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CN-121973096-A - High-precision micro-feeding concave-convex grinding main shaft device for numerically controlled grinder

CN121973096ACN 121973096 ACN121973096 ACN 121973096ACN-121973096-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of numerically controlled grinding machines, and particularly discloses a high-precision micro-feeding concave-convex grinding spindle device for a numerically controlled grinding machine. The tool bit mounting frame of the device is provided with a Z-axis servo feeding device, guide rails are fixed on two sides of the tool bit mounting frame, two sides of a small supporting plate are in sliding fit with the guide rails and are connected with the Z-axis servo feeding device, a grinding head assembly and a U-axis servo feeding device are respectively arranged at the lower parts of the small supporting plate, a spindle motor and a spindle bearing group are sleeved on a spindle of the grinding head assembly, an eccentric supporting sleeve is sleeved on the spindle motor and the spindle bearing group and is connected with the small supporting plate through dynamic and static bearings, the upper part of a screw rod of a dovetail feeding mechanism is connected with the feeding end of the U-axis servo feeding device, a shifting fork is sleeved on the eccentric supporting sleeve, a dovetail block is hinged at the tail of the fork, a dovetail groove and a kidney-shaped hole are formed in the dovetail block, a through hole is formed in the dovetail driving block in a sliding mode, and the screw rod movably penetrates through the kidney-shaped hole and the through hole and is matched with a screw rod nut at the lower end of the dovetail driving block, and the quick feeding and micro feeding conversion can be completed.

Inventors

  • ZHANG DONGNING
  • YU YING
  • ZHANG JIANBING
  • YIN ZUOSHENG
  • SAI YUNXIANG
  • Zhang Zhoujin
  • LUO QINGFENG
  • CHEN HAORAN
  • WANG CHAO
  • GUO XIANGFU
  • ZHU ZHUSHENG

