CN-121973512-A - Fireproof and explosion-proof blanket and preparation method thereof

CN121973512ACN 121973512 ACN121973512 ACN 121973512ACN-121973512-A

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of fireproof materials, and discloses a fireproof and explosion-proof blanket and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps of mixing and calendaring quaternary ammonium salt modified layered silicate and organic silicon rubber to obtain organic porcelain silicon rubber, and pressing the organic porcelain silicon rubber and high-temperature-resistant fiber woven cloth to obtain a silicon rubber composite belt, wherein the two sides of the silicon rubber composite belt are respectively provided with an organic porcelain silicon rubber layer and a high-temperature-resistant fiber woven layer; and laminating the high-temperature resistant fiber woven layers of at least two silicon rubber composite belts, enclosing the two woven layers to obtain a filling space, and filling the hydrophobic ceramic material in the filling space to obtain the fireproof and explosion-proof blanket. The fireproof and explosion-proof blanket prepared by the method can effectively avoid the inorganic material in the blanket from being affected with damp, and improves the fireproof performance of the blanket.

Inventors

WANG LIPING
ZHENG GUOCHANG
ZHONG PING
HUANG CHUNYAN
LIAO XUNHUI
XIAO LUNLIN
ZHONG DASHOU
CHEN YONGHUA
HUANG YUXUAN
LIU SHANSHAN
CHEN WANCHUN

Assignees

唐恩(厦门)电气有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260408

Claims (9)

