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CN-121972892-A - Positioning device for welding trailer bridge

CN121972892ACN 121972892 ACN121972892 ACN 121972892ACN-121972892-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of axle manufacturing, in particular to a positioning device for welding a trailer axle, which comprises a bracket, a gravity bearing seat, an axial positioning mechanism and a radial positioning mechanism. The bracket is provided with a semicircular opening for supporting the braking bottom plate, the gravity bearing seat is used for supporting the axle and vertically descends under the action of gravity, and the first transmission mechanism drives the straight pushing arm to push the braking bottom plate to the axial limiting plate so as to realize axial positioning. Along with the continuous lowering of the workpiece, the brake bottom plate presses the pressing plate, and the second transmission mechanism drives the two symmetrical clamping blocks to be inwards closed, so that radial clamping is realized. The invention skillfully utilizes the dead weight of the axle as a power source, realizes the mechanical linkage positioning of the axial direction and the radial direction, does not need external power, has the advantages of high positioning precision, compact structure, strong safety and large welding avoidance space, and remarkably improves the welding automation level.

Inventors

  • GAO CHENJIE
  • WANG ZHE

Assignees

  • 富华瑞达(山东)智造股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260318

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A positioning device for welding a trailer bridge, comprising: The bracket (1) is provided with two brackets which are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction, and each bracket (1) is provided with a semicircular opening (2) for vertically placing the brake bottom plate; the gravity bearing seat (3) is arranged between the two brackets (1), and the gravity bearing seat (3) is used for bearing an axle and vertically descends after being pressed; The axial positioning mechanism is provided with two groups, and comprises an axial limiting plate (4) and a movable straight pushing arm (5) which are arranged at the side part of the bracket (1), a first transmission mechanism (6) is arranged between each straight pushing arm (5) and the gravity bearing seat (3), and when the gravity bearing seat (3) descends vertically, the first transmission mechanism (6) drives the straight pushing arm (5) to push a braking bottom plate to the axial limiting plate (4) so as to realize axial positioning; Radial positioning mechanism is equipped with two sets of and is located respectively in two bracket (1), radial positioning mechanism is including clamp pad (7) and two clamp pads (8) that the symmetry set up that can vertically remove, every clamp pad (8) with all be equipped with second drive mechanism (9) between clamp pad (7) the braking bottom plate oppression when clamp pad (7) decline, second drive mechanism (9) drive two clamp pad (8) draw close in order to press from both sides the radial outer wall of clamping the braking bottom plate in opposite directions.
  2. 2. The positioning device for welding of a trailer bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that a fixed base (10) is arranged between two brackets (1), a containing cavity (11) is formed in the fixed base (10), a plurality of bosses (12) distributed at intervals along the horizontal direction are formed in the containing cavity (11), guide sleeves (13) which are vertically arranged are fixedly arranged in each boss (12), a gravity bearing seat (3) is arranged right above the fixed base (10), a plurality of guide posts (14) which are in plug connection with the guide sleeves (13) are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the gravity bearing seat (3), and a first spring (15) which is arranged between the gravity bearing seat (3) and the bosses (12) is sleeved on each guide post (14).
  3. 3. A positioning device for welding a trailer bridge according to claim 2, characterized in that a connecting seat (16) is fixedly arranged between each bracket (1) and the fixed base (10), a main gear (17) is rotationally arranged in the accommodating cavity (11), a main rack (18) which is vertical and meshed with the main gear (17) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the gravity bearing seat (3), and each first transmission mechanism (6) comprises: A secondary rack (19) which is connected in the accommodating cavity (11) in a sliding manner along the horizontal direction; the reversing gear set (20) is rotationally arranged in the accommodating cavity (11), and the reversing gear set (20) is used for connecting the main gear (17) and the auxiliary rack (19) in a transmission way; the sliding rod (21) is connected with the connecting seat (16) in a sliding manner along the horizontal direction, and the auxiliary rack (19) is connected with the straight pushing arm (5) by the sliding rod (21).
  4. 4. The positioning device for welding of a trailer bridge according to claim 1, wherein each straight pushing arm (5) comprises a bottom plate (22) and a plurality of vertical arms (23) connected with the bottom plate (22), one side of each vertical arm (23) facing towards the axial limiting plate (4) is provided with a strip-shaped floating plate (24), the strip-shaped floating plate (24) is parallel to the vertical arms (23), a plurality of guide pins (25) are formed on the strip-shaped floating plate (24) at intervals along the length direction respectively, each guide pin (25) vertically penetrates through the vertical arm (23) and is provided with a limiting nut (26) in a rotating mode, and each guide pin (25) is sleeved with a second spring (27) located between the vertical arm (23) and the strip-shaped floating plate (24).
  5. 5. The positioning device for welding of a trailer bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that each clamping block (8) is arc-shaped, each inner cambered surface of each clamping block (8) can be attached to the radial outer wall of a brake bottom plate, each outer cambered surface of each clamping block (8) is fixedly provided with a limiting pin (28) extending along the horizontal direction, each bracket (1) is C-shaped, each end part of two ends of each bracket (1) is provided with a horizontal end plate (29), each end plate (29) is provided with a strip-shaped through groove (30) extending along the axial direction of each limiting pin (28), a limiting ring (31) for coaxially penetrating each limiting pin (28) is formed in each strip-shaped through groove (30), and each end part of each limiting pin (28) far away from each clamping block (8) is provided with a limiting slider (32) in sliding connection with each strip-shaped through groove (30).
  6. 6. The positioning device for welding a trailer bridge according to claim 5, wherein a mounting cavity (33) is provided in the bracket (1), a wedge block (34) extending into the mounting cavity (33) is formed at the bottom of the limit slider (32), a driving block (35) extending into the mounting cavity (33) is connected to the bottom of the pressing plate (7), and the second transmission mechanism (9) comprises: The push rod (36) is connected with the mounting cavity (33) in a sliding manner along the horizontal direction, and a first inclined surface (37) and a second inclined surface (38) are respectively arranged at two ends of the push rod (36); The ejector rod (39) is in sliding connection with the mounting cavity (33) along the vertical direction, and a third inclined plane (40) and a fourth inclined plane (41) are respectively arranged at two ends of the ejector rod (39); The driving block (35) is provided with a driving inclined plane (42) matched with the first inclined plane (37), the second inclined plane (38) is matched with the third inclined plane (40) in a wedge mode, and the fourth inclined plane (41) is matched with the wedge block (34) in a wedge mode.
  7. 7. The positioning device for welding of a trailer bridge according to claim 6, wherein a platform (43) located below the driving block (35) is formed in the mounting cavity (33), a plurality of limiting rods (44) penetrating into the platform (43) vertically downwards are formed at the bottom of the driving block (35), and a third spring (45) located between the driving block (35) and the platform (43) is sleeved on each limiting rod (44).
  8. 8. The positioning device for welding of a trailer bridge according to claim 6, wherein a bump (46) is formed at the bottom of the push rod (36), and a fourth spring (47) for pressing the push rod (36) toward the driving block (35) by abutting against the bump (46) is fixedly provided in the installation cavity (33).
  9. 9. The positioning device for welding a trailer bridge according to claim 5, wherein a fifth spring (48) is sleeved on the limiting pin (28) and is positioned between the limiting ring (31) and the limiting slide block (32).
  10. 10. The positioning device for welding of a trailer axle according to claim 1, wherein the gravity bearing seat (3) comprises an arc-shaped supporting plate (49), the length direction of the arc-shaped supporting plate (49) extends along the axial direction of the axle, and the intrados of the arc-shaped supporting plate (49) can be attached to the outer wall of the axle.

