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CN-121973005-A - Multi-tool magazine switching method and numerical control cutting and grinding machining center thereof

CN121973005ACN 121973005 ACN121973005 ACN 121973005ACN-121973005-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-tool magazine switching method and a numerical control grinding machining center thereof, wherein the multi-tool magazine switching method comprises the following steps of firstly taking tools from a chain on a tool taking position of a chain-type tool magazine by a tool changing mechanism, secondly determining displacement when the chain rotates, thirdly translating a milling head far away from the chain-type tool magazine and close to the machining mechanism by the tool changing mechanism, fourthly driving the chain to intermittently rotate by the chain-type tool magazine by taking the distance between two adjacent tools as single displacement, and in only one intermittent displacement in the process, driving the tool changing head by the chain-type tool magazine to change tools. According to the invention, the cutter to be extracted on the cutter extraction position can be replaced and the cutter can be replaced to carry out cutter head and cutter replacement parallel operation, so that the processing waiting time is reduced, the closed loop continuous operation of 'extracting, moving, replacing, resetting and re-extracting' is realized, and the overall flexibility of the multi-cutter-base processing center is improved.

Inventors

  • LIU JING
  • CAO RONG
  • CAO RUIMIN
  • XU ZONGTAO

Assignees

  • 杭州芝元机电有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260409

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The multi-tool library switching method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Firstly, a cutter changing head of a cutter changing mechanism takes off a cutter from a chain on a cutter taking position of a chain type cutter magazine, and the cutter changing head is in a vertical inclined state at the moment; Step two, acquiring the distance between the cutter for taking the cutter next time and the cutter taking position according to the fixed position where the cutters are placed on the chain and the position relation between the two types of cutters which are alternately arranged at equal intervals, and determining the displacement when the chain rotates; translating the cutter changing mechanism away from the chain type cutter magazine and approaching the milling head of the processing mechanism, and keeping the cutter changing disc in a vertical inclined state in the process; The chain type tool magazine drives the tool changing disc to change the cutter head in only one intermittent displacement in the process, and the tool changing disc is in a horizontal state after finishing tool changing; The cutter changing mechanism translates away from the milling head and approaches the chain type cutter magazine, and before the cutter of the next cutter taking on the chain is not moved to the cutter taking position, the cutter changing disc keeps a horizontal state and is not translated to the bottom; and step six, the cutter changing mechanism is horizontally moved to the bottom, and in the process, the cutter changing head is restored to a vertical inclined state from a horizontal state, and the chain is kept in a static state.
  2. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step four, during a single displacement of the chain, the chain magazine drives the cutter changing disc to rotate reversely and then to change from a vertical inclined state to a horizontal state, the cutter on the milling head is removed, and the cutter changing disc is driven to rotate forwardly and then to maintain the horizontal state, so that the cutter removed from the chain is mounted on the milling head.
  3. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein in the step six, before the cutter changing head starts to return from the horizontal state to the vertical inclined state, the cutter changing head places the cutter removed from the milling head on the temporary storage position of the chain type cutter magazine until the fixed position on the chain for placing the temporary storage cutter is on the same horizontal line with the temporary storage position in the intermittent rotation process of the chain, and the temporary storage cutter is transferred to the chain.
  4. 4. A numerical control grinding machining center, comprising: A machining mechanism for performing a grinding process on a workpiece; the chain type tool magazine is used for storing two types of tools, and the two types of tools are clamped and fixed on a chain of the chain type tool magazine at equal intervals in an alternating manner; The cutter changing mechanism is used for changing cutters on the chain to milling heads of the processing mechanism, two ends of a cutter changing disc of the cutter changing mechanism are respectively provided with two cutter collecting positions, and the distance between the two cutter collecting positions positioned on the same side is the same as the distance between two adjacent cutters on the chain; The chain type cutter magazine is characterized in that a cutter taking position is arranged on the chain type cutter magazine, a cutter pushing mechanism used for pushing cutters to be released and connected with the chain is arranged on the cutter taking position, a driving mechanism used for driving the chain to intermittently rotate is arranged on the chain type cutter magazine, the chain is used for realizing replacement of the cutter to be taken on the cutter taking position through the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the cutter changing disc through a transmission mechanism, so that the chain type cutter magazine can drive the cutter changing disc to replace the cutter of the milling head in only one intermittent displacement of the intermittent rotation process of the chain when the cutter to be taken on the cutter taking position.
  5. 5. The numerical control cutting and grinding machining center of claim 4, wherein the tool changing mechanism further comprises a sliding seat, the sliding seat is horizontally arranged on the machine body in a sliding mode, a first linear driving device for driving the sliding seat to move relative to the machine body is arranged on the machine body, the tool changing disc is rotationally connected to the sliding seat, the chain and the milling head are respectively positioned on two ends of a horizontal moving track of the tool changing disc, a plurality of first tool holders for clamping and pulling tools on the tool taking position into the tool collecting position are slidably arranged on the tool changing disc, the number of the first tool holders is the same as that of the tool collecting positions, and the first tool holders are in one-to-one correspondence with the tool changing disc, and a driving device for driving the first tool holders to linearly slide relative to the tool changing disc is arranged on the tool changing disc.