Assignees

  • 中国机械总院集团云南分院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260408

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The high-precision micro-feeding concave-convex grinding main shaft device for the numerical control grinding machine is characterized by comprising a small supporting plate (1), a grinding head assembly (2), a grinding wheel (3), a Z-axis servo feeding device (5), a U-axis servo feeding device (7), a tool bit mounting frame (9), a dovetail feeding mechanism (10) and guide rails, wherein the tool bit mounting frame (9) is vertically arranged, the top end of the tool bit mounting frame is fixedly connected with a supporting plate (13), the guide rails are vertically fixed on two sides of the tool bit mounting frame (9), two sides of the small supporting plate (1) are respectively in sliding fit with the guide rails on two sides of the tool bit mounting frame (9), the Z-axis servo feeding device (5) is arranged above the supporting plate (13), a driving shaft of the Z-axis servo feeding device (5) movably penetrates through the supporting plate (13) and is connected with the small supporting plate (1), the grinding head assembly (2) is arranged on the lower part of the small supporting plate (1), and the U-axis servo feeding device (7) is fixedly arranged on the small supporting plate (1) above the grinding head assembly (2). The grinding head assembly (2) comprises a main shaft (201), a main shaft bearing group (202), a main shaft motor, an eccentric support sleeve (208), a rear dynamic and static bearing (210) and a front dynamic and static bearing (211), wherein the main shaft (201) is transversely arranged, the grinding head extends to the outer side of a tool head mounting frame (9), the grinding wheel (3) is arranged on the grinding head of the main shaft (201), the main shaft motor is sleeved on the main shaft (201), the main shaft bearing group (202) is sleeved on one side, close to the grinding head, of the main shaft, an inner hole of the eccentric support sleeve (208) is sleeved on the main shaft motor and the main shaft bearing group (202) in a concentric and tight fit manner, and the eccentric support sleeve (208) is connected with the small supporting plate (1) through the rear dynamic and static bearing (210) and the front dynamic and static bearing (211); The dovetail feeding mechanism (10) comprises a shifting fork (1001), a dovetail block (1002), a dovetail driving block (1003), a screw nut (1004), a screw rod (1005) and a fixed key (1006), the screw rod (1005) extends along the Z-axis feeding direction, the upper part of the screw rod (1005) is connected with the feeding end of the U-axis servo feeding device (7), the shifting fork (1001) is sleeved on an eccentric supporting sleeve (208) and is connected through the fixed key (1006), the dovetail block (1002) is hinged to a fork tail of the shifting fork (1001) far away from the eccentric supporting sleeve (208), a dovetail groove and a kidney-shaped hole are formed in the dovetail block (1002), the dovetail driving block (1003) is slidably arranged in the dovetail groove of the dovetail block (1002), a through hole corresponding to the kidney-shaped hole is formed in the dovetail driving block (1003), the lower part of the screw rod (1005) movably penetrates through the kidney-shaped hole of the dovetail block (1002) and the through hole of the driving block (1003), and the screw nut (1004) is sleeved on the screw rod (1005) at the lower end of the driving block (1003) in a threaded fit mode.
  2. 2. The high-precision micro-feeding concave-convex grinding main shaft device for the numerically controlled grinder according to claim 1, wherein the center distance between two kidney-shaped holes of the dovetail block (1002) is larger than the eccentric distance between the center of an inner hole and the center of an outer circle of the eccentric supporting sleeve (208).
  3. 3. The high-precision micro-feeding concave-convex grinding spindle device for the numerical control grinder according to claim 2, wherein the guide rail comprises a linear guide rail (11) and a rectangular guide rail (12), and two sides of the small supporting plate (1) are respectively in sliding fit with the linear guide rail (11) and the rectangular guide rail (12) on two sides of the tool bit mounting frame (9).
  4. 4. The high-precision micro-feeding concave-convex grinding main shaft device for the numerically controlled grinder is characterized in that hydraulic gravity balancing devices (4) connected with a tool bit mounting frame (9) are respectively arranged on two sides of the small supporting plate (1), and a guide mechanism is arranged in the middle of the small supporting plate (1).
  5. 5. The high-precision micro-feed concave-convex grinding spindle device for a numerically controlled grinder according to claim 2, wherein the spindle motor comprises a motor stator (203), a motor rotor (204) and a rotor mounting sleeve (205), the rotor mounting sleeve (205) is sleeved on the spindle (201) in a tight fit manner, the motor rotor (204) is sleeved on the rotor mounting sleeve (205) in a tight fit manner, the motor stator (203) is movably sleeved on the motor rotor (204), and the motor stator (203) is sleeved in an inner hole of an eccentric supporting sleeve (208) in a tight fit manner.
  6. 6. The high-precision micro-feeding concave-convex grinding main shaft device for the numerical control grinding machine according to claim 2, wherein an oil cylinder seat (206) and a piston (207) are further arranged on one side, far away from a grinding head, of the main shaft (201), the oil cylinder seat (206) is fixedly arranged at one end, far away from an eccentric supporting sleeve (208) of the grinding head, of the oil cylinder seat (206), the piston (207) is slidably arranged in the oil cylinder seat (206) and fixedly sleeved on the main shaft (201), and oil inlets and oil return ports connected with a hydraulic system are respectively arranged at two ends of the piston (207) of the oil cylinder seat (206).
  7. 7. The high-precision micro-feeding concave-convex grinding spindle device for a numerical control grinding machine according to any one of claims 1 to6, wherein a grinding wheel dressing mechanism (6) is arranged on one side of the grinding wheel (3), a dressing feed mechanism (8) is arranged above the grinding head assembly (2) on the small supporting plate (1), the feed end of the dressing feed mechanism (8) transversely extends, the grinding wheel dressing mechanism (6) is connected, the feed end of the grinding wheel dressing mechanism (6) vertically extends, and a diamond dressing pen (604) is arranged at the lower end of the grinding wheel dressing mechanism.
  8. 8. The high-precision micro-feeding concave-convex grinding spindle device for a numerical control grinding machine according to claim 7, wherein the grinding wheel dressing mechanism (6) comprises a linear guide rail pair (601), a dressing support (602) and a feeding rod (603), the linear guide rail pair (601) extends along the axis direction of the spindle (201), the dressing support (602) is fixedly connected with the movable end of the linear guide rail pair (601), two ends of the feeding rod (603) are respectively connected with the feeding end of the dressing feeding mechanism (8) and the dressing support (602), and the diamond dressing pen (604) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the dressing support (602).
  9. 9. The high-precision micro-feeding concave-convex grinding main shaft device for the numerically controlled grinder according to claim 8, wherein the Z-axis servo feeding device (5), the U-axis servo feeding device (7) and the dressing feeding mechanism (8) are respectively and electrically connected with a control system.

