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CN-121972958-A - Front axle split charging device and front axle positioning method

CN121972958ACN 121972958 ACN121972958 ACN 121972958ACN-121972958-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a front axle split charging device and a front axle positioning method, which belong to the technical field of automobiles and comprise a workbench, wherein an X forward clamping mechanism and an X backward clamping mechanism are arranged at the upper end of the workbench, the X forward clamping mechanism clamps a front rolling lug of a plate spring in the X direction, the X backward clamping mechanism clamps a rear rolling lug of the plate spring in the X direction, a first YZ positioning component is further arranged at the upper end of the workbench and is positioned below the X forward clamping mechanism and the X backward clamping mechanism, the first YZ positioning component is abutted with the bottoms of the front rolling lug and the rear rolling lug, a second YZ positioning component is arranged in the middle of the X forward clamping mechanism, and the second YZ positioning component is inserted into the middle of the front rolling lug. According to the invention, the first YZ-direction positioning component and the second YZ-direction positioning component form a composite positioning structure, so that the secondary positioning of the coiled lugs of the plate spring is realized.

Inventors

  • WANG CHENGWEI
  • ZHAO ZILIN
  • LIU SUYANG
  • LIU JIWEI
  • LI DEHUA

Assignees

  • 一汽解放汽车有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260318

Claims (10)

  1. 1. Front axle partial shipment device, characterized in that includes: The device comprises a workbench (1), wherein an X forward clamping mechanism (12) and an X backward clamping mechanism (15) are arranged at the upper end of the workbench (1), the X forward clamping mechanism (12) clamps the front lugs of the leaf springs in the X direction, and the X backward clamping mechanism (15) clamps the rear lugs of the leaf springs in the X direction; The upper end of the workbench (1) is also provided with a first YZ-direction positioning component (13), the first YZ-direction positioning component (13) is positioned below the X forward clamping mechanism (12) and the X backward clamping mechanism (15), and the first YZ-direction positioning component (13) is abutted with the bottoms of the front winding lug and the rear winding lug; The middle part of the X-shaped forward clamping mechanism (12) is provided with a second YZ-direction positioning component (14), and the second YZ-direction positioning component (14) is inserted into the middle part of the front reel.
  2. 2. The front axle sub-assembly as defined in claim 1, wherein, The X forward clamping mechanism (12) and the X backward clamping mechanism (15) each comprise: The cylinder (121), the fuselage of the said cylinder (121) is fixed on said working table (1); The first clamping plate (123), the first end of the first clamping plate (123) is fixed on a cylinder push rod (122) of the cylinder (121) and can slide along a slide rail under the driving of the cylinder push rod (122), the second end of the first clamping plate (123) is fixedly connected with the first end of a first rack (124), the second end of the first rack (124) is meshed with the first end of a gear (126), and the middle part of the gear (126) is rotationally connected to the workbench (1); the second clamping plate (127), be connected with second rack (125) first end on second clamping plate (127), second rack (125) second end with gear (126) second end meshing, second clamping plate (127) can be driven by gear (126) down along the slide rail slides.
  3. 3. The front axle sub-assembly as defined in claim 2, wherein, The first YZ-direction positioning assembly (13) comprises: YZ is to locating piece (131), YZ is to locating piece (131) are located between first splint (123) and second splint (127), YZ is to locating piece (131) both ends through the butterfly bolt demountable installation on workstation (1).
  4. 4. The front axle sub-assembly as defined in claim 3, wherein, The YZ positioning block (131) is a V-shaped cushion block.
  5. 5. The front axle sub-assembly as defined in claim 2, wherein, The second YZ-directional positioning assembly (14) comprises: The first locating pin (142), the first end of the first locating pin (142) is inserted into the first through hole in the middle of the first clamping plate (123), the second end of the first locating pin (142) is inserted into one side of the middle of the front reel, and the middle of the first locating pin (142) is fixed in the first clamping plate (123) through a first lock pin (141); The first end of the second locating pin (144) is inserted into a second through hole in the middle of the second clamping plate (127), the second end of the second locating pin (144) is inserted into the other side of the middle of the front rolling lug, and the middle of the second locating pin (144) is fixed in the second clamping plate (127) through a second lock pin (143).
  6. 6. The front axle sub-assembly as defined in claim 2, wherein, The X is also provided with an auxiliary positioning frame (11) at the inner side of the front clamping mechanism (12), the auxiliary positioning frame (11) comprises two baffle plates which are oppositely arranged, and the upper ends of the two baffle plates form a Y-shaped opening for placing the leaf springs.
  7. 7. The front axle sub-assembly as defined in claim 1, wherein, The side part of the workbench (1) is provided with a bracket (16).
  8. 8. A method of front axle positioning, characterized in that it is accomplished by a front axle sub-packaging device according to any one of claims 1-7, said method comprising: S1, performing model changing adaptation on a front axle split charging device according to the model of a plate spring of a front suspension (2) to be assembled; S2, enabling a front rolling lug of the plate spring to fall into an X forward clamping mechanism (12) and to be abutted against a first YZ-direction positioning assembly (13), enabling a rear rolling lug of the plate spring to fall into an X backward clamping mechanism (15) and to be abutted against the first YZ-direction positioning assembly (13), and enabling a second YZ-direction positioning assembly to be aligned with the middle part of the front rolling lug; s3, simultaneously starting cylinders in the X backward clamping mechanism (15) and the X forward clamping mechanism (12) to enable the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate to clamp the same distance to the middle, so as to fix the plate spring; S4, lifting the front axle to the plate spring by using a lifting appliance, mounting the front axle on the plate spring, and fixing the front axle by using a front axle U-shaped bolt and a front axle cushion block, so that the X-direction back clamping mechanism (15) and the X-direction front clamping mechanism (12) move outwards, and lifting the front axle to be assembled on line by using a lifting device.
  9. 9. The method for positioning a front axle according to claim 8, wherein, The step S1 of the transformation adaptation specifically comprises the following steps: According to the size of the front rolling lug of the current plate spring, the first lock pin (141) and the second lock pin (143) are loosened, and the first positioning pin (142) and the second positioning pin (144) matched with the diameter of the pin hole of the rolling lug are replaced; According to the arc height or the size of a rolling lug of the current plate spring, the butterfly bolt is loosened, and the YZ-direction positioning block (131) matched with the contour of the bottom of the rolling lug is replaced, so that the positioning datum plane of the plate spring with different types is always accurately attached to the positioning assembly in the rough positioning and fine positioning processes.
  10. 10. The method for positioning a front axle according to claim 8, wherein, The step S3 specifically comprises the following steps: S301, starting an air cylinder (121), and driving a first clamping plate (123) to move along a sliding rail towards the leaf spring by an air cylinder push rod (122); S302, the first clamp plate (123) drives the first rack (124) to move, the first rack (124) drives the gear (126) to rotate, the gear (126) synchronously drives the second rack (125) to drive the second clamp plate (127) to move in the direction opposite to the direction of the first clamp plate (123), equidistant centering clamping of the first clamp plate (123) and the second clamp plate (127) on the coiled lugs of the leaf springs is achieved, and in the centering clamping process, a first locating pin (142) fixed on the first clamp plate (123) and a second locating pin (144) fixed on the second clamp plate (127) are respectively inserted into the middle part of the front coiled lugs from two sides at the same time, so that compound locating of the leaf springs in the X direction and the YZ direction is achieved.

