CN-121972852-A - Full-size homogeneous welding method and device for large metal and composite material plates

CN121972852ACN 121972852 ACN121972852 ACN 121972852ACN-121972852-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a full-size homogeneous welding method and device for large metal and composite plates. The technical problem that the existing metal plate and composite material plate can only be welded locally is solved. The method comprises the following steps of S1, pre-treating one side of a metal plate before welding, placing the pretreated side of the metal plate upwards, placing a composite material plate to be welded on the metal plate, and completing pre-welding preparation, and S2, clamping the metal plate to be welded and the composite material plate by an electric roller and a heating roller, heating the metal plate in a hot-press welding mode to enable the composite material plate to melt and be connected with the metal plate, driving the electric roller to rotate, and driving the metal plate and the composite material plate to move at a constant speed, so that continuous welding is realized. The composite material plate welding device has the advantages that the heating roller heats and melts the composite material plate by means of the metal plate, the electric roller drives the metal plate and the composite material plate to be conveyed and welded on the supporting piece, full-size homogeneous welding is carried out, and welding efficiency is improved.

Inventors

Ren Sendong
CHEN HAO
Zheng Wuyu
ZHENG WENJIAN
Ma Yinghe
FENG DAOCHEN
YANG JIANGUO
DING ZHENYU

Assignees

浙江工业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260317

Claims (10)

1. The full-size homogeneous welding method for the large-scale metal and composite material plates is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step S1, preprocessing one surface of a metal plate (1) before welding, placing the preprocessed surface of the metal plate (1) upwards, and placing a composite material plate (2) to be welded on the metal plate (1) to finish the preparation before welding; And S2, clamping the metal plate (1) to be welded and the composite material plate (2) by the electric roller (5) and the heating roller (4), heating the metal plate (1) in a hot-press welding mode to enable the composite material plate (2) to melt and be connected with the metal plate (1), driving the electric roller (5) to rotate, and driving the metal plate (1) and the composite material plate (2) to move at a constant speed so as to realize continuous welding.
2. A method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite plates according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of pre-treating the metal plate (1) in step S1 comprises: S1.1, placing a metal plate (1) to be pretreated on a water cooling plate and fixing; Step S1.2, setting laser etching parameters, and starting to perform laser etching on one surface of the metal plate (1); And S1.3, cooling the metal plate (1) to room temperature after etching is finished, and taking down.
3. The full-size homogeneous welding method for large-scale metal and composite plates according to claim 2, wherein the length-width dimension of the water-cooled plate is not smaller than the length-width dimension of the metal plate (1).
4. The full-size homogeneous welding method for the large-scale metal and composite material plates, which is disclosed in claim 2, is characterized in that the metal plate (1) is made of any one of stainless steel, carbon steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy and high-temperature alloy, and the composite material plate (2) is a CFRP plate.
5. A method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite plates according to claim 2, characterized in that in step S1.2 grooves are etched in parallel with each other in one of the metal plates (1) by means of laser.
6. The method for full-size homogeneous welding of large-scale metal and composite plates according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 specifically comprises: step S2.1, driving a motorized roller (5) to move towards a heating roller (4) through an air cylinder, clamping a metal plate (1) to be welded and a composite material plate (2) by the motorized roller (5) and the heating roller (4), and keeping a certain pressure by the air cylinder; s2.2, heating the roller (4) to raise the temperature and transferring the heat to the metal plate (1); S2.3, heating the composite material plate (2) by the metal plate (1) and melting the composite material plate to form connection; And S2.4, rotating the motorized roller (5) to drive the welded metal plate (1) and the composite material plate (2) to move, so as to finish the subsequent welding.
7. The method for full-scale homogeneous welding of large metal and composite sheets according to claim 6, further comprising the steps of: And S3, closing the motorized roller (5), the heating roller (4) and the air cylinder, cooling the metal plate (1) and the composite material plate (2) to room temperature, and finishing welding.
8. A welding device, adopting the full-size homogeneity welding method for large-scale metal and combined material panel of any one of the preceding claims 1-7, characterized by, including being used for placing support piece (3) of metal sheet (1) and combined material board (2), combined material board (2) be located metal sheet (1) upside, metal sheet (1) keep away from one side of combined material board (2) be equipped with metal sheet (1) the heating roller (4) that leans against, combined material board (2) keep away from one side activity of metal sheet (1) be equipped with heating roller (4) upper and lower correspondence electric roller (5), and electric roller (5) be connected with can drive electric roller (5) to move towards heating roller (4) direction thereby make electric roller (5) lean on lift driver (6) of combined material board (2) one side.
9. The welding device according to claim 8, wherein the heating roller (4) and the motorized roller (5) are disposed parallel to each other, and the lengths of the heating roller (4) and the motorized roller (5) are both greater than the widths of the metal plate (1) and the composite plate (2), and the lifting driver (6) is a cylinder disposed at an end of the motorized roller (5) away from the heating roller (4).
10. A welding device according to claim 8, characterized in that the motorized roller (5) has a roller drive which drives the motorized roller (5) in a circumferential direction so as to move the metal sheet (1) and the composite sheet (2) horizontally.

