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CN-121973356-A - Waste mulch recycling membrane impurity separation device

CN121973356ACN 121973356 ACN121973356 ACN 121973356ACN-121973356-A

Abstract

The invention relates to a waste mulch recycling membrane impurity separation device which comprises a fine breaking mechanism, a vibration screening mechanism, a negative pressure suction mechanism and a membrane dust separation mechanism, wherein the fine breaking mechanism is used for breaking mulch films mixed with impurities to form broken objects, the starting end of a screen is positioned below a discharge hole of the fine breaking mechanism and used for receiving the broken objects, the broken objects are separated for the first time through periodic vibration, high-density particle impurities fall through the screen, the rest components of the broken objects are conveyed to the tail end of the screen, an air inlet of the negative pressure suction mechanism is downward and used for forming a negative pressure adsorption area above the screen, the membrane dust separation mechanism is connected with the negative pressure suction mechanism through a membrane dust conveying pipeline and used for separating mulch film fragments and floating dust in air flow in cooperation with the dust removal mechanism.

Inventors

  • ZHANG PENG
  • WU FENG
  • GU FENGWEI
  • CAO MINGZHU
  • WANG BOKAI
  • Pei Jiayong
  • WANG BO

Assignees

  • 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260209

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The utility model provides a old and useless plastic film resource utilization membrane miscellaneous separator which characterized in that includes: the fine breaking mechanism (20) is used for smashing the mulching film mixed with sundries to form smashed objects; the starting end of the screen mesh is positioned below the discharge port of the fine breaking mechanism (20) and is used for receiving the broken objects, the broken objects are subjected to primary separation through periodic vibration, high-density particle impurities fall through the screen mesh, and the rest components of the broken objects are conveyed towards the tail end of the screen mesh; the negative pressure type suction mechanism (40) is downwards arranged at the air inlet and is used for forming a negative pressure adsorption area above the screen (34) and sucking mulch fragments and floating dust in the crushed objects; The film dust separating mechanism (60) is connected with the negative pressure suction mechanism (40) through a film dust conveying pipeline (43) and is used for separating film fragments from floating dust in the air flow in cooperation with the dust removing mechanism (70).
  2. 2. The waste mulch recycling mulch film impurity separating device according to claim 1, wherein the fine breaking mechanism (20) comprises: a concave screen (21) with an arc screen surface on the inner side; The sawtooth fine breaking roller (22) is arranged on the inner side of the arc-shaped screen surface of the concave plate screen (21) and can rotate at a high speed, and a plurality of cutter teeth are arranged on the surface of the sawtooth fine breaking roller (22) and are used for shearing and tearing a mulching film in cooperation with the concave plate screen (21), so that formed broken objects pass through the concave plate screen (21) and fall into the vibration screening mechanism (30); And the film pressing conveying roller (23) is arranged at the side edge of the sawtooth fine breaking roller (22) and is used for pressing and guiding the mulching film into the concave plate screen (21).
  3. 3. The waste mulch recycling and membrane impurity separating device according to claim 2, further comprising a membrane impurity conveying mechanism (10), wherein the tail end of the membrane impurity conveying mechanism is connected with the feed inlet of the fine breaking mechanism (20) and is used for conveying the waste mulch and entrained impurities to the fine breaking mechanism (20).
  4. 4. The waste mulch recycling mulch film impurity separating device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration screening mechanism (30) comprises: A screen (34) for receiving the crushed material from the fine crushing mechanism (20); an eccentric wheel driving member (31) and a rocker (33) connected with the screen (34) and used for driving the screen (34) to periodically vibrate in a reciprocating manner; The screen (34) enables earth impurities with particle sizes smaller than that of the screen holes in the crushed materials to directly fall down and discharge in the vibration process, enables rod-shaped impurities to be conveyed to the tail end along the screen (34) to be discharged, enables mulching film fragments to move towards the tail end under vibration, and is sucked under the action of air flow in a negative pressure area.
  5. 5. The waste mulch recycling membrane impurity separation device according to claim 4, wherein an impurity conveying mechanism (50) is arranged below the tail end of the screen (34) and is used for conveying rod-shaped impurities falling from the tail end of the screen (34).
  6. 6. The waste mulch recycling and film impurity separating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the negative pressure suction mechanism (40) comprises a negative pressure suction cover (41) and a plurality of negative pressure fans (42), the negative pressure suction cover (41) is arranged above the screen (34) and the bottom opening of the negative pressure suction cover faces the upper surface of the screen (34), the negative pressure fans (42) are arranged on the negative pressure suction cover (41), mulch fragments on the screen (34) are sucked through the negative pressure suction cover (41), and the sucked fragments together with floating dust are conveyed to the film dust separating mechanism (60) through respective film dust conveying pipelines by the negative pressure fans (42).
  7. 7. The membrane and impurity separation device for recycling waste mulch film according to claim 6, wherein the membrane and dust separation mechanism (60) comprises a membrane and dust separation box (61); the membrane dust conveying pipeline (43) is communicated with a sedimentation channel (62) in the membrane dust separation box (61); The suction port of the dust removing mechanism (70) is communicated with the membrane dust separating box (61), and negative-pressure traction airflow flowing to the dust removing mechanism (70) is formed in the membrane dust separating box (61), so that floating dust in the sedimentation channel (62) passes through meshes on the side wall of the sedimentation channel to enter the membrane dust separating box (61) and is extracted by the dust removing mechanism (70) along with the airflow; the sedimentation channel (62) extends downwards to the bottom of the membrane dust separation box (61) to form a discharge hole.
  8. 8. The waste mulch recycling membrane impurity separation device according to claim 7, wherein the dust removing mechanism (70) comprises a dust removing fan (71) and a cyclone dust remover (72), and the ratio of the rated total air quantity of the dust removing fan (71) to the rated total air quantity of each negative pressure fan (42) is 1.3, so that negative pressure traction air flow is formed.
  9. 9. The waste mulch recycling membrane impurity separation device according to claim 7, wherein a conveyer belt is arranged below the discharge port.

