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CN-121973085-A - Liquid metal abrasive particle flow machining device and method based on Halbach magnetic field

CN121973085ACN 121973085 ACN121973085 ACN 121973085ACN-121973085-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid metal abrasive particle stream processing device and method based on a Halbach magnetic field, which are used for solving the problem of poor polishing uniformity of complex curved surfaces in the prior art. The processing device comprises a platform frame, wherein a mounting plate is arranged on the platform frame, a visual processing module is arranged on the mounting plate, two ends of the visual processing module are linked with a driving cylinder through a push rod assembly, the visual processing module comprises a closed profiling constraint runner formed by a transparent acrylic plate, a workpiece to be processed is fixed in the runner, two ends of the runner are connected with a piston rod of the driving cylinder through the push rod assembly, a Halbach permanent magnet array is arranged below the workpiece and is formed by neodymium iron boron permanent magnets according to Halbach polarity arrangement mode and used for generating a strong gradient directional magnetic field with unilateral enhancement and backside weakening in a processing area.

Inventors

  • SHI FANGJUN
  • ZHANG LI
  • JI SHIMING

Assignees

  • 浙江工业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260331

Claims (8)

  1. 1. The liquid metal abrasive particle flow machining device based on the Halbach magnetic field comprises a platform frame (1), wherein a mounting plate (2) is arranged on the platform frame (1), the device is characterized in that a visual machining module (3) is arranged on the mounting plate (2), two ends of the visual machining module (3) are linked with a driving cylinder (5) through a push rod assembly (4), the visual machining module (3) comprises a closed profiling constraint flow channel formed by transparent acrylic plates, a workpiece (6) to be machined is fixed in the flow channel, two ends of the flow channel are connected with a piston rod of the driving cylinder (5) through the push rod assembly (4), a Halbach permanent magnet array (9) is arranged below the workpiece (6), and the Halbach permanent magnet array (9) is formed by arranging neodymium iron boron permanent magnets according to Halbach polarity and is used for generating a strong gradient directional magnetic field with single-side enhancement and back-side weakening in a machining area.
  2. 2. The processing device for the liquid metal abrasive particle stream based on the Halbach magnetic field according to claim 1, wherein an air supply unit (7) is arranged on the platform frame (1), the air supply unit (7) is connected with the driving air cylinder (5) and a multistage filter (8) arranged on the mounting plate (2) through an air pipe, and the multistage filter (8) comprises an air filter (81), a pressure reducing valve (82) and an oil mist device (83) and is used for intercepting and removing particulate matters, liquid water, oil mist/oil vapor and peculiar smell/organic matters in compressed air step by step and purifying the compressed air.
  3. 3. The Halbach magnetic field-based liquid metal abrasive particle stream processing device according to claim 1, wherein the push rod assembly (4) comprises a guide sleeve (41) and a piston rod (42) which are in sliding fit, one end of the guide sleeve (41) is connected with a runner connector (43) through a flange, the other end of the guide sleeve is used for enabling the piston rod (42) to movably penetrate out, the end portion of the piston rod (42) penetrating out of the guide sleeve (41) is connected with the output end of the driving cylinder (5) through a Y-shaped connecting piece (44), a microporous filter (45) is arranged at the joint of the guide sleeve (41) and the runner connector (43), and the runner connector (43) is communicated with a runner of the visual processing module (3).
  4. 4. The processing device for the liquid metal abrasive particle stream based on the Halbach magnetic field according to claim 1 is characterized in that an integrated controller (10) is further arranged on the mounting plate (2), and a power supply module, a signal conditioning system and a pulse control interface are integrated in the integrated controller (10) and are used for controlling the reciprocating frequency and the stroke of the driving cylinder (5).
  5. 5. A method for processing a liquid metal abrasive particle stream based on a Halbach magnetic field, which is realized by the liquid metal abrasive particle stream processing device based on the Halbach magnetic field according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: step 1, assembling a processing device, and fixing a workpiece (6) in a profiling constraint runner of a visual processing module (3); step 2, filling a magnetic liquid metal composite abrasive particle flow working medium into the profiling constraint flow channel; Step 3, starting the processing device, setting parameters through an integrated controller (10), starting a power system, enabling a driving cylinder (5) to drive a piston rod (42) of a push rod assembly (4) to reciprocate, and driving a composite abrasive particle flow to reciprocate at a high speed in a profiling constraint flow channel so as to perform turbulent shearing and scouring on the curved surface of a workpiece (6); And 4, closing the device after the machining is finished, and taking out the workpiece (6).
  6. 6. The method for processing the liquid metal abrasive particle stream based on the Halbach magnetic field according to claim 5, wherein in the step 2, the working medium is prepared by uniformly dispersing magnetic nano particles into liquid metal at room temperature to form a magnetic response phase, and then mixing a magnetic liquid metal component, micron-sized SiC abrasive particles and incompressible base liquid phase fluid, and fully mixing the mixture by mechanical stirring and ultrasonic vibration to form a composite abrasive particle stream.
  7. 7. The method for processing the liquid metal abrasive particle stream based on the Halbach magnetic field according to claim 5, wherein in the processing process of the step 3, a strong gradient directional magnetic field is generated by using the Halbach permanent magnet array (9), magnetic volume force is applied to the magnetic liquid metal component in the flowing composite abrasive particle stream, directional acceleration and track regulation are carried out on the magnetic liquid metal component, so that the magnetic liquid metal component impacts a weak flow area on the surface of the workpiece (6) at a high speed, and synergistic material removal under magnetic field enhancement is realized.
  8. 8. The method for processing the liquid metal abrasive particle stream based on the Halbach magnetic field according to claim 5, wherein in the step 3, an intermittent processing mode is adopted, a flow field is observed in real time through a visual processing module (3) in the processing process, and the surface morphology of the workpiece (6) is detected periodically until the preset processing requirement is met.

