seat (1) to expose the protruding connecting disc (2), so that an annular groove (60) at the joint of the protruding connecting disc (2) and the bottom plate (14) is opposite to a nozzle (50) of a welding gun (51) of the welding robot (5); step D2, setting a first circle of welding seams Selecting one of the points on the annular groove (60) as a starting point, wherein the starting point is positioned on the center line of the groove; The included angle alpha' =70° between the nozzle of the welding gun (51) and the bottom plate (14), the inclined angle beta=85° between the nozzle of the welding gun (51) and the extension line of the groove center line, the welding robot (5) controls the nozzle of the welding gun (51) to be aligned with the annular groove (60) between the convex connecting disc (2) and the bottom plate (14) for welding until the gap between the convex connecting disc (2) and the bottom plate (14) is fully welded, and a first circle of circumferential welding seam of the convex connecting disc (2) is formed; Step D3, setting a second circle of circumferential weld joints Continuing to keep the second motor (42) in a starting state, repeating the step of the first circle of circumferential weld, and setting a second circle of circumferential weld; step D4, setting a third circle of circumferential weld joint And continuing to keep the second motor (42) in a starting state, repeating the step of the second circle of circumferential welding seams, and setting a third circle of circumferential welding seams.

Description

Railway wagon welding core plate, automatic welding system and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a railway wagon welding core plate, an automatic welding system and a method. Background At present, the connection between the wagon body and the bogie of the railway wagon lacks a workpiece which is technically adaptive and economical, cannot meet the requirement of speed-up and heavy load, and is urgently required to meet the requirement of speed-up and heavy load and be suitable for connecting the wagon body and the bogie of the railway wagon. At the same time, there is currently a lack of production systems and methods suitable for use with the tools. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a welding mandrel, an automatic welding system and a method for a railway wagon, which are used for solving the problems that workpieces which can meet the requirements of speed acceleration and heavy load and are suitable for connecting a wagon body and a bogie of the railway wagon are urgently needed at present, and the production system and the method suitable for the tools are lacking at present. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: In a first aspect, the invention discloses a railway wagon weld core for connecting a wagon body and a bogie of a railway wagon, comprising: A box-shaped base seat, a box-shaped base seat and a box-shaped base seat, The convex connecting disc is welded on the bottom surface of the box-shaped base; The bogie of the railway wagon is provided with a convex connecting disc groove, and the convex connecting disc is matched with the convex connecting disc groove; When the box-shaped base is embedded into the steel of the train body of the railway freight car and is connected with the train body, the convex connecting disc can be just embedded into the convex connecting disc groove of the bogie of the railway freight car and is connected with the bogie, so that the train body of the railway freight car and the bogie are connected together through the welding center plate of the railway freight car. Preferably, the box-shaped base comprises a left web plate, a right web plate, a top plate, a bottom plate and two partition plates, The left web plate and the right web plate are parallel to each other, the left web plate and the right web plate are kept parallel through two partition plates, the top plate and the bottom plate are kept parallel through two partition plates, a frame is formed by surrounding together, and the two partition plates are arranged in the frame in parallel; When the wagon body and the bogie of the wagon are connected together through the wagon welding core plate, the left web plate and the right web plate of the box base respectively lean against the inner walls of the left side and the right side of the steel in the shape of Chinese character 'ji'. Preferably, the left web plate and the top plate are welded together through a left upper welding seam, the left web plate and the bottom plate are welded together through a left lower welding seam, and the left upper welding seam is parallel to the left lower welding seam; the right web plate and the top plate are welded together through a right upper welding seam, the right web plate and the bottom plate are welded together through a right lower welding seam, and the right upper welding seam is parallel to the right lower welding seam; The convex connecting disc is welded on the bottom surface of the bottom plate through a circumferential welding line. Preferably, the ends of the same end of the left web plate and the right web plate are respectively provided with a left vertical plate and a right vertical plate, and the left vertical plate and the right vertical plate are coplanar and are respectively positioned at two sides of the outer end of the frame body to form the box-shaped base; The left web plate and the left vertical plate are welded together through a left middle welding seam, and two ends of the left middle welding seam are respectively connected with the left upper welding seam and the left lower welding seam through right angles; the right web plate is welded with the right vertical plate through a right middle welding seam, and two ends of the right middle welding seam are respectively connected with the right upper welding seam and the right lower welding seam through right angles. In a second aspect, the invention discloses an automatic welding system for a welding core plate of a railway wagon, which comprises a positioner and a welding robot, The position changing machine is used for installing the welding core disc of the railway wagon, Grooves are preset at the edges of the left web plate, the right web plate and the convex connecting disc before welding, The grooves comprise an upper left groove, a middle left groove, a lower le