CN-121973601-A - Low-energy-consumption double-evaporator parallel type thermal management system for pure electric automobile

CN121973601ACN 121973601 ACN121973601 ACN 121973601ACN-121973601-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-energy-consumption double-evaporator parallel type heat management system for a pure electric automobile, and belongs to the technical field of heat management of pure electric automobiles. The system comprises a data acquisition module, a load resolving module and a control execution module, wherein the data acquisition module acquires heat management related data of the pure electric vehicle, the load resolving module divides three refrigeration working conditions according to trigger conditions, and performs heat load real-time quantification and future period heat load prediction according to the heat management related data, then targets total energy consumption minimization, generates double-evaporator parallel control parameters in combination with preset temperature constraint, enters a PID control temperature maintenance mode after reaching the temperature standard, and the control execution module issues the double-evaporator parallel control parameters to corresponding executors for execution. The invention is used for cooling cabins and batteries of the pure electric vehicles in summer, realizes low-energy-consumption heat management of the pure electric vehicles by precisely controlling working conditions, and ensures refrigeration precision and system energy efficiency.

Inventors

LI BAOMIN
BI WENPING
ZHOU SHUQIN
YANG JIAN

Assignees

江苏嘉和热系统股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260402

Claims (9)

1. A low energy consumption dual evaporator parallel thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle, comprising: the data acquisition module is used for acquiring and storing heat management related data of the pure electric vehicle, wherein the heat management related data comprises heat load source data, temperature data, actuator state data and cabin temperature set values; The load calculation module is used for carrying out real-time quantification of the heat load on the heat management related data and predicting the heat load in the future period, taking the total energy consumption as a target, and generating double-evaporator parallel control parameters by combining with preset temperature constraint; and the control execution module is used for issuing the parallel control parameters of the double evaporators to the corresponding executors for execution.
2. The low energy dual evaporator parallel thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the thermal load source data comprises cabin personnel number, solar irradiance, vehicle speed and battery charge-discharge current, the temperature data comprises cabin actual temperature, battery pack temperature and external ambient temperature, and the actuator status data comprises compressor speed, electronic expansion valve opening and fan speed.
3. The low-power dual-evaporator parallel thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the triggering condition of the load calculation module is at least one of a cabin temperature deviation > ±0.5 ℃ and a battery pack temperature > a preset battery pack temperature threshold, and the cabin temperature deviation is a difference between an actual cabin temperature and a cabin temperature set value.
4. The low-energy-consumption dual-evaporator parallel thermal management system for the pure electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the thermal load is quantized into a quantized cabin refrigeration load and a battery cooling load in real time, wherein the cabin refrigeration load is calculated by substituting a cabin personnel number, solar irradiance, a vehicle speed, an external environment temperature and a cabin actual temperature into a cabin refrigeration load formula, the battery cooling load is calculated by substituting a battery charge-discharge current, a battery pack temperature and the external environment temperature into a battery cooling load formula, the future period thermal load prediction is calculated by adopting a long-short-period memory network algorithm, and a cabin refrigeration load, a battery cooling load, a cabin actual temperature, a battery pack temperature, an external environment temperature, a battery charge-discharge current and a cabin personnel number are taken as input characteristics, and a cabin refrigeration load predicted value and a battery cooling load predicted value of a preset predicted step number are output.
5. The low energy consumption dual evaporator parallel thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle of claim 4, wherein the dual evaporator parallel control parameters are generated by a model predictive control algorithm with total energy consumption minimized as an objective function, in combination with actuator status data and cabin temperature constraints and battery pack temperature constraints.
6. The low-energy-consumption dual-evaporator parallel thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle according to claim 3 or 5, wherein the load resolving module divides the refrigeration working conditions into any one of a cabin refrigeration working condition, a battery cooling working condition and a cooperative refrigeration working condition according to the triggering condition, and each refrigeration working condition corresponds to different dual-evaporator parallel control parameters; The battery evaporator branch and the battery fan are shut down under the cabin refrigeration working condition, the model prediction control algorithm only outputs double-evaporator parallel control parameters including a compressor rotation speed parameter, an electronic expansion valve EXV2 opening parameter and a cabin fan rotation speed parameter, and an objective function removes a battery cooling load prediction item and a battery fan item, and temperature constraint removes battery pack temperature constraint; The cabin evaporator branch and the cabin fan are shut down under the battery cooling working condition, the model prediction control algorithm only outputs double-evaporator parallel control parameters comprising a compressor rotating speed parameter, an electronic expansion valve EXV1 opening parameter and a battery fan rotating speed parameter, and an objective function removes a cabin refrigeration load prediction item and a cabin fan item, and the temperature constraint removes cabin temperature constraint; The model predictive control algorithm under the cooperative refrigeration working condition completely outputs double-evaporator parallel control parameters including a compressor rotating speed parameter, an electronic expansion valve EXV1 opening parameter, an electronic expansion valve EXV2 opening parameter, a cabin fan rotating speed parameter and a battery fan rotating speed parameter.
7. The low-energy-consumption dual-evaporator parallel thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the dual-evaporator parallel control parameter is issued to a cabin temperature deviation of less than or equal to + -0.5 ℃ under cabin cooling working conditions after execution of the corresponding executor, and the load calculation module enters a temperature maintenance mode when a battery pack temperature under battery cooling working conditions is less than or equal to a preset battery pack temperature threshold or a cabin temperature deviation under cooperative cooling working conditions is less than or equal to + -0.5 ℃ and the battery pack temperature is less than or equal to a preset battery pack temperature threshold.
8. The low-energy-consumption dual-evaporator parallel type thermal management system for the pure electric automobile of claim 7, wherein the temperature maintenance mode adopts a closed-loop dynamic regulation strategy, acquires the actual temperature of a cabin, the temperature of a battery pack and the temperature of the external environment in real time in a preset period, and generates actuator fine adjustment data through a PID control algorithm to issue corresponding actuators for fine adjustment.
9. The low-energy-consumption double-evaporator parallel type thermal management system for the pure electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein the system is installed in a vehicle-mounted system of the pure electric automobile and is in communication connection with a whole automobile controller VCU, a battery management system BMS, a vehicle-mounted air conditioner control unit and a vehicle-mounted display unit, and is used for low-energy-consumption thermal management of cooling and battery cooling of an automobile cabin of a summer driving of the pure electric automobile.

