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CN-121972991-A - Five-axis machining center and use method

CN121972991ACN 121972991 ACN121972991 ACN 121972991ACN-121972991-A

Abstract

The invention provides a five-axis machining center which comprises a machine tool body, wherein a lifting main shaft and a cradle turntable are arranged on the inner side of the machine tool body, a plane two-axis driving mechanism is arranged between the cradle turntable and the machine tool body and can drive the cradle turntable to move on an XY axis, the plane two-axis driving mechanism comprises an X-axis driving assembly and a Y-axis driving assembly, the X-axis driving assembly and the Y-axis driving assembly are in orthogonal connection, a scrap collecting mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the machine tool body and can collect scraps produced by machining the machine tool body, a heat dissipation mechanism is arranged in the cradle turntable and comprises an impeller, the impeller is assembled at a rotating shaft of the cradle turntable in a transmission mode, and the impeller can dissipate heat in the cradle turntable through rotation. The cradle turntable can solve the technical problem that the existing cradle turntable generally only depends on the processing liquid to dissipate heat on the surface and has poor heat dissipation effect on the interior of the cradle turntable.

Inventors

  • LIU JIANDONG
  • WAN ZHIWEI

Assignees

  • 重庆乔柏智能科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260123

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A five-axis machining center, comprising: the cradle turntable comprises a machine tool body (1), wherein a lifting main shaft (11) and a cradle turntable (2) are assembled on the inner side of the machine tool body (1), a plane biaxial driving mechanism is assembled between the cradle turntable (2) and the machine tool body (1), and the plane biaxial driving mechanism can drive the cradle turntable (2) to move on an XY axis; The plane two-axis driving mechanism comprises an X-axis driving assembly and a Y-axis driving assembly, and the X-axis driving assembly is orthogonally connected with the Y-axis driving assembly; The rear side of the machine tool body (1) is provided with a scrap collecting mechanism, and the scrap collecting mechanism can collect scraps generated by machining the machine tool body (1); The cradle turntable (2) is internally provided with a heat dissipation mechanism, the heat dissipation mechanism comprises an impeller (25), the impeller (25) is assembled at the rotating shaft of the cradle turntable (2) in a transmission way, and the impeller (25) can be rotated to dissipate heat inside the cradle turntable (2).
  2. 2. The five axis machining center of claim 1, wherein the Y-axis drive assembly comprises: the Y-axis servo motor (12) is fixedly assembled in the machine tool body (1); The Y-axis ball screw (121) is rotationally assembled on the machine tool body (1), and the output end of the Y-axis servo motor (12) is in transmission connection with the Y-axis ball screw (121); The X-axis driving assembly includes: The frame (13) is fixedly assembled at the moving end of the Y-axis ball screw (121); an X-axis servo motor (131) fixedly assembled on the frame (13); The X-axis ball screw (132) is rotationally assembled on the frame (13), the output end of the X-axis servo motor (131) is in transmission connection with the X-axis ball screw (132), and the moving end of the X-axis ball screw (132) is in transmission connection with the cradle turntable (2); The machine tool comprises an X-axis ball screw (132) and Y-axis ball screw (121), telescopic chip-proof covers (14) are respectively arranged between two sides of the moving end of the Y-axis ball screw (121) and the machine tool body (1), and buffer rubber rings (141) are respectively arranged between the cover bodies of the telescopic chip-proof covers (14).
  3. 3. The five-axis machining center according to claim 1, wherein the scrap collecting mechanism includes: The collecting base (15) is fixedly assembled inside the machine tool body (1), and a fence (151) is fixedly assembled between the collecting base (15) and the machine tool body (1); The treatment water tank (152) is slidably assembled on the rear side of the machine tool body (1), and a filter tank (153) is assembled on the upper side of the treatment water tank (152).
  4. 4. A five-axis machining center according to claim 1, wherein the cradle turret (2) comprises: the bearing seat (21) and the torque motor (22), wherein the bearing seat (21) is fixedly assembled at the output end of the planar biaxial driving mechanism, and the torque motor (22) is fixedly assembled at the upper end of the bearing seat (21); cradle seat (23), rotate and assemble in the inboard of bearing seat (21), torque motor (22) output with cradle seat (23) transmission connection, cradle seat (23) inside rotates and is equipped with C axle (24), C axle (24) upper end fixed mounting has work revolving stage (241); A C-axis driving assembly is arranged between the C-axis (24) and the cradle seat (23), and the C-axis driving assembly can drive the C-axis (24) to rotate; A brake (242) is arranged between the C-axis (24) and the cradle seat (23).
  5. 5. The five axis machining center of claim 4, wherein the C-axis drive assembly comprises: A worm wheel (243) fixedly mounted on the C-axis (24); A worm (244) rotatably fitted inside the cradle seat (23) and engaged with the worm wheel (243); the C-axis servo motor (245) is fixedly assembled in the cradle seat (23), and the output end of the C-axis servo motor (245) is in transmission connection with the worm (244); the number of the assembly groups of the worm (244) and the C-axis servo motor (245) is two, and the centers of the assembly groups are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the worm wheel (243).