Description

Full-size homogeneous welding method and device for large metal and composite material plates Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of welding, and particularly relates to a full-size homogeneous welding method and device for large-scale metal and composite plates. Background With the development of modern engineering technology towards extremely light weight, high efficiency and long service life, an advanced composite material represented by a carbon fiber reinforced composite material is becoming a key material in the fields of aerospace, new energy automobiles and ocean engineering by virtue of excellent physical and mechanical properties, although the composite material is excellent in performance, the composite material still has limitations in terms of impact damage resistance, electric conduction and thermal conductivity, high temperature tolerance and manufacturing cost, compared with the metal material, the metal material has excellent ductility, fracture toughness and processing maturity, the multi-material mixed structure is becoming the mainstream trend of the current engineering design in order to fully utilize the advantages of the two materials, the traditional mechanical connection and cementing process is greatly sacrificed or covers the excellent performance of the composite material, namely, the mechanical connection drilling process cuts off bearing fibers, meanwhile, serious hole edge stress concentration is caused, the fastener also introduces additional weight, so that the advantage of the composite material, namely, the high specific strength is greatly discounted at a joint, and an adhesive layer is easily affected to produce ageing, and the original anti-fatigue and long service life characteristics of the composite material are difficult to match. In order to solve the defects existing in the prior art, long-term exploration is performed, and various solutions are proposed. For example, chinese patent literature discloses a laser welding method and apparatus [202411090046.7] for metal tape of thermoplastic composite material, which comprises preparing microstructure on the surface of a metal tape, laying the metal tape on the portion to be welded of the composite material, butt welding the metal tape and the composite material by laser, pressing the two rolls on both sides of the laser spot during welding, moving the two rolls along with the laser spot, using the rolls on the front side for tape laying and positioning of the metal tape, melting the surface of the composite material by the laser, applying pressure on the metal tape by the rolls on the rear side, allowing the melted composite material to enter the microstructure on the surface of the metal tape, and forming a connecting joint after cooling. The scheme solves the problem of the welding effect of the existing composite material and the metal material to a certain extent, but the scheme still has a plurality of defects, for example, because the laser energy is highly concentrated, only the welding with smaller size requirements can be realized, and the global homogeneous welding under the working condition of large size can not be realized. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a full-size homogeneous welding method for large-scale metal and composite plates. Another object of the present invention is to provide a welding device that addresses the above-mentioned problems. The method comprises the following steps of S1, preprocessing one surface of a metal plate before welding, placing the preprocessed surface of the metal plate upwards, and placing a composite material plate to be welded on the metal plate to finish pre-welding preparation; and S2, clamping the metal plate to be welded and the composite material plate by the electric roller and the heating roller, heating the metal plate in a hot-press welding mode to enable the composite material plate to be melted and connected with the metal plate, driving the electric roller to rotate, and driving the metal plate and the composite material plate to move at a constant speed so as to realize continuous welding. In the above method for full-size homogeneous welding of large-scale metal and composite plates, the pretreatment of the metal plate in step S1 includes: s1.1, placing a metal plate to be pretreated on a water-cooling plate and fixing; s1.2, setting laser etching parameters, and starting to perform laser etching on one surface of the metal plate; And S1.3, cooling the metal plate to room temperature after etching is completed, and taking down. In the method for full-size homogeneous welding of large-sized metal and composite plates, the length and width dimensions of the water-cooled plate are not smaller than those of the metal plate. In the full-size homogeneous welding method for the large-sized metal and composite material plates, the metal plate is made of any one of stainless steel, carbon