  6. 6. The numerical control grinding machining center of claim 5, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a rotating shaft, a switching unit and a driving unit for driving the rotating shaft to rotate forward and backward, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the machine body, the rotating shaft is of a telescopic structure and penetrates through the sliding seat and is fixedly connected with the cutter changing disc, the driving unit is in transmission connection with the driving mechanism through the switching unit, the switching unit comprises the switching seat, the switching seat is slidably arranged on the machine body, a second linear driving device for driving the switching seat to move relative to the machine body is mounted on the machine body, the switching seat is rotatably connected with a switching shaft, the switching shaft is sequentially connected with the driving mechanism through a gear transmission mechanism and a synchronous belt transmission mechanism, the machine body is rotatably connected with a transmission shaft, a driving gear is fixedly connected onto the transmission shaft, the switching gear is mounted on the switching shaft, the transmission shaft is provided with the transmission gear and a limiting disc, when a cutter to be taken with a cutter to be taken in the same type as the cutter to be taken in the previous time, the cutter to be in different type, the switching gear is meshed with the transmission gear, a convex column is mounted on the transmission gear, a convex column is arranged on the transmission gear, a sliding column is used for switching a position on the convex column is arranged on the rotary column, and a sliding column is used for being taken from the rotary column to be in the rotary column to a sliding position.
  7. 7. The numerical control skiving machining center of claim 6, wherein the driving unit comprises an upper roller, a lower roller and a driving seat, the upper roller and the lower roller are arranged up and down and are both rotationally connected to the machine body, the upper roller and the lower roller are connected with the transmission shaft through a gear transmission mechanism, a worm gear transmission mechanism and a synchronous belt transmission mechanism in sequence, the driving seat is slidably arranged on the machine body, the transmission shaft drives the driving seat to slide relative to the machine body through a belt conveying device, the driving seat is fixedly connected to a belt of the belt conveying device, the length of the belt is four times of the length of the upper roller, the lengths of the upper roller and the lower roller are the same, the driving seat is positioned between two adjacent ends of the upper roller and the lower roller, the length of a moving track of the upper roller is the same as the length of the upper roller, the side surface of the upper roller is provided with a first arc line groove, a second arc groove and a straight line groove, the outer ends of the first arc groove and the second arc groove are respectively positioned on the end surfaces of the two ends of the upper roller and are communicated with the inner ends of the upper roller, the horizontal distance between the two ends of the first arc groove is smaller than the horizontal distance between the two ends of the second arc groove, the straight line groove is respectively positioned on the two ends of the upper end surfaces of the upper roller and the two ends of the straight line groove are respectively positioned between the two ends of the upper roller and the lower roller and the upper roller is in turn close to the same with the straight line groove, and the upper roller is provided with a straight line groove, and the upper cutter is arranged on the upper roller and the upper cutter and the upper roller and the upper cutter is in turn, and the upper cutter is in turn arranged on the same with the upper roller and the straight line groove.
  8. 8. The numerical control grinding machining center of claim 7, wherein the reset unit comprises a reset shaft, the reset shaft is rotationally connected to the machine body, the reset shaft is in transmission connection with any one of the upper roller and the lower roller through a gear transmission mechanism, reset grooves which are used for being communicated with two adjacent ends between the linear groove and the first arc groove are formed in the upper roller and the lower roller, a reset gear is connected to the machine body through a first one-way bearing, a reset rack matched with the reset gear is mounted on the sliding seat, a synchronous belt transmission mechanism is arranged between the reset shaft and the reset gear, the synchronous belt transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with the synchronous belt transmission mechanism through a bevel gear transmission mechanism, two switching gears which can be meshed with the transmission gear are connected to the switching shaft through a second one-way bearing, the transmission gear can be connected with the transmission shaft through a third one-way bearing, and the transmission gear can be sequentially connected with the reset gear through the synchronous belt transmission mechanism and the bevel gear transmission mechanism.
  9. 9. The numerical control grinding machining center of claim 6, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a driving wheel and three driven wheels, the driving wheel and the driven wheels are both rotatably connected to the machine body, a stepping motor for driving the driving wheel to intermittently rotate relative to the machine body is arranged on the machine body, an output shaft of the stepping motor is in transmission connection with the switching shaft sequentially through a synchronous belt transmission mechanism and a gear transmission mechanism, a chain is wound on the driving wheel and the driven wheels, and a cutter taking position is located between two adjacent driven wheels.
  10. 10. The numerical control cutting and grinding machining center according to claim 4, wherein the chain type tool magazine is provided with a temporary storage position, the temporary storage position is provided with a clamping mechanism for clamping a tool back to a chain, the clamping mechanism comprises a conveying seat, the conveying seat is horizontally arranged on the machine body in a sliding mode, a third linear driving device for driving the conveying seat to slide relative to the conveying seat is arranged on the machine body, the moving direction of the conveying seat is parallel to the moving direction of the sliding seat, the conveying seat is rotatably provided with a second tool holder, the conveying seat is provided with a first driving motor for driving the second tool holder to rotate relative to the second tool holder, and the chain is located on a rotating track of the second tool holder.

