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CN-121972792-A - Cutting function on-demand configuration method and system of combined cutting machine

CN121972792ACN 121972792 ACN121972792 ACN 121972792ACN-121972792-A

Abstract

The invention provides a cutting function on-demand configuration method and system of a combined cutting machine, and relates to the technical field of metal cutting processing. The method comprises the steps of obtaining temperature distribution data of a workpiece, marking a thermal expansion suspicious region, obtaining the horizontal position of a cutting point of a laser beam when the cutting point of the laser beam on the surface of the workpiece falls into the thermal expansion suspicious region, obtaining the height position of a laser beam focus and the surface of the workpiece, judging deformation deviation of the workpiece by comparing the deformation deviation with a preset theoretical position, calculating the correction quantity of the laser beam, and adjusting the movement track of the laser beam or the position of the laser beam focus according to the correction quantity. The method aims to solve the problem that the subsequent processing precision is reduced due to the physical influence (such as thermal expansion) of the traditional combined cutting machine in the previous working procedure, remarkably improves the processing precision and stability of the combined cutting machine when continuously processing complex workpieces, and effectively reduces the rejection rate and the reworking cost.

Inventors

  • WU WENHUI

Assignees

  • 佛山市和阳精密金属制品有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260331

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A cutting function on-demand configuration method of a combination type cutting machine, which is applied to a combination type cutting machine, the combination type cutting machine including a plasma cutting part for rough machining and a laser cutting part for finish machining, characterized by comprising the steps of: S1, acquiring temperature distribution data of a workpiece in the process of performing rough machining on the workpiece through the plasma cutting part, and marking a thermal expansion suspicious region based on the temperature distribution data; S2, after rough machining of the workpiece is finished and in the process of finishing the workpiece through the laser cutting part, if the cutting point of the laser beam on the surface of the workpiece does not fall into the thermal expansion suspicious region, controlling the laser beam to cut the workpiece according to the movement track planned by the original design drawing and the focal position of the laser beam, and if the cutting point of the laser beam on the surface of the workpiece falls into the thermal expansion suspicious region, executing the steps S3-S6; S3, when a cutting point of the laser beam on the surface of the workpiece falls into the thermal expansion suspicious region, acquiring the horizontal position of the cutting point and the height position of the laser beam focus and the surface of the workpiece; s4, comparing the height position and the horizontal position with a preset theoretical position, and judging deformation deviation of the workpiece; S5, calculating the correction quantity of the laser beam according to the deformation deviation of the workpiece; S6, according to the correction quantity, adjusting the movement track of the laser beam or the focal position of the laser beam, and controlling the laser beam executing mechanism to cut the workpiece by the laser beam according to the adjusted movement track and the adjusted focal position of the laser beam.
  2. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the step of marking the thermal expansion suspicious region based on the temperature distribution data includes: s11, acquiring a temperature distribution data sequence of a workpiece, wherein the temperature distribution data sequence comprises a plurality of temperature distribution data acquired at continuous time points; s12, calculating the temperature change rate of each region of the workpiece according to the temperature distribution data sequence; S13, according to the temperature change rate, combining the current temperature and the temperature gradient in the temperature distribution data sequence, and identifying the thermal expansion suspicious region.
  3. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein in step S13, the step of identifying the thermal expansion suspicious region according to the temperature change rate in combination with the current temperature and the temperature gradient in the temperature distribution data sequence includes: and taking the region with the current temperature higher than the preset temperature value and the temperature change rate lower than the preset rate value or the region with the temperature gradient higher than the preset gradient value as the thermal expansion suspicious region.
  4. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the step of obtaining the horizontal position of the cutting point comprises: S3A1, projecting a preset structured light pattern to the area near the cutting point; S3A2, capturing a deformation image of the structured light pattern on the surface of the workpiece through an industrial camera; S3A3, according to the deformation image, determining the horizontal position of the cutting point by analyzing the geometric deformation of the structured light pattern.
  5. 5. The method of on-demand configuration of cutting functions of a gang cutter according to claim 4, wherein the specific steps in step S3A2 include: S3A21, capturing a plurality of deformation images of the structured light patterns on the surface of the workpiece from different view angles; the specific steps in step S3A3 include: S3A31, analyzing geometric deformation of the structured light pattern according to a plurality of deformed images, wherein the geometric deformation comprises the steps of matching structured light characteristic points in the deformed images to obtain a matching result; S3A32, reconstructing three-dimensional coordinates of the structured light pattern on the surface of the workpiece based on a triangulation principle according to the matching result; And S3A33, determining the horizontal position of the cutting point according to the three-dimensional coordinates.
  6. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the step of obtaining the height position of the focal point of the laser beam and the surface of the workpiece comprises: S3B1, projecting laser lines to the area near the cutting point; S3B2, capturing a contour image of the laser line on the surface of the workpiece through an industrial camera; S3B3, according to the contour image, determining the height position of the laser beam focus and the workpiece surface by analyzing the shape change of the laser line.
  7. 7. The method of on-demand configuration of cutting functions of a gang cutter according to claim 6, wherein the specific steps in step S3B3 include: S3B31, analyzing gray scale or intensity distribution of the laser line contour image; S3B32, detecting intensity peak values or gradient changes in the gray scale or intensity distribution according to the analyzed gray scale or intensity distribution; S3B33, positioning the center of the laser line according to the detected intensity peak value or gradient change; S3B34, calculating the height position of the laser beam focus and the workpiece surface according to the center of the positioned laser line and combining the optical path geometric relationship and camera calibration parameters.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the step of adjusting the movement track of the laser beam or the focal position of the laser beam according to the correction amount comprises: s61, obtaining change information of the correction quantity; s62, generating a compensation instruction according to the change information of the correction quantity and combining the response characteristic of the laser beam executing mechanism; S63, sending the compensation instruction to the laser beam executing mechanism so as to drive the laser beam executing mechanism to adjust the movement track or the focus position of the laser beam; s64, acquiring the actual position of the laser beam executing mechanism in real time; s65, adjusting the compensation instruction according to the deviation between the actual position and the target position corresponding to the correction amount, so as to drive the laser beam executing mechanism to further adjust the movement track or the focus position of the laser beam.
  9. 9. The method of on-demand configuration of cutting functions of a combination cutter as set forth in claim 8, wherein the specific steps in step S65 include: s651, calculating a proportion adjustment component of the deviation according to the current value of the deviation; s652, calculating a cumulative adjustment component of the deviation according to the cumulative value of the deviation; s653, calculating a change rate adjustment component of the deviation according to the change rate of the deviation; s654, combining the proportion adjustment component, the accumulated adjustment component and the change rate adjustment component to obtain the adjustment quantity of the compensation instruction.
  10. 10. A cutting function on-demand configuration system of a combination type cutting machine, which is applied to a combination type cutting machine including a plasma cutting part for rough machining and a laser cutting part for finish machining, characterized by comprising: the marking module is used for acquiring temperature distribution data of the workpiece in the process of performing rough machining on the workpiece through the plasma cutting part and marking a thermal expansion suspicious region based on the temperature distribution data; The device comprises a laser cutting part, an identification module, a calculation module, a control module and a control module, wherein the laser cutting part is used for cutting a workpiece according to a movement track planned by an original design drawing and a laser beam focus position when the workpiece is subjected to rough machining and a cutting point of the laser beam on the surface of the workpiece does not fall into the thermal expansion suspicious region in the process of finishing the workpiece by the laser cutting part; The acquisition module is used for acquiring the horizontal position of the cutting point and the height position of the laser beam focus and the workpiece surface when the cutting point of the laser beam on the workpiece surface falls into the thermal expansion suspicious region; the judging module is used for judging the deformation deviation of the workpiece by comparing the height position and the horizontal position with a preset theoretical position; The calculation module is used for calculating the correction quantity of the laser beam according to the deformation deviation of the workpiece; And the control module is used for adjusting the movement track of the laser beam or the focal position of the laser beam according to the correction quantity, and controlling the laser beam executing mechanism to control the laser beam to cut the workpiece according to the adjusted movement track and the adjusted focal position of the laser beam.

