CN-121973509-A - Composite material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, and particularly discloses a composite material, a preparation method and application thereof. The composite material provided by the invention adopts the alumina ceramic layer generated in situ by micro-arc oxidation as a brick, adopts an aluminum matrix as mud, combines spark plasma sintering to realize interlayer metallurgical bonding, and solves the problems that the traditional particle reinforced Al-based composite material is easy to generate particle agglomeration, insufficient in plasticity, poor in interface wettability of the layered reinforced Al-based composite material and low in bonding strength. Meanwhile, the preparation method of the composite material provided by the invention can be completed through the cooperative operation of micro-arc oxidation, alternate stacking, precise sintering and step-by-step rolling, special complex equipment is not needed, the operation flow is simple, convenient and efficient, the preparation period of the Al-based composite material is shortened, and the preparation method is suitable for industrial large-scale production.

Inventors

• YANG XIAO
• XU ZHAONING
• WANG ZHUO
• YAO YUNFENG
• LIU YING
• PENG ZHENZHEN
• WANG LIWEI
• LIANG ZHIMIN

Assignees

• 河北科技大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20260120

Claims (10)

1. 1. The preparation method of the composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, immersing an aluminum foil into alkaline electrolyte for micro-arc oxidation to obtain a composite foil; s2, alternately stacking the composite foil and the aluminum foil up and down in turn to obtain a stacked body; s3, compacting the stacked body, and sintering under inert atmosphere to obtain a layered blank; And S4, hot rolling the layered blank, wherein the pressing amount of each pass is 4% -6%, and the total pressing amount is 60% -90%, so that the composite material is obtained.
2. 2. The method of manufacturing a composite material according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the thickness of the aluminum foil is 0.05-0.1mm.
3. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein in S1, the micro-arc oxidation forms an alumina ceramic layer with a thickness of 0.5-10 μm on the surface of the aluminum foil.
4. 4. The method of preparing a composite material according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the alkaline electrolyte comprises 1-3g/L sodium hydroxide and 8-12g/L sodium silicate.
5. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the micro-arc oxidation voltage is 300-500V, the current density is 10-15A/dm 2 , and the time is 5-15min.
6. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein in S2, the number of aluminum foils is 1 more than the number of composite foils.
7. 7. The method of manufacturing a composite material according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the sintering treatment is spark plasma sintering, the sintering temperature is 570-590 ℃, the pressure is 40-60MPa, and the time is 5-15min.
8. 8. The method according to claim 6, wherein in S3, the inert atmosphere is a nitrogen atmosphere, and the gas flow rate of the nitrogen atmosphere is 40-60L/min.
9. 9. A composite material prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-8.
10. 10. Use of the composite material of claim 9 for the manufacture of lightweight wear resistant parts.

Description

Composite material and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, and particularly discloses a composite material, a preparation method and application thereof. Background In the key fields of aerospace, automobile industry, high-end equipment manufacturing and the like, the Al-based composite material is one of core materials for promoting industrial technology upgrade or realizing equipment high performance by virtue of the good mechanical property and light weight property of the Al-based composite material. The traditional Al-based composite material is a particle reinforced Al-based composite material, and the composite material improves the strength, the rigidity and the wear resistance of an aluminum alloy substrate by uniformly dispersing high-hardness ceramic particles (such as SiC particles or Al 2O3 particles) in an aluminum alloy substrate. However, the ceramic particles of the particle reinforced Al-based composite material are easy to agglomerate in a matrix, so that the internal stress of the material is unevenly distributed, the plasticity is reduced, and the cracking of the material is further caused. In order to solve the problems of insufficient plasticity and uneven stress caused by particle aggregation, the prior art provides a layered reinforced Al-based composite material by alternately stacking Al matrix layers and ceramic reinforcing layers. The Al-based composite material solves the problem of particle agglomeration, ensures that the stress distribution of the Al-based composite material is more uniform, improves the plasticity, and simultaneously retains high wear resistance and rigidity through the introduction of a ceramic layer. However, the interface wettability between the ceramic reinforcing layer and the Al matrix in the layered reinforced Al-based composite material is poor, and the interface bonding strength is low, so that the limitation of the ceramic reinforced layered Al-based composite material is high. How to provide an Al-based composite material with better interface bonding strength is a technical problem to be solved in the field. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The Al-based composite material provided by the invention solves the problem of insufficient particle agglomeration and interface bonding strength, improves the comprehensive mechanical property and stability of the material, and meets the requirements of the key fields such as aerospace, automobile industry, high-end equipment manufacturing and the like on the high-performance Al-based composite material. The invention provides a composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof, which adopts the following technical scheme: The first aspect of the invention provides a method for preparing a composite material, comprising the following steps: s1, immersing an aluminum foil into alkaline electrolyte for micro-arc oxidation to obtain a composite foil; s2, alternately stacking the composite foil and the aluminum foil up and down in turn to obtain a stacked body; s3, compacting the stacked body, and sintering under inert atmosphere to obtain a layered blank; And S4, hot rolling the layered blank, wherein the pressing amount of each pass is 4% -6%, and the total pressing amount is 60% -90%, so that the composite material is obtained. The method comprises the steps of S1, in-situ generation of a compact alumina ceramic layer on the surface of an aluminum foil through micro-arc oxidation, in-situ high-strength combination of the ceramic layer and a matrix, S2, in-situ stacking construction of a composite foil and an aluminum foil colloid, in-situ generation of a compact alumina ceramic layer on the surface of the aluminum foil through micro-arc oxidation, in-situ generation of a compact alumina ceramic layer on the surface of the aluminum foil, in-situ high-strength combination of the ceramic layer and the matrix can be guaranteed through in-situ high-strength combination of the composite foil and the aluminum foil colloid, in-situ compaction of the aluminum foil can be guaranteed, in-situ surface quality uniformity of the aluminum foil can be guaranteed, in-situ compaction and in the sintering process, stress uniformity of the surface material can be guaranteed, in the subsequent compaction and sintering process can be guaranteed, deviation caused by surface material difference can be avoided, in-situ compaction of the stacked body can be directly reduced, and in-situ compaction is avoided, and meanwhile, in-situ lamination is solidified to be solidified into a laminar blank stable through sintering by sintering through sintering at specific temperature sintering temperature. According to the invention, the problem of cracking and interlayer peeling of the layered blank in the rolling process can be