CN-121972850-A - Welding deformation control method and system

CN121972850ACN 121972850 ACN121972850 ACN 121972850ACN-121972850-A

Abstract

The invention provides a welding deformation control method and a welding deformation control system, and relates to the technical field of welding. The method comprises the steps of collecting three-dimensional point cloud data of a welding member to be repaired, inputting the three-dimensional point cloud data into a rebound prediction model to obtain the repair rebound quantity of a key repair reference point of the welding member to be repaired, which is output by the rebound prediction model, wherein the rebound prediction model is obtained by training the rebound quantity of the key repair reference point of the welding member to be repaired based on the sample three-dimensional point cloud data and the sample, an out-of-tolerance adjustable region is identified from the key repair reference point of the welding member to be repaired, and according to the repair rebound quantity corresponding to the out-of-tolerance adjustable region, a repair parameter for repairing the out-of-tolerance adjustable region is generated, so that welding deformation control is performed, the influence of material plastic recovery, a time effect of thermal stress release and the like on the final adjustment effect of welding deformation can be avoided, and the control accuracy of welding deformation is improved.

Inventors

WU XIANGYANG
LV PIN
TIAN RENYONG
LIU NIANZU
LI YANAN

Assignees

中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260105

Claims (10)

1. A welding deformation control method, characterized by comprising: collecting three-dimensional point cloud data of a welding member to be repaired; Inputting the three-dimensional point cloud data into a rebound prediction model to obtain the trimming rebound quantity of the key trimming reference point of the welding member to be trimmed, which is output by the rebound prediction model, wherein the rebound prediction model is obtained by training the trimming rebound quantity of the key trimming reference point of the welding member to be trimmed based on the sample three-dimensional point cloud data and the sample; And identifying an out-of-tolerance adjustable region from the key trimming reference points of the welding member to be trimmed, generating trimming parameters for trimming the out-of-tolerance adjustable region according to the trimming resilience amount corresponding to the out-of-tolerance adjustable region, and performing welding deformation control.
2. The welding deformation control method according to claim 1, wherein the inputting the three-dimensional point cloud data into a springback prediction model to obtain the trimming springback amount of the key trimming reference point of the welding member to be trimmed, which is output by the springback prediction model, includes: Based on the characteristic identification layer of the rebound prediction model, carrying out identification processing on the three-dimensional point cloud data to obtain characteristic representation of a key repair reference point of the welding member to be repaired; And analyzing the characteristic representation based on a rebound prediction layer of the rebound prediction model to obtain the trimming rebound quantity of the key trimming reference point of the welding member to be trimmed.
3. The welding deformation control method according to claim 1, wherein the identifying an out-of-tolerance adjustable region from key repair reference points of the welding member to be repaired includes: Generating a post-welding point cloud model of the welding member to be repaired according to the three-dimensional point cloud data; And obtaining a standard design model of the welding component, comparing the post-welding point cloud model of the welding component with the standard design model, and identifying an out-of-tolerance adjustable region and the deformation thereof from the key repair datum points of the welding component to be repaired.
4. The welding deformation control method according to claim 3, wherein the comparing the post-weld point cloud model of the welding member with a standard design model comprises: And matching and aligning the post-welding point cloud model of the welding component with a standard design model according to the structural characteristics of the welding component.
5. The welding deformation control method according to claim 3, wherein the comparing the post-weld point cloud model of the welding member with a standard design model, identifying an out-of-tolerance adjustable region from key repair reference points of the welding member to be repaired, comprises: determining a tolerance envelope of the standard design model; And comparing the post-welding point cloud model of the welding component with a standard design model, and identifying an out-of-tolerance adjustable region and the deformation of the out-of-tolerance adjustable region from the key adjustment reference points of the welding component to be adjusted according to the tolerance envelope curve.
6. The welding deformation control method according to claim 3, wherein the generating of the trimming parameter for trimming the out-of-tolerance adjustable region according to the trimming rebound amount corresponding to the out-of-tolerance adjustable region includes: Determining a corresponding trimming strategy according to the trimming rebound quantity and the deformation quantity corresponding to the out-of-tolerance adjustable region; and determining the trimming execution equipment of the out-of-tolerance adjustable region according to the trimming strategy, and trimming parameters for trimming the out-of-tolerance adjustable region.
7. The welding deformation control method according to claim 6, wherein the repairing execution device that determines the out-of-tolerance adjustable region according to the repairing policy, and repairing parameters that repair the out-of-tolerance adjustable region, includes: Determining repair execution equipment corresponding to the repair strategy; And determining the trimming parameters of the trimming execution equipment for trimming the out-of-tolerance adjustable region according to the trimming rebound quantity and the deformation quantity corresponding to the out-of-tolerance adjustable region.
8. The welding deformation control method according to claim 6, wherein the repair execution device includes a heating execution module and a quenching execution module; The welding deformation control comprises the following steps: And controlling the heating execution module to heat the out-of-tolerance adjustable region according to the adjustment parameters, and controlling the quenching execution module to follow the heating execution module to spray atomized water on the out-of-tolerance adjustable region according to the adjustment parameters.
9. The welding deformation control method according to claim 1, wherein after performing the welding deformation control, the method further comprises: Acquiring three-dimensional point cloud data of the welding member after adjustment; And repeating the step of identifying the out-of-tolerance adjustable region and the deformation thereof from the key repairing reference points of the welding member to be repaired according to the three-dimensional point cloud data to obtain a verification result, wherein the verification result is used for judging whether the welding deformation repairing step of the welding member is repeated.
10. A welding deformation control system, comprising: The data acquisition module is used for acquiring three-dimensional point cloud data of the welding member to be repaired; The rebound quantity prediction module is used for inputting the three-dimensional point cloud data into a rebound prediction model to obtain the trimming rebound quantity of the key trimming datum point of the welding member to be trimmed, which is output by the rebound prediction model, wherein the rebound prediction model is obtained by training the trimming rebound quantity of the key trimming datum point of the welding member to be trimmed based on the sample three-dimensional point cloud data and the sample; And the deformation control module is used for identifying an out-of-tolerance adjustable region from the key adjustment reference points of the welding member to be adjusted, generating adjustment parameters for adjusting the out-of-tolerance adjustable region according to the adjustment resilience quantity corresponding to the out-of-tolerance adjustable region, and performing welding deformation control.