Description

Cutting function on-demand configuration method and system of combined cutting machine Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of metal cutting processing, in particular to a cutting function on-demand configuration method and system of a combined cutting machine. Background In modern industrial production, the combined cutting machine is widely applied to the field of metal processing due to the characteristics of modular design and flexible configuration. Such devices typically integrate multiple functional modules, such as plasma cutting and laser cutting, and achieve independent control of each functional module through a micro-service architecture. However, in the actual machining process, particularly when the same workpiece is subjected to continuous multi-step machining, the physical influence caused by the previous process may significantly reduce the subsequent machining accuracy. Taking typical plasma-laser composite processing as an example, the high temperature generated in the plasma cutting process can cause local thermal expansion of the workpiece, so that the actual workpiece size deviates from the design drawing. This thermal deformation causes serious problems in the subsequent laser finishing stage, namely, when the laser cutting head moves according to preset coordinates, the cutting path deviates from the theoretical position because the actual deformation of the workpiece is not recognized by the system. More complicated, the temperature distribution non-uniformity in the heat affected zone may create a dynamically changing thermal expansion gradient, making conventional post-compensation methods difficult to effectively cope with. In addition, the existing control system has obvious perception blind areas. The microservices of the functional modules can independently complete parameter configuration, but lack cooperative perceptibility of cross-process physical influences. The laser control module cannot acquire real-time temperature field data of the workpiece, and cannot identify the thermal deformation area, so that the laser control module can only execute cutting according to an ideal state and cannot dynamically adjust the actual working condition. This information islanding makes it difficult for the system to achieve truly adaptive processing. The solutions in the prior art mostly adopt a fixed compensation or post-correction mode, so that the dynamic deformation in the processing process cannot be responded in real time, and the accurate compensation cannot be performed for the thermal influences of different materials and different processing parameters. The rough processing mode is difficult to meet the requirement of high-precision processing, and particularly the limitation of the prior art is particularly prominent in the fields of aerospace, precision dies and the like with extremely high requirements on processing precision. In view of the above problems, no effective technical solution is currently available. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a method and a system for configuring cutting functions of a combined type cutting machine according to requirements, and aims to solve the problems that in the multi-step processing process of the traditional combined type cutting machine, the subsequent processing precision is reduced due to physical influence (such as thermal expansion) generated by a previous process, the traditional control system lacks cooperative sensing capability on the physical influence of a cross process, and self-adaptive processing is difficult to realize, so that the processing precision and stability of the combined type cutting machine in continuous processing of complex workpieces are remarkably improved, and the rejection rate and the processing cost are effectively reduced. In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for configuring a cutting function of a combined cutting machine as needed, applied to the combined cutting machine, the combined cutting machine including a plasma cutting part for rough machining and a laser cutting part for finish machining, comprising the steps of: S1, acquiring temperature distribution data of a workpiece in the process of performing rough machining on the workpiece through the plasma cutting part, and marking a thermal expansion suspicious region based on the temperature distribution data; S2, after rough machining of the workpiece is finished and in the process of finishing the workpiece through the laser cutting part, if the cutting point of the laser beam on the surface of the workpiece does not fall into the thermal expansion suspicious region, controlling the laser beam to cut the workpiece according to the movement track planned by the original design drawing and the focal position of the laser beam, and if the cutting point of the laser beam on the surface of the workpiece falls into the thermal expansion suspicious region, executing the steps S