Description

Positioning device for welding trailer bridge Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of axle manufacturing, in particular to a positioning device for welding a trailer axle. Background The trailer axle is used as a key bearing part of a heavy vehicle such as a semitrailer and the like, and two ends of the trailer axle are welded with a braking bottom plate for installing a braking system. In the existing welding production line, the brake bottom plate is usually a thick casting piece with a central through hole, the gravity is large, the position is difficult to balance, and the positioning before welding becomes an industrial problem. In the prior art, a synchronous centering fixture or external V-block like three-jaw chuck is typically used for positioning. However, these prior art techniques suffer from the following significant drawbacks: firstly, the existing positioning device mostly adopts a pneumatic clamp, and for a heavy braking bottom plate, if radial clamping is carried out firstly, the axial adjustment is difficult due to larger friction force, and if axial positioning is carried out firstly, a plurality of sets of power sources are needed to be matched due to lack of power linkage. In addition, potential safety hazards of workpiece slipping can exist under the working condition of power failure and gas failure; Secondly, because the axle spans the whole welding station, the traditional upward protruding guiding or positioning structure is extremely easy to generate space interference with the falling axle tube, and if the size of the positioning structure is reduced, the friction force between the heavy-duty bottom plate and the axle tube is difficult to overcome, the bottom plate is deviated in the axial position (the length direction of the axle) and the welding consistency cannot be ensured; Third, conventional circumferential clamping methods are very prone to tilting of the clamping due to the fact that the contact points are not on the same circumferential line, and the welding path is often shielded by the full circumferential clamping structure, so that continuous circumferential welding cannot be achieved by the welding robot. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a positioning device for welding a trailer bridge, which solves the problems of the prior art. In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the positioning device for welding the trailer bridge comprises: The bracket is provided with two semicircular openings for vertically placing the brake bottom plate, and the brackets are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction; The gravity bearing seat is arranged between the two brackets and is used for bearing the axle and vertically descending after being pressed; The axial positioning mechanism is provided with two groups, and comprises an axial limiting plate and movable straight pushing arms, wherein the axial limiting plate and the movable straight pushing arms are arranged on the side part of the bracket; The radial positioning mechanism is provided with two groups and is respectively positioned in the two brackets, the radial positioning mechanism comprises a pressing plate capable of moving vertically and two symmetrically arranged clamping blocks, a second transmission mechanism is arranged between each clamping block and the pressing plate, and when the braking bottom plate presses the pressing plate to descend, the second transmission mechanism drives the two clamping blocks to close in opposite directions so as to clamp the radial outer wall of the braking bottom plate. Further, two be equipped with unable adjustment base between the bracket, set up in the unable adjustment base and hold the chamber, hold the intracavity shaping and have a plurality of along the boss of horizontal direction interval distribution, every all be fixed to be equipped with in the boss and be the uide bushing of vertical setting, gravity bears the seat and locates unable adjustment base directly over, gravity bears the bottom of seat fixed a plurality of and uide bushing grafting complex guide post, every all overlap on the guide post be located gravity bear the seat with first spring between the boss. Further, every the bracket with all be fixed between the unable adjustment base and be equipped with the linking seat, hold the intracavity rotation and be equipped with the master gear, the fixed master rack that is vertical and meshes with the master gear that is equipped with in bottom of gravity bearing seat, every first drive mechanism all includes: The auxiliary rack is connected in the accommodating cavity in a sliding manner along the horizontal direction; The reversing gear set is rotationally arranged in the accommodating cavity and is used for connecting the main gear with the auxiliary rack in a transmission manner; The sliding rod is connected with the connecting se