Description

Welding deformation control method and system Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a welding deformation control method and a welding deformation control system. Background In the field of manufacturing high-end equipment such as rail transit, engineering machinery and the like, welding is a key process for forming structural parts. For large thin-wall non-rigid welding components such as cross beams, side beams and the like, uneven heat input in the welding process inevitably causes deformation of the components, and the subsequent assembly precision, structural bearing performance and product appearance are directly affected. Therefore, the post-welding deformation adjustment and repair is a core link for ensuring the quality of the final product. Currently, the mainstream post-welding repair method in the industrial field depends on the experience of operators, and adopts flame heating correction or mechanical correction assistance. The typical process comprises the steps of manually judging the deformation area and degree by workers through visual observation or using tools such as templates, calipers and the like, then using a welding gun or a special flame gun to locally heat the specific part of the component by experience, using the generated thermal stress to plastically deform the material to correct the shape, usually cooling for a period of time after correction, then carrying out measurement and verification, if the material is unqualified, repeating the process, However, the manual operation cannot accurately consider the time effect of plastic recovery and thermal stress release of the material, and can only be operated according to the static measurement result after the adjustment, but the result is quite likely to be not the final stable form of the component, so that the adjustment process is trapped in the passive cycle of adjustment, waiting, rebound and re-adjustment, the efficiency is low, the personal experience and the in-situ judgment of an operator are highly depended, and meanwhile, the repeated local heating can aggravate the unfavorable change of the tissue performance of the material and the accumulation of residual stress. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a welding deformation control method and a welding deformation control system, which are used for solving the problem that the welding deformation control is frequently and repeatedly heated locally in the prior art and realizing quantitative adjustment and repair of the welding deformation control. The invention provides a welding deformation control method, which comprises the following steps: collecting three-dimensional point cloud data of a welding member to be repaired; Inputting the three-dimensional point cloud data into a rebound prediction model to obtain the trimming rebound quantity of the key trimming reference point of the welding member to be trimmed, which is output by the rebound prediction model, wherein the rebound prediction model is obtained by training the trimming rebound quantity of the key trimming reference point of the welding member to be trimmed based on the sample three-dimensional point cloud data and the sample; And identifying an out-of-tolerance adjustable region from the key trimming reference points of the welding member to be trimmed, generating trimming parameters for trimming the out-of-tolerance adjustable region according to the trimming resilience amount corresponding to the out-of-tolerance adjustable region, and performing welding deformation control. According to the welding deformation control method provided by the invention, the three-dimensional point cloud data is input into a rebound prediction model to obtain the trimming rebound quantity of the key trimming reference point of the welding member to be trimmed, which is output by the rebound prediction model, and the method comprises the following steps: Based on the characteristic identification layer of the rebound prediction model, carrying out identification processing on the three-dimensional point cloud data to obtain characteristic representation of a key repair reference point of the welding member to be repaired; And analyzing the characteristic representation based on a rebound prediction layer of the rebound prediction model to obtain the trimming rebound quantity of the key trimming reference point of the welding member to be trimmed. According to the welding deformation control method provided by the invention, the identification of the out-of-tolerance adjustable region from the key repair reference points of the welding component to be repaired comprises the following steps: Generating a post-welding point cloud model of the welding member to be repaired according to the three-dimensional point cloud data; And obtaining a standard design model of the welding component, comparing the post-welding point cloud model of the welding component with t