  6. 6. The five-axis machining center according to claim 4, wherein a heat dissipation groove (26) communicated with the middle of the impeller (25) is formed in the middle of the C-axis (24), a ventilation filter plate (261) rotationally connected with the C-axis (24) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the cradle seat (23), the impeller (25) is assembled on the C-axis (24), a limiting ring (251) is rotationally arranged in the middle of the impeller (25), and the limiting ring (251) is fixedly connected with the C-axis (24); A plurality of groups of first arc-shaped protruding blocks (252) are symmetrically arranged in the center of the inner side of the impeller (25), first elastic pieces (253) are fixedly arranged between the first arc-shaped protruding blocks (252) and the impeller (25), and a plurality of uniformly distributed first arc-shaped sliding blocks (254) are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the limiting ring (251); When the limiting ring (251) rotates forwards, the guide inclined plane of the first arc-shaped lug (252) is abutted against and matched with the corresponding inclined plane of the first arc-shaped sliding block (254) in a sliding manner, and when the limiting ring (251) rotates reversely, the stop surface of the first arc-shaped lug (252) is abutted against and matched with the stop surface of the first arc-shaped sliding block (254); A plurality of second arc-shaped sliding blocks (255) which are uniformly distributed are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the impeller (25), a plurality of second arc-shaped protruding blocks (257) which are matched with the second arc-shaped sliding blocks (256) are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the cradle seat (23), and a second elastic piece (258) is fixedly arranged between the second arc-shaped protruding blocks (257) and the cradle seat (23); When the impeller (25) rotates reversely, the guide inclined plane of the second arc-shaped protruding block (257) is abutted against and matched with the corresponding inclined plane of the second arc-shaped sliding block (256) in a sliding mode, and when the limiting ring (251) rotates positively, the stop surface of the second arc-shaped protruding block (257) is abutted against and matched with the stop surface of the second arc-shaped sliding block (256).
  7. 7. The five-axis machining center according to claim 6, wherein the number of the heat dissipation mechanisms is two, the two heat dissipation mechanisms are both assembled on the C-axis (24), the two heat dissipation mechanisms are distributed in a central symmetry manner with respect to a plane center perpendicular to an axis of the C-axis (24), that is, the two heat dissipation mechanisms are arranged in a vertical central symmetry manner, and the two heat dissipation mechanisms are both assembled on the upper side of the C-axis driving assembly.
  8. 8. The five-axis machining center according to claim 6, wherein the working turntable (241) is provided with a plurality of positioning sliding grooves (2411) which are distributed in a central symmetry manner, a piston cavity (2412) which is communicated with the plurality of positioning sliding grooves (2411) is formed in the middle of the working turntable (241), a plurality of unidirectional nozzles (2413) are arranged between the plurality of positioning sliding grooves (2411) and the piston cavity (2412), and an exhaust mechanism is arranged between the working turntable (241) and the C-axis (24), and comprises: The piston member (2414), upper and lower sealed sliding fit in piston chamber (2412) middle part, piston member (2414) middle part is equipped with check valve (2415), piston member (2414) upper end with install extension spring (2416) between piston chamber (2412), piston member (2414) downside is equipped with vertical driving piece, through vertical driving piece can drive piston member (2414) slides downwards.
  9. 9. The five-axis machining center according to claim 8, wherein the vertical driving piece comprises a bottle-shaped column (2417), the bottle-shaped column (2417) is assembled in the middle of the heat dissipation groove (26) in an up-down sealing sliding manner, the bottle-shaped column (2417) is inverted in the middle of the heat dissipation groove (26), the bottle-shaped column (2417) is hollow, and an arc transition area of the bottle-shaped column (2417) is positioned at the air outlet ends of the two impellers (25); The bottle-shaped column (2417) is fixedly connected with the piston piece (2414), the bottle bottom is communicated with the lower side of the piston cavity (2412), a sealing ring (2418) is fixedly arranged on the bottle opening of the bottle-shaped column (2417), and the sealing ring (2418) is in sealing sliding connection with the bottom of the heat dissipation groove (26).
  10. 10. A method of using a five-axis machining center, based on any one of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of: before the machine tool is used for processing an object to be processed, the cradle seat is adjusted to rotate by the driving torque motor, so that an operator can observe the ventilation filter plate, and the operator can check whether the filter cotton or the filter cloth arranged at the ventilation filter plate is clean or not, thereby being beneficial to air intake at the bottom of the cradle seat, avoiding waste scraps entering the bottom of the cradle seat, and finishing or replacing the filter cotton or the filter cloth if the filter cotton or the filter cloth is not clean; After the inspection of the bottom of the cradle seat is finished, the C-axis servo motor of one C-axis driving assembly is driven to enable the worm to rotate forwards to a designated scale, one side of the worm rotating tooth of the C-axis driving assembly is enabled to abut against one side of the worm wheel bevel gear, then the C-axis servo motor of the other C-axis driving assembly is driven to enable the worm to rotate backwards to a designated scale, one side of the worm rotating tooth of the C-axis driving assembly is enabled to abut against one side of the worm wheel bevel gear, and further abutting action is formed on the worm wheel by means of the two worms, so that the influence of a tiny gap between the worm and the worm wheel on a machining process is avoided, and meanwhile the condition that a machine tool frequently performs machining compensation is reduced; Then the object to be processed can be fixedly arranged on the working turntable, then the cabin door of the machine tool is closed, the machine tool is started to process the object to be processed by utilizing the lifting main shaft, the plane biaxial driving mechanism and the cradle turntable, and the waste collection mechanism can collect processing liquid and waste in the processing process.

Description

Five-axis machining center and use method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of five-axis machining tools, in particular to a five-axis machining center and a using method thereof. Background The cradle turntable of the five-axis machining center is a core functional component for realizing complex space curved surface machining, the structure of the cradle turntable integrates double rotating shafts into a whole, is generally formed in a combined mode of an A axis and a C axis, and can bear workpieces at multiple angles and finish continuous positioning. In the high-strength continuous processing process, a driving motor in the cradle turntable continuously runs to generate a large amount of Joule heat, the mechanical friction of a transmission system simultaneously generates considerable heat, and the cutting heat conducted to the working table surface by a workpiece cutting area further increases the heat input. In particular, the interior space of the turntable is relatively closed, the heat exchange path is limited, and heat is easy to accumulate in the bearing, the servo motor and the gear transmission area. The continuous heat accumulation easily causes the key parts of the turntable to generate thermoelastic deformation, so that the position of the rotation axis drifts, and the position precision and the positioning stability of the double rotation shafts are directly affected. The existing cradle turntable generally only depends on the processing liquid to dissipate heat on the surface, and the heat dissipation effect on the interior of the cradle turntable is poor. Therefore, a five-axis machining center and a using method thereof are provided to solve the problems. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a five-axis machining center and a using method thereof, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing cradle turntable in the prior art generally dissipates heat on the surface only by means of machining fluid and has poor heat dissipation effect on the interior of the cradle turntable. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the five-axis machining center comprises: The machine tool comprises a machine tool body, wherein a lifting main shaft and a cradle turntable are arranged in the machine tool body, a plane two-axis driving mechanism is arranged between the cradle turntable and the machine tool body, and the plane two-axis driving mechanism can drive the cradle turntable to move on an XY axis; The plane two-axis driving mechanism comprises an X-axis driving assembly and a Y-axis driving assembly, and the X-axis driving assembly is orthogonally connected with the Y-axis driving assembly; The machine tool comprises a machine tool body, wherein a waste collection mechanism is arranged at the rear side of the machine tool body and can collect waste generated by machining the machine tool body; the cradle turntable is internally provided with a heat dissipation mechanism, the heat dissipation mechanism comprises an impeller, the impeller is assembled at the rotating shaft of the cradle turntable in a transmission way, and the impeller can dissipate heat inside the cradle turntable through rotation. In a preferred embodiment, the Y-axis drive assembly comprises: the Y-axis servo motor is fixedly assembled in the machine tool body; the Y-axis ball screw is rotationally assembled on the machine tool body, and the output end of the Y-axis servo motor is in transmission connection with the Y-axis ball screw; The X-axis driving assembly includes: The rack is fixedly assembled at the movable end of the Y-axis ball screw; The X-axis servo motor is fixedly assembled on the frame; the X-axis ball screw is rotationally assembled on the frame, the output end of the X-axis servo motor is in transmission connection with the X-axis ball screw, and the moving end of the X-axis ball screw is in transmission connection with the cradle turntable; the X-axis ball screw and the Y-axis ball screw are respectively provided with a telescopic chip-preventing cover between two sides of the movable end of the Y-axis ball screw and the machine tool body, and buffer rubber rings are respectively arranged between the cover bodies of the telescopic chip-preventing covers. In a preferred embodiment, the scrap collecting mechanism includes: the collecting base is fixedly assembled in the machine tool body, and a fence is fixedly assembled between the collecting base and the machine tool body; the processing water tank is slidably assembled on the rear side of the machine tool body, and a filter box is assembled on the upper side of the processing water tank. In a preferred embodiment, the cradle turntable comprises: the bearing seat is fixedly assembled at the output end of the planar biaxial driving mechanism, and the torque motor is fixedly assembled at the upper end of the bearing seat; the cradle seat is rotationally assembled on