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CN-121973471-A - Preparation method of FRP basalt fiber pavement plate

CN121973471ACN 121973471 ACN121973471 ACN 121973471ACN-121973471-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of an FRP basalt fiber pavement slab, which relates to the technical field of fiber reinforced composite materials and is technically characterized by comprising the following steps of S1, preparing basalt fibers into a three-dimensional gradient fiber preformed body with a surface layer, a middle layer and a core layer structure through a three-dimensional braiding process, wherein the surface layer is formed by tightly braiding fine denier basalt fibers with linear density higher than 600tex, the middle layer is formed by braiding continuous basalt fibers with braiding angles of +/-45 DEG to +/-60 DEG, the core layer is formed by compounding basalt fiber chopped strand mats and axial continuous fibers into a loose three-dimensional grid structure, and the technical effect is achieved by designing and preparing the three-dimensional gradient fiber preformed body with a closely braided surface layer, a large-angle braided middle layer and a loose core layer in advance, so that a heterogeneous mechanical framework of the material is endowed from the source. The coded surface layer provides good surface hardness and resistance to localized impacts.

Inventors

  • ZHANG CHAO
  • CHEN DALEI
  • WANG ZHIQIANG
  • LIU WEIPENG
  • TIAN MINGMING

Assignees

  • 蚌埠市蚌铁轨枕有限责任公司
  • 中国铁路上海局集团有限公司阜阳工务段

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260212

Claims (8)

  1. 1. A preparation method of an FRP basalt fiber pavement plate is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, preparing a three-dimensional gradient fiber preform with a surface layer, a middle layer and a core layer structure from basalt fibers through a three-dimensional braiding process, wherein the surface layer is formed by tightly braiding fine denier basalt fibers with a linear density higher than 600tex, the middle layer is formed by braiding continuous basalt fibers with a braiding angle of +/-45 DEG to +/-60 DEG, and the core layer is formed by compounding basalt fiber chopped strand mats and axial continuous fibers; S2, pulling the three-dimensional gradient fiber preform obtained in the step S1 to pass through a first gum dipping tank, and dipping a surface layer functional resin system, wherein the surface layer functional resin system comprises, by weight, 100 parts of modified polyurethane resin, 15-30 parts of anti-slip sand, 5-15 parts of core-shell structure toughening microspheres, 3-10 parts of nano alumina, 1-3 parts of ultraviolet resistant absorbent and 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant, and the dipped preform enters a first curing zone to be pre-cured at 80-110 ℃ to enable the surface layer resin to reach a gel state to form a pre-cured surface layer; S3, dragging the section bar with the pre-cured surface layer obtained in the step S2 through a second gum dipping tank, and dipping a main structure resin system, wherein the main structure resin system comprises, by weight, 100 parts of modified polyurethane resin, 8-20 parts of hyperbranched polymer toughening agent, 1-5 parts of silane coupling agent and 1-3 parts of release agent, and the dipped section bar enters a second curing zone to be subjected to main curing at 130-160 ℃ to enable the main resin to be completely cured and to generate interpenetrating network reaction with the pre-cured surface layer to form an integrated plate body; S4, cooling the integrated plate body obtained in the step S3, and cutting according to a set length to obtain the FRP basalt fiber pavement plate.
  2. 2. The preparation method of the FRP basalt fiber pavement board according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the fiber volume contents of the surface layer, the middle layer and the core layer are distributed in a gradient manner, wherein the fiber volume content of the surface layer is 50% -60%, the fiber volume content of the middle layer is 65% -75%, and the fiber volume content of the core layer is 30% -45%.
  3. 3. The preparation method of the FRP basalt fiber pavement plate according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the core-shell structure toughening microsphere is 50-200nm, the core of the core-shell structure toughening microsphere is polybutyl acrylate rubber, and the shell is polyurethane prepolymer with hydroxyl.
  4. 4. The preparation method of the FRP basalt fiber pavement plate according to claim 1, wherein the hyperbranched polymer toughening agent is hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester, the molecular weight of the hyperbranched polyester is 2000-6000g/mol, and the branching degree is 0.4-0.6.
  5. 5. The preparation method of the FRP basalt fiber pavement board according to claim 1, wherein the modified polyurethane resin is hydrophobic polyurethane resin modified by an organosilicon chain segment in the surface layer functional resin system, and the grafting rate of the organosilicon chain segment is 5% -15%.
  6. 6. The preparation method of the FRP basalt fiber pavement plate according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the pre-curing time is 3-10 minutes, and in the step S3, the main curing time is 5-15 minutes.
  7. 7. The method for preparing the FRP basalt fiber pavement plate according to claim 1, wherein the main structure resin system further comprises 0.5-3 parts by weight of color paste.
  8. 8. The method for producing a FRP basalt fiber pavement slab as set forth in claim 1, wherein a fiber-reinforced polymer sleeve or passage is previously woven in the core layer for subsequent installation connection when the three-dimensional gradient fiber preform is produced in step S1.