Description

Front axle split charging device and front axle positioning method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a front axle split charging device and a front axle positioning method. Background Front axle split charging is a key link in the automobile assembly process, and the assembly precision of the front axle split charging directly influences the four-wheel positioning parameters and the running stability of the whole automobile. Before assembling the frames, it is necessary to sub-mount the leaf springs, the front axle, and other components into a front suspension assembly. In order to ensure the subsequent smooth connection with the frame and the whole vehicle assembly quality, the front suspension sub-packaging is required to meet strict precision requirements, wherein the coaxiality deviation of the front rolling lug pin holes of the left and right plate springs is not more than phi 0.5mm, and the inner width deviation of the front and rear rolling lugs of the left and right plate springs is |C-D| <1mm. Currently, various front axle split charging tool schemes exist in the industry. For example, a split charging trolley of a heavy commercial vehicle axle adopts a fixed supporting structure to coarsely position a front suspension leaf spring, but the scheme does not consider the accurate positioning of leaf spring lugs, is difficult to meet the precision requirement, can only adapt to the change of leaf spring length, and has insufficient adaptability to different leaf spring widths, different lug pin hole diameters and different lug sizes. For another example, a front axle suspension split-charging tool capable of slidably adjusting a supporting arm is disclosed in the prior art, the front axles with different wheelbases are adapted by slidably adjusting the relative distance between the front supporting arm and the rear supporting arm, but the positioning of the plate spring is still relatively simple, and the multidirectional accurate positioning at the reel is not involved. In addition, the split charging tool adopts a left plate spring positioning mechanism and a right plate spring positioning mechanism, and the distance between the left plate spring positioning mechanism and the right plate spring positioning mechanism is adjusted through a translation mechanism so as to adapt to different plate spring widths, but the positioning mode is still mainly limited in a single direction, and a composite positioning structure for the lug winding pin holes is lacked. In addition, the design of the split charging platform supporting rod with adjustable height is provided in the prior art so as to adapt to front axles with different specifications, but the problem of accurate positioning of the leaf spring rolling lugs is not solved. In summary, the existing front axle split charging device has the defects that firstly, the positioning accuracy of the plate spring is insufficient, most of the plate spring is coarsely positioned in one direction, the coaxiality requirement of the front lug pin holes of the left plate spring and the right plate spring is difficult to ensure, secondly, the adaptability is limited, most of the scheme only can adapt to single change of the length or the width of the plate spring, when the size of the plate spring lug and the diameter of the pin hole change, the whole tool is required to be replaced or the plate spring split charging device cannot be used, and thirdly, most of the positioning mechanisms are independently adjusted, the operation is complex, and the symmetrical clamping accuracy of the left side and the right side is difficult to ensure. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a front axle split charging device and a front axle positioning method capable of carrying out secondary fine positioning on a front suspension, and compatible positioning on different leaf spring widths, different lug pin hole diameters and different lug sizes is realized through a positioning component structure capable of being replaced quickly. The invention provides the following scheme: in a first aspect, the present application features a front axle sub-packaging apparatus comprising: the workbench is provided with an X forward clamping mechanism and an X backward clamping mechanism at the upper end, wherein the X forward clamping mechanism clamps the front lugs of the leaf springs in the X direction, and the X backward clamping mechanism clamps the rear lugs of the leaf springs in the X direction; the upper end of the workbench is also provided with a first YZ-direction positioning assembly, the first YZ-direction positioning assembly is positioned below the X forward clamping mechanism and the X backward clamping mechanism, and the first YZ-direction positioning assembly is in butt joint with the bottoms of the front rolling lug and the rear rolling lug; The X is equipped with second YZ to locating component towards c