CN-121973081-A - Multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable magnetorheological polishing device for three-dimensional elbow inner flow passage

CN121973081ACN 121973081 ACN121973081 ACN 121973081ACN-121973081-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable magnetorheological polishing device for a three-dimensional elbow inner flow passage, and belongs to the technical field of ultra-precision machining equipment. The device comprises a magnetorheological fluid reciprocating driving system, a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable clamping platform, a lifting device, a three-dimensional bent pipe workpiece and a sliding guide rail, wherein the magnetorheological fluid reciprocating driving system realizes the reciprocating driving of the magnetorheological fluid through the cooperation of four cylinders and a connector, the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable clamping platform can adjust the angle of the cylinders in a multi-dimensional manner, and the lifting device is matched with the sliding guide rail to be matched with bent pipes with different sizes, so that the accurate butt joint of the cylinders and the bent pipes is ensured. The invention solves the problems that the traditional platform can only process straight pipes and has poor clamping universality, and can be widely applied to ultra-precise processing of various complex inner runner components.

Inventors

JIANG SHENGQIANG
LIU GUIYANG
ZENG TAI
TANG WENBO
HUANG SHAOFENG
YE YIXUAN
LIU YUEKAI

Assignees

湘潭大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260319

Claims (8)

1. A multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable three-dimensional elbow inner flow passage magnetorheological polishing device comprises a magnetorheological fluid reciprocating driving system (1), a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable clamping platform (2), a lifting device (3), a three-dimensional elbow workpiece (4) and a sliding guide rail (5); The magnetorheological fluid reciprocating driving system (1) comprises four air cylinders (11), two Y-shaped joints (12) and two I-shaped joints (13), wherein tapping holes (111) are formed in one side of each air cylinder (11), the tapping holes (111) are used for being in butt joint communication with the end parts of three-dimensional elbow workpieces (4), piston rods of the air cylinders (11) are in threaded connection with the Y-shaped joints (12) and the I-shaped joints (13), the Y-shaped joints (12) are hinged with the I-shaped joints (13) through pin shafts (14), and the magnetorheological fluid reciprocating driving system (1) is used for reciprocally driving magnetorheological fluid to flow in an inner flow passage of the three-dimensional elbow workpieces (4); The multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable clamping platform (2) comprises a first pair of air cylinders (11 a), a multi-angle adjustable mechanism (22), a circular guide rail (21), a rotating platform (225) and a set screw (224), wherein an arc-shaped track (229) which is matched and embedded with the circular guide rail (21) is arranged at the bottom of the rotating platform (225), the set screw (224) penetrates through the arc-shaped track (229) at the bottom of the rotating platform (225), the locking of the circumferential angle of the rotating platform (225) is achieved when the set screw (224) is screwed, the circular guide rail (21) is fixedly arranged on an inclined surface of the multi-angle adjustable mechanism (22), circumferential angle adjustment of a first pair of air cylinders (11 a) is achieved through nesting with the arc-shaped track (229), the first pair of air cylinders (11 a) are arranged on the circular guide rail (21) through the rotating platform (225), and the mounting angle of the first pair of air cylinders (11 a) is used for adjusting the multiple degrees of freedom, and precise butt joint of the first pair of air cylinders (11 a) and one end of a three-dimensional elbow workpiece (4) is ensured; A second pair of air cylinders (11 b) in the four air cylinders (11) are arranged on the lifting device (3) and used for adjusting the installation height of the second pair of air cylinders (11 b) so as to ensure that the other end of the three-dimensional bent pipe workpiece (4) is accurately abutted with the second pair of air cylinders (11 b); The sliding guide rail (5) is fixedly arranged above the lifting device (3), and the second pair of air cylinders (11 b) can be slidably arranged on the mounting seat (51) of the sliding guide rail (5) and used for adjusting the horizontal mounting position of the second pair of air cylinders (11 b) and adapting to three-dimensional bent pipe workpieces (4) with different length specifications; The device also comprises a magnetic field generating device which is arranged in a polishing area of the three-dimensional bent pipe workpiece (4) and is used for constructing a high gradient magnetic field to excite magnetorheological fluid to generate rheological effect, and a flexible magnetic brush is formed to realize polishing of the wall surface of the inner flow passage.
2. The magnetorheological polishing device for the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable three-dimensional elbow pipe internal flow passage according to claim 1, wherein the four cylinders (11) are divided into a first pair of cylinders (11 a) and a second pair of cylinders (11 b) which are coaxially arranged, each pair of cylinders comprises two symmetrically arranged driving cylinders, and piston rods of the same pair of cylinders are coaxially connected through a Y-shaped connector (12) and an I-shaped connector (13) to form a double-cylinder cooperative driving structure.
3. The magnetorheological polishing device for the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable three-dimensional elbow pipe inner flow passage according to claim 2, wherein two driving cylinders in the same pair of cylinders adopt a synchronous reverse driving mode, and when one side cylinder pushes magnetorheological fluid to enter the inner flow passage of the three-dimensional elbow pipe workpiece (4), the other side cylinder synchronously pulls auxiliary magnetorheological fluid to flow so as to realize the reciprocating motion of the magnetorheological fluid in the closed flow passage.
4. The multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable magnetorheological polishing device for the three-dimensional elbow pipe internal flow passage according to claim 1, wherein the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable mechanism (22) comprises a fixed base (221), an inclined platform (222), an articulated shaft (223), a rotary handle (226), a threaded column (227), a hinged connecting piece (228) and a butt nut (2211), the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable mechanism (22) is used for realizing inclination angle adjustment through the rotary threaded column (227), one end of the inclined platform (222) is hinged with the fixed base (221) through the articulated shaft (223) and used for rotatably adjusting the inclination angle around the articulated shaft (223), one surface of the inclined platform (222) facing to a first pair of air cylinders (11 a) is provided with a circular guide rail (21), the other surface of the inclined platform (222) is provided with a hinged connecting piece (228), one end of the hinged connecting piece (228) is fixedly connected with the inclined platform (222), the other end of the hinged connecting piece is connected with the threaded column (227) through threaded cooperation, the butt nut (2211) is screwed on the threaded column (227) and used for rotatably adjusting the inclination angle, and the inclined platform (222) is driven to rotate around the threaded column (227) through the threaded column (226) to rotate around the rotary handle (223).
5. The magnetorheological polishing device for the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable three-dimensional elbow internal flow passage according to claim 1, wherein the circular guide rail (21) is an annular open-loop guide rail, a locking hole (2241) is formed in the guide rail, and the first pair of cylinders (11 a) can slide along the circumference of the circular guide rail (21) through the rotary platform (225) and lock the installation angle through screwing a set screw (224).
6. The multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable three-dimensional elbow inner runner magnetorheological polishing device according to claim 1, wherein the lifting device (3) adopts a scissor type lifting structure or a spiral screw lifting structure and is used for realizing continuous adjustment of the vertical height of the second pair of cylinders (11 b).
7. The magnetorheological polishing device with the multiple degrees of freedom for the three-dimensional elbow pipe internal flow passage according to claim 1, wherein the sliding guide rail (5) is a linear guide rail, extends along the axial direction of the second pair of air cylinders (11 b), and the second pair of air cylinders (11 b) can axially slide along the sliding guide rail (5) through the mounting seat (51) and lock the horizontal position through the locking piece (52).
8. The multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable three-dimensional elbow pipe inner flow path magnetorheological polishing device according to claim 1, wherein a quick-change sealing joint (112) is arranged at a tapping hole (111) of the air cylinder (11), and the quick-change sealing joint (112) is used for being in sealing communication with the end parts of three-dimensional elbow pipe workpieces (4) with different pipe diameter specifications.