Description

Preparation method of FRP basalt fiber pavement plate Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of fiber reinforced composite materials, in particular to a preparation method of an FRP basalt fiber pavement plate. Background The railway bridge pavement slab is a key facility for ensuring the safe passing of maintenance personnel, and the performance of the railway bridge pavement slab is directly related to the maintenance efficiency and the operation safety. Currently, the usual pavement boards mainly include precast concrete pavement boards and steel grid pavement boards. The precast concrete pavement slab has the problems of heavy weight and difficult installation and transportation. More seriously, in outdoor severe environments such as long-term sun-drying and rain-spraying, freeze thawing cycle, ice salt corrosion and the like, concrete is easy to carbonize, weathers and crack, so that steel bars are rusted and have structural failure, serious potential safety hazards exist, and the later maintenance cost is high. The steel grating pavement plate has the defects of high weight, high manufacturing cost and inconvenient paving although the steel grating pavement plate has high strength. The grid-shaped structure of the steel has poor walking foot feeling, is easy to accumulate ice and snow sundries, is easy to generate electrochemical corrosion in humid and salt fog environments, and has insufficient durability. Therefore, the FRP pavement slab preparation method which can overcome the defects, can realize the design of the performance, has balanced mechanical properties in all directions and has excellent durability is developed, and has important engineering application value. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of an FRP basalt fiber pavement slab, which can solve the problem of preparation method of the FRP basalt fiber pavement slab. S1, manufacturing basalt fibers into a three-dimensional gradient fiber preform with a surface layer, a middle layer and a core layer structure through a three-dimensional braiding process; the surface layer is formed by tightly weaving fine denier basalt fibers with a linear density higher than 600tex, the middle layer is formed by weaving continuous basalt fibers with a weaving angle of +/-45 DEG to +/-60 DEG, the core layer is formed by compounding basalt fiber chopped strand mats with axial continuous fibers to form a loose three-dimensional grid structure, S2, the three-dimensional gradient fiber preformed body obtained in the step S1 is pulled to pass through a first dipping tank to dip a surface layer functional resin system, the surface layer functional resin system comprises, by weight, 100 parts of modified polyurethane resin, 15-30 parts of anti-slip sand, 5-15 parts of core-shell structure toughening microspheres, 3-10 parts of nano aluminum oxide, 1-3 parts of ultraviolet resistant absorbent and 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant, the dipped preformed body enters a first curing area, pre-curing is carried out at 80-110 ℃ to enable the surface layer resin to reach a gel state, the pre-cured surface layer is formed, S3, the profile with the pre-cured surface layer is pulled to pass through a second dipping tank to dip a main structure resin system, the main structure resin system comprises, by weight, 100 parts of polyurethane resin and 100-5-20 parts of polyurethane resin are fully coupled with the main curing agent after the main curing agent is completely cured in the main curing area, the main curing area is completely cured by the main curing agent is subjected to the coupling reaction of the main surface layer resin system, and the main curing agent is completely cured in the main curing area after the main curing area is subjected to the curing 1-20 parts of the cross-curing agent, s4, cooling the integrated plate body obtained in the step S3, and cutting according to a set length to obtain the FRP basalt fiber pavement plate. Preferably, in step S1, the fiber volume contents of the surface layer, the middle layer and the core layer are distributed in a gradient, wherein the fiber volume content of the surface layer is 50% -60%, the fiber volume content of the middle layer is 65% -75%, and the fiber volume content of the core layer is 30% -45%. Preferably, the particle size of the core-shell structure toughening microsphere is 50-200nm, the core of the core-shell structure toughening microsphere is polybutyl acrylate rubber, and the shell is polyurethane prepolymer with hydroxyl. Preferably, the hyperbranched polymer toughening agent is hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester, the molecular weight of the hyperbranched polymer toughening agent is 2000-6000g/mol, and the branching degree is 0.4-0.6. Preferably, in the surface layer functional resin system, the modified polyurethane resin is hydrophobic polyurethane resin modified by an organosilicon chain segment, and