Description

Low-energy-consumption double-evaporator parallel type thermal management system for pure electric automobile Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of heat management of pure electric vehicles, in particular to a low-energy-consumption double-evaporator parallel type heat management system for a pure electric vehicle. Background The pure electric automobile is driven by electric energy completely due to no utilization of engine waste heat, and the cabin refrigeration and battery cooling in the driving process in summer become main components of the whole automobile power consumption, and the energy consumption level directly influences the whole automobile endurance mileage, so that the low-energy-consumption refrigeration and heat management scheme becomes one of the core directions of the research and development of the pure electric automobile. At present, a single evaporator or a serial double-evaporator refrigeration heat management system is adopted for a pure electric vehicle, the independent regulation and control of cabin and battery cooling load cannot be realized by the system, heat exchange efficiency is low easily caused by the fact that evaporating temperatures are mutually moved, cold output is difficult to dynamically match according to actual refrigeration demands, the problems of high energy consumption and insufficient refrigeration precision generally exist, and cabin comfort and battery working temperature stability cannot be considered. Aiming at the problems, partial technical schemes try to adopt a double-evaporator parallel structure to optimize a refrigeration and heating management system, but the existing parallel schemes lack accurate real-time quantification and future period prediction means of heat load, a control algorithm only realizes simple on-off and rotation speed adjustment, a control objective function and temperature constraint conditions are not dynamically adjusted by combining a target of total energy consumption minimization with working conditions, meanwhile, after the temperature reaches the standard, a refined closed loop maintenance strategy is lacked, the problems of cold energy waste and executor regulation redundancy still exist, the low-energy consumption collaborative management of cabin refrigeration and battery cooling is difficult to realize, and the high-efficiency thermal management requirement of the summer driving of the pure electric automobile cannot be met. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a low-energy-consumption double-evaporator parallel type heat management system for a pure electric vehicle, which aims to solve the problems that the existing pure electric vehicle refrigeration and heating management system is high in energy consumption, low in precision, poor in regulation and control of a double-evaporator parallel scheme and incapable of achieving low-energy consumption collaborative management of cabin and battery cooling. In order to solve the problems, according to one aspect of the invention, the invention discloses