Description

Liquid metal abrasive particle flow machining device and method based on Halbach magnetic field Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of precision and special processing, and particularly relates to a device and a method for processing liquid metal abrasive particle flow based on Halbach (Halbach) magnetic field. Background In the fields of biomedical treatment, aerospace, high-end equipment manufacturing and the like, parts with complex three-dimensional shapes (such as artificial joints, engine blades, precision molds and the like) are increasingly widely applied. The parts generally meet the severe requirements of ultra-smooth surfaces, high dimensional accuracy and non-damaged surfaces, and the processing quality directly influences the service life and the service performance of the parts. Currently, polishing methods for complex curved surfaces mainly include manual polishing and machine-automated polishing. The manual polishing method is highly dependent on experience of operators, and has the problems of low efficiency, poor consistency, high labor intensity and the like. Mechanical automated polishing, such as processes employing non-newtonian fluids or soft polishing disks, while improving efficiency to some extent, still present significant challenges in processing parts with large curvature variations and complex geometries. In the contact process of the fluid or soft grinding tool and the workpiece, the areas with small bulges or curvatures have high material removal rate due to larger pressure and shearing force, and the areas with pits, grooves or sharp curvatures are easy to form a weak flow area or a processing blind area, so that the kinetic energy of abrasive particles is insufficient at the areas, and the material removal is difficult. The inherent edge effect makes the polishing uniformity of the whole joint surface difficult to ensure, and the surface quality difference among areas is obvious, so that the further improvement of the performance of the high-end artificial joint product is restricted. Therefore, there is a need in the art to develop a novel polishing technology capable of adapting to complex curved surface morphology and performing energy accurate compensation on the weak flow region so as to break through the bottleneck of the existing technology in terms of processing uniformity. Disclosure of Invention In order to make up the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a liquid metal abrasive particle flow processing device and method based on a Halbach magnetic field so as to solve the problem of poor polishing uniformity of complex curved surfaces in the prior art. According to the invention, a composite abrasive particle flow composed of SiC particles, liquid metal doped with magnetic nano particles and basic liquid phase fluid is adopted, a strong gradient directional magnetic field is formed on a single side below a workpiece by utilizing a Halbach array, magnetic volume force is generated on the flowing magnetic liquid metal, the flowing magnetic liquid metal is driven to accelerate to be shot to a weak flow area on the surface of the workpiece, and active regulation and control of abrasive particle tracks and energy accurate injection are realized. The aim achieved by the invention can be achieved by the following specific technical scheme: The invention provides a liquid metal abrasive particle flow machining device based on a Halbach magnetic field, which comprises a platform frame, wherein a mounting plate is arranged on the platform frame, a visual machining module is arranged on the mounting plate, two ends of the visual machining module are linked with a driving cylinder through a push rod assembly, the visual machining module comprises a closed profiling constraint runner formed by transparent acrylic plates, a workpiece to be machined is fixed in the runner, two ends of the runner are connected with a piston rod of the driving cylinder through the push rod assembly, a Halbach permanent magnet array is arranged below the workpiece, and the Halbach permanent magnet array is formed by neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets according to a Halbach polar arrangement mode and is used for generating a strong gradient directional magnetic field with single-side enhancement and back side weakening in a machining area. Further, the platform frame is provided with an air supply unit, the air supply unit is connected with the driving cylinder and the multistage filter arranged on the mounting plate through an air pipe, and the multistage filter comprises an air filter, a pressure reducing valve and an oil mist device and is used for intercepting and removing particulate matters, liquid water, oil mist/oil vapor and peculiar smell/organic matters in compressed air step by step, and purifying the compressed air. The visual processing module comprises a visual processing module, a driving cylinder, a guide sleeve, a piston rod, a Y-sha