Description

High-precision micro-feeding concave-convex grinding main shaft device for numerically controlled grinder Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of numerically controlled grinding machines, in particular to a high-precision micro-feeding concave-convex grinding spindle device for a numerically controlled grinding machine. Background With the rapid development of high-end manufacturing industries such as shipbuilding, aerospace, energy equipment and the like, the grinding processing requirements of large-scale precise rotary parts and complex concave-convex curved surface parts are continuously increased, and more stringent requirements are put forward on the feeding speed (the diameter and width of a grinding wheel are larger and larger), the feeding precision, the running rigidity, the processing stability and the like of a digital grinder. The problems that the feeding speed and the micro-feeding precision are difficult to be compatible, the rigidity of a grinding head main shaft is insufficient, the high-frequency grinding chatter inhibiting effect is poor, the grinding wheel dressing depends on off-line operation and the like commonly exist in the traditional large grinding equipment, so that the processing precision and the surface quality cannot meet the high-end manufacturing requirement, and the processing precision and the surface quality become key technical bottlenecks for limiting the precision grinding efficiency and the quality. In the prior art, in order to solve the defects of precise grinding of large parts, a structure that a static pressure main shaft is matched with an eccentric sleeve and a static pressure oil film is adopted, and the main shaft approaches and retreats through the tensioning transmission of a driving wheel and the driving of the eccentric sleeve, so that the adaptability of grinding of complex curved surfaces is improved to a certain extent. However, this structure has the following significant drawbacks in practical engineering applications: 1. the operation and control convenience is poor, and by adopting a mode of transmission of the tensioning assembly and passive driving of the eccentric sleeve, not only is the feeding stroke and the position of the U shaft difficult to accurately regulate and control, but also the debugging and the using operation of the device are complex, and the device cannot adapt to the requirements of automatic and high-precision numerical control processing. 2. The U-axis system has insufficient rigidity, is supported by only relying on double-layer static pressure oil films, and is easy to deform and shake under large grinding wheel and large cutting load due to the lack of a reliable high-rigidity bearing structure and gravity balancing capability, so that the grinding stability is poor. 3. The micro-feeding precision is low, and the driving precision of the eccentric sleeve is difficult to ensure, so that the feeding resolution is low, the micro-feeding of 0.001mm level cannot be realized, and the grinding requirements of a precise concave-convex curved surface and high finish degree are difficult to meet. 4. The machine has single function and limited suitability, and can not realize the integration of rapid approach, micro fine grinding and on-line dressing due to the fact that an independent Z-axis rapid feeding and grinding wheel on-line dressing mechanism is not provided, so that the machining efficiency and the part precision are difficult to guarantee. The problem causes that the existing U-axis feeding device is difficult to adapt to the high-speed, high-precision and high-rigidity grinding requirements of large parts, and especially cannot realize the micro-precision feeding and stable processing of concave-convex curved surfaces. Therefore, developing a numerically controlled grinder spindle feeding device with simple operation, high rigidity, high micro-feeding precision and on-line trimming and vibration resisting functions has become a technical problem to be solved in the field. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a high-precision micro-feeding concave-convex grinding main shaft device for a numerical control grinder. The invention discloses a high-precision micro-feeding concave-convex grinding main shaft device for a numerical control grinding machine, which is realized by comprising a small supporting plate, a grinding head assembly, a grinding wheel, a Z-axis servo feeding device, a U-axis servo feeding device, a tool bit mounting frame, a dovetail feeding mechanism and a guide rail, wherein the tool bit mounting frame is vertically arranged, the top end of the tool bit mounting frame is fixedly connected with a supporting plate, the guide rails are respectively vertically fixed on two sides of the tool bit mounting frame, two sides of the small supporting plate are respectively in sliding fit with the guide rails on two sides of the tool bit mount