1. The preparation method of the fireproof and explosion-proof blanket is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps: S1, mixing and calendaring quaternary ammonium salt modified layered silicate and organic silicon rubber to obtain organic porcelain silicon rubber, and pressing the organic porcelain silicon rubber and high-temperature-resistant fiber woven cloth to obtain a silicon rubber composite belt, wherein the two sides of the silicon rubber composite belt are respectively provided with an organic porcelain silicon rubber layer and a high-temperature-resistant fiber woven layer; s2, coating hydrophobic silane on the surface of the inorganic ceramic material to obtain a hydrophobic ceramic material containing a hydrophobic silane film; And S3, bonding the high-temperature-resistant fiber woven layers of at least two silicon rubber composite belts, enclosing the two woven layers to obtain a filling space, and filling the filling space with a hydrophobic porcelain material to obtain the fireproof and explosion-proof blanket, wherein the outer surface of the fireproof and explosion-proof blanket is an organic porcelain silicon rubber layer.
2. The method for producing a fire-resistant and explosion-proof blanket according to claim 1, wherein the organic silicone rubber in step S1 includes at least one of methyl phenyl vinyl silicone rubber, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, phenyl silicone rubber, and the high-temperature resistant fiber woven cloth includes at least one of glass fiber cloth, ceramic fiber cloth, basalt fiber cloth, and step S1 includes: S1.1, dispersing layered silicate into deionized water to prepare a suspension with the content of 3-8wt%, stirring for 1.5-2.5 h at 55-65 ℃, adding an ethanol solution containing quaternary ammonium salt, heating to 75-85 ℃, continuously stirring for reacting for 3-5 h, carrying out suction filtration, washing with ethanol, and drying to obtain quaternary ammonium salt modified layered silicate, wherein the concentration of the quaternary ammonium salt in the ethanol solution is 8-12wt%, and the mass ratio of the quaternary ammonium salt to the layered silicate is (1.0-1.5): 1; S1.2, premixing organic rubber at 90-100 ℃ for 8-10 min, adding quaternary ammonium salt modified phyllosilicate and vulcanizing agent, continuously mixing for 1-2 h, obtaining colloid, discharging and placing on a calender, cooling to room temperature, taking the contact surface of the colloid and the calender as the lower surface, taking the surface away from the calender as the upper surface, and calendering and cooling at 70-80 ℃ to obtain the organic porcelain silicone rubber with the upper surface enriched with phyllosilicate, wherein the mass ratio of the organic rubber to the quaternary ammonium salt modified phyllosilicate to the vulcanizing agent is (20-30): (1-2); S1.3, contacting the lower surface of the organic porcelain silicone rubber with the high-temperature-resistant fiber woven cloth, placing the lower surface on the high-temperature-resistant fiber woven cloth, pressing for 10-20 min at 150-170 ℃ and 4-6 MPa, and cooling to obtain a silicone rubber composite belt, wherein the two sides of the silicone rubber composite belt are respectively provided with the organic porcelain silicone rubber layer and the high-temperature-resistant fiber woven layer.
3. The method for producing fire-proof and explosion-proof blanket according to claim 2, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt in step S1.1 comprises at least one of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, dioctadecyl dimethylammonium chloride, the layered silicate comprises at least one of montmorillonite, hectorite, soapstone, beidellite, and the vulcanizing agent comprises at least one of 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di-tert-butylhexane peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, and benzoyl peroxide.
4. The method for preparing the fireproof and explosion-proof blanket according to claim 2, wherein the step S1.2 further comprises a thermal decomposition foaming agent, and the mass ratio of the thermal decomposition foaming agent to the organic rubber is (3-10): 100; The thermal decomposition foaming agent comprises at least one of azodiisobutyronitrile, azodicarbonamide, ammonium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate.
5. The method for producing a fire-resistant and explosion-proof blanket according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic ceramic material in step S2 is composed of a mixture of a molten ceramic material, a heat-conductive ceramic material and a hydrated metal oxide, and the hydrophobic silane comprises at least one of trimethylchlorosilane, hexamethyldisilazane, hexamethyldisiloxane; wherein the molten porcelain material comprises at least one of low-melting glass powder, borax and zinc borate; the heat-conducting porcelain material comprises at least one of boron chloride, magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide; the hydrated metal oxide comprises at least one of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, basic magnesium carbonate and hydrotalcite.
6. The method for producing a fire-resistant and explosion-proof blanket according to claim 5, wherein step S2 comprises: S2.1, mixing a molten porcelain material, a heat-conducting porcelain material, a hydrated metal oxide, deionized water and a binder to obtain composite slurry, wherein the mass ratio of the molten porcelain material to the heat-conducting porcelain material to the hydrated metal oxide to the deionized water to the binder is (10-30): (5-20): (20-40): (30-50): (1-5), and the binder comprises at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide and silica sol; S2.2, spraying and granulating the composite slurry at the inlet temperature of 220-250 ℃ and the outlet temperature of 100-120 ℃ to obtain an inorganic porcelain material; S2.3, placing the inorganic ceramic material in a fluidized bed, introducing nitrogen containing hydrophobic silane gas, depositing for 30-60 min at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ and the nitrogen flow rate of 3-8L/min, continuing to purge for 10-15 min with pure nitrogen, and cooling to obtain the hydrophobic ceramic material containing the hydrophobic silane film, wherein the content of the hydrophobic silane gas in the nitrogen is 2-10 vol%.
7. The method for producing a fire and explosion protection blanket according to claim 5, wherein step S2 further comprises: Respectively placing a molten ceramic material, a heat-conducting ceramic material and a hydrated metal oxide in an inorganic ceramic material in a fluidized bed, introducing nitrogen containing hydrophobic silane gas, depositing for 30-60 min at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ and the nitrogen flow of 3-8L/min, continuously purging for 10-15 min with pure nitrogen, and cooling to obtain the hydrophobic molten ceramic material, the hydrophobic heat-conducting ceramic material and the hydrophobic metal oxide material containing the hydrophobic silane film, wherein the content of the hydrophobic silane gas in the nitrogen is 2-10vol%.
8. The method for producing a fire-resistant and explosion-proof blanket according to claim 7, wherein step S3 comprises: And (3) laminating the high-temperature resistant fiber woven layers of the at least two silicon rubber composite belts, enclosing the two woven layers to obtain a filling space, and sequentially filling the hydrophobic ceramic material into the filling space according to the hydrophobic fused ceramic material layer, the hydrophobic metal oxide material layer, the hydrophobic heat-conducting ceramic material layer, the hydrophobic metal oxide material layer and the hydrophobic fused ceramic material layer to obtain the fireproof and explosion-proof blanket, wherein the outer surface of the fireproof and explosion-proof blanket is the organic ceramic silicon rubber layer.
9. A fire and explosion protection blanket, characterized in that it is manufactured by a method according to any of claims 1-8.