Description

Multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable magnetorheological polishing device for three-dimensional elbow inner flow passage Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of ultra-precision machining equipment, in particular to magnetorheological polishing equipment for an inner runner component, and more particularly relates to a magnetorheological polishing device for a three-dimensional bent pipe inner runner with multiple degrees of freedom. Background In the high-end manufacturing fields of aerospace, hydraulic transmission, new energy automobiles, energy power and the like, a large number of core functional components adopt structural designs with three-dimensional curved inner runners, such as turbine blade cooling runners of an aeroengine, hydraulic integrated valve block elbows, battery cooling pipelines of the new energy automobiles, nozzle components of a fuel system and the like. The surface quality of the inner flow passage of the three-dimensional bent pipe directly determines the fluid conveying efficiency, the service fatigue life and the operation reliability of the component, and the inner surface is generally required to reach the ultra-precise machining requirements of nano-scale roughness and no machining damage. The magnetorheological polishing technology has become one of the core processes of the ultra-precise machining of the inner runner by virtue of the advantages of flexible machining, no surface damage and strong machining controllability. The core principle is that magnetorheological fluid consisting of magnetic particles, non-magnetic abrasive particles and a base carrier fluid is utilized to rapidly generate rheological effect under the action of an external magnetic field, the apparent viscosity is rapidly increased, a flexible magnetic brush with high shear strength is formed, and the abrasive particles are wrapped to realize trace and uniform material removal on the wall surface of a workpiece. At present, most of the existing magnetorheological polishing devices are designed for straight-pipe inner flow channels, a horizontal fixed clamping structure is adopted, clamping and polishing of the linear inner flow channels can only be achieved, space three-dimensional bending elbow workpieces cannot be adapted, and application scenes are greatly limited. Aiming at the polishing processing of the inner runner of the three-dimensional bent pipe, the prior art adopts a special custom-made tool, only can adapt to the bent pipe with single bending angle, single length and single pipe diameter specification, and the tool needs to be redesigned and processed when the workpiece is changed, so that the processing period is long, the production cost is high, and the clamping universality is extremely poor. More critical is that the space bending form of three-dimensional return bend is various, has different inclination, circumference deflection angle, space curvature, length specification, and current device lacks multi freedom cooperation adjustment ability, is difficult to guarantee the accurate coaxial butt joint of return bend both ends interface and cylinder actuating system during the clamping, and very easily the problem of sealed inefficacy, runner card is put, fluid velocity of flow distribution is uneven, finally leads to the return bend flow path to appear the defect of local overthrowing, underthrowing, and the polishing quality can't satisfy the ultra-precise machining requirement. Meanwhile, the existing magnetorheological fluid driving structure is mostly driven by a single cylinder, pulsation is easy to occur in fluid flow, the stability of the polishing process is insufficient, and the polishing uniformity of the inner flow passage is further affected. Therefore, the development of the magnetorheological polishing device which has the multi-degree-of-freedom adjusting capability, can be universally adapted to three-dimensional bent pipes with different bending forms and specifications, has high clamping and butt joint precision and is stable in driving is a technical problem to be solved in the field. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings that in the prior art, magnetorheological polishing can only process a straight pipe, cannot be adapted to a complex three-dimensional bent pipe, tool universality is poor, clamping butt joint coaxiality is low, and magnetorheological fluid driving stability is insufficient, and provides a magnetorheological polishing device for a three-dimensional bent pipe inner flow channel with multiple degrees of freedom and adjustability. According to the device, through the cooperative adjustment of the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustable clamping platform (2), the lifting device (3) and the sliding guide rail (5), three-dimensional bent pipe workpieces with different inclination angles, circumferential deflection angles, length specifications and space forms can be adapted, accurate coaxial