Description

Waste mulch recycling membrane impurity separation device Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and waste recovery treatment, in particular to a membrane impurity separation device for recycling waste mulching films. Background With the wide application of the plastic mulching technology in agricultural production, the recovery and recycling of waste plastic mulching have become important links for sustainable development of agriculture. The recycled waste mulching film is often seriously attached with soil, sand and stone, broken straw, root stubble and other farmland sundries because the mulching film is used in farmland for a long time and is in close contact with soil and crop straw, and the recycled waste mulching film also has the characteristics of light weight, thinness, easiness in winding, easiness in static electricity generation and the like. If the impurities such as sediment, straw, dust and the like in the membrane material cannot be effectively separated before recycling, the subsequent granulation quality can be directly influenced, the water consumption is increased, the quality of the regenerated material is reduced, and even the regenerated equipment is blocked and the abrasion is aggravated. The method mainly comprises the steps of adopting a mechanical screening mode as a main mode, utilizing structures such as a rotary screen or a plane vibrating screen to roll, throw and screen holes on a screen surface to screen large soil blocks and stones, adopting a wind separation mode as a main mode to generate upward blowing, side blowing or sucking air flow through a fan, and realizing the air flow separation of light films and heavy impurities according to the density difference and the windward area difference between films, silt and crushed straws, and adopting a mode of combining coarse crushing and simple wind screens to tear or shear the waste films at a feeding end to guide crushed materials into an air duct or a fan sucking area to realize primary separation through the air flow difference. The technology can separate waste mulching films from impurities to a certain extent, but has the obvious limitations that mechanical screening has limited light impurity separation effects on light films and fine soil, broken straws and the like attached to the light films, only coarse screening can be realized, a single winnowing mode is difficult to achieve the driving effect of large-volume and easily-wound film materials and the discarding effect of heavy impurities, the problem that light impurities and dust are taken away along with the film materials easily occurs, the cleanliness of the films is low, and the coarse-broken and simple air screening mode is difficult to form effective air screening layering due to uneven broken granularity and insufficient loosening of the film materials, meanwhile, a necessary dust fall and film dust separation structure is lacked, so that a large amount of dust is accumulated, the separation effect is unstable, and long-term operation of equipment is influenced. In general, it is generally difficult in the prior art to achieve adequate loosening, precise layering, and clean overall separation of the membrane material. The disadvantages of the prior art membrane impurity separation device include in particular: (1) The existing equipment generally adopts a simple tearing or coarse breaking structure, the waste mulching film is broken unevenly, and larger film blocks and winding groups still exist. The membrane material has insufficient loose degree before entering the separation link, which is unfavorable for the subsequent screening and air separation layering, and affects the integral separation efficiency. (2) The light impurities and the dust are difficult to effectively remove by means of mechanical screening modes such as a drum screen, a vibrating screen and the like, and when a film with large volume and strong flexibility is treated by a single air separation mode, a stable separation area is not easy to form by air flow, and the light impurities and the dust are easy to be taken away along with the film, so that the cleanliness of the film material is low. (3) The links of screening, crushing, winnowing and the like in the traditional equipment are mutually independent, and a continuous cooperative processing chain of fine crushing, loosening and wind screening layering is not formed. The membrane material has large change of flowing state and poor uniformity among different links, so that the membrane impurity separation effect is unstable, and the basic separation effect can be achieved only by repeated treatment. (4) Most of the equipment is not matched with a special dust fall or membrane dust separation structure, and dust generated in the air separation process is easy to deposit in an air duct, a screen surface and a collecting box body, so that blockage, abrasion and secondary dust emission a