Description

Fireproof and explosion-proof blanket and preparation method thereof Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of fireproof materials, in particular to a fireproof and explosion-proof blanket and a preparation method thereof. Background The cable fireproof and explosion-proof blanket is a passive fireproof product widely applied to the fields of electric power, rail transit, petrochemical industry, high-rise buildings and the like, and is mainly used for key protection of cable intermediate joints, dense laying channels and important load lines. The core structure is generally formed by compounding a plurality of layers of functional materials, wherein the outermost layer is a silicon rubber coating, a certain weather resistance and flexibility are given to the product, the middle layer is used for compounding glass fiber or ceramic fiber cloth as a reinforcing framework through a sewing process, the whole shape is maintained, and the key of realizing the fire-resistant heat insulation function is that inorganic ceramic materials filled in the middle layer, such as mica powder, wollastonite or low-melting-point ceramic powder, are flexible at normal temperature and can be sintered into a hard ceramic shell when meeting flame high temperature, so that fire spread is effectively prevented. However, in actual working conditions, especially in the rainy season of the south of the Yangtze river, the long-term ponding of an underground cable channel or the coastal high-humidity environment, because the silicone rubber layer has certain air permeability and is not absolutely airtight, and in addition, the water vapor can gradually permeate into the interior of the blanket body through micro gaps among silicone rubber molecular chains or sewing needle holes after being in the high-humidity environment for a long time. After the moisture entering the interior contacts with the inorganic porcelain material, the surface of the powder particle adsorbs a water film and agglomeration and hardening occur. Once a fire disaster occurs, the water absorbed and stored in the hardening layer is rapidly vaporized at high temperature to generate huge steam internal pressure, so that the formed ceramic shell bulges, cracks and even collapses and cannot be closely adhered to the surface of a cable, and finally a heat bridge is formed and the fire-resistant heat-insulating performance is seriously invalid. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a fireproof and explosion-proof blanket and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problem of reduced fireproof performance of the fireproof and explosion-proof blanket caused by the wetting of inorganic materials in a humid environment. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a fireproof and explosion-proof blanket, which comprises the following preparation steps: S1, mixing and calendaring quaternary ammonium salt modified layered silicate and organic silicon rubber to obtain organic porcelain silicon rubber, and pressing the organic porcelain silicon rubber and high-temperature-resistant fiber woven cloth to obtain a silicon rubber composite belt, wherein the two sides of the silicon rubber composite belt are respectively provided with an organic porcelain silicon rubber layer and a high-temperature-resistant fiber woven layer; s2, coating hydrophobic silane on the surface of the inorganic ceramic material to obtain a hydrophobic ceramic material containing a hydrophobic silane film; And S3, bonding the high-temperature-resistant fiber woven layers of at least two silicon rubber composite belts, enclosing the two woven layers to obtain a filling space, and filling the filling space with a hydrophobic porcelain material to obtain the fireproof and explosion-proof blanket, wherein the outer surface of the fireproof and explosion-proof blanket is an organic porcelain silicon rubber layer. In some embodiments, the silicone rubber in step S1 includes at least one of methyl phenyl vinyl silicone rubber, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, phenyl silicone rubber, the high temperature resistant fiber woven cloth includes at least one of glass fiber cloth, ceramic fiber cloth, basalt fiber cloth, and step S1 includes: S1.1, dispersing layered silicate into deionized water to prepare a suspension with the content of 3-8wt%, stirring for 1.5-2.5 h at 55-65 ℃, adding an ethanol solution containing quaternary ammonium salt, heating to 75-85 ℃, continuously stirring for reacting for 3-5 h, carrying out suction filtration, washing with ethanol, and drying to obtain quaternary ammonium salt modified layered silicate, wherein the concentration of the quaternary ammonium salt in the ethanol solution is 8-12wt%, and the mass ratio of the quaternary ammonium salt to the layered silicate is (1.0-1.5): 1; S1.2, premixing organic rubber at 90-100 ℃ for 8-10 min, adding quaternary ammonium