Description

Multi-tool magazine switching method and numerical control cutting and grinding machining center thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the field of machining, in particular to a multi-tool magazine switching method and a numerical control grinding machining center thereof. Background The machining center is an important category of a numerical control machine tool, and an automatic tool changing system is a key device for realizing multi-working-procedure continuous machining and improving production efficiency. The automatic tool changing system mainly comprises a tool magazine, a tool changing mechanism and a control system, and the tool changing efficiency, the reliability and the tool magazine capacity of the automatic tool changing system directly influence the overall process performance of the machining center. At present, along with the development of manufacturing industry to multiple varieties, small batches and complex process directions, a single tool magazine is difficult to meet the requirements of complex part processing on the types and the quantity of tools, a plurality of tool magazines are configured to become an important technical scheme for improving the processing capacity and the flexibility of a large-scale processing center, for example, a turning and milling compound processing center is provided with double tool magazines for respectively storing turning tools and milling tools to realize seamless connection of turning and milling procedures, and symmetrical layout of the double tool magazines is adopted to expand the tool capacity to shorten a tool taking path or realize redundant backup of the tools and the like. When the machining center is configured with a plurality of tool magazines, as the tool changing mechanism needs to switch between different tool magazines, the non-machining time in the tool changing period is increased, especially in the processes of taking, moving, changing and resetting different types of tools between the tool magazines and the machining mechanism, for example, taking tools in the current tool magazine, and after the subsequent complete tool changing, the changed tools need to be replaced by the corresponding tool magazines, and if the type of tools needed for the next machining is different from the type of tools required for the next machining, the tools need to be moved to the other tool magazines for taking tools. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a multi-tool magazine switching method and a numerical control cutting and grinding machining center thereof, which can replace tools to be taken on a tool taking position and change tool heads to carry out cutter head and tool changing parallel operation, reduce the machining waiting time, realize closed loop continuous operation of 'taking tools, moving tools, changing tools, resetting and re-taking tools', and improve the overall flexibility of the multi-tool magazine machining center. The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme: a multi-tool library switching method comprises the following steps: Firstly, a cutter changing head of a cutter changing mechanism takes off a cutter from a chain on a cutter taking position of a chain type cutter magazine, and the cutter changing head is in a vertical inclined state at the moment; Step two, acquiring the distance between the cutter for taking the cutter next time and the cutter taking position according to the fixed position where the cutters are placed on the chain and the position relation between the two types of cutters which are alternately arranged at equal intervals, and determining the displacement when the chain rotates; translating the cutter changing mechanism away from the chain type cutter magazine and approaching the milling head of the processing mechanism, and keeping the cutter changing disc in a vertical inclined state in the process; The chain type tool magazine drives the tool changing disc to change the cutter head in only one intermittent displacement in the process, and the tool changing disc is in a horizontal state after finishing tool changing; The cutter changing mechanism translates away from the milling head and approaches the chain type cutter magazine, and before the cutter of the next cutter taking on the chain is not moved to the cutter taking position, the cutter changing disc keeps a horizontal state and is not translated to the bottom; and step six, the cutter changing mechanism is horizontally moved to the bottom, and in the process, the cutter changing head is restored to a vertical inclined state from a horizontal state, and the chain is kept in a static state. In the fourth step, the chain magazine drives the cutter changing disc to rotate reversely and then to change from a vertical inclined state to a horizontal state in the single displacement process of the chain, the cutter on the milling head is taken down, the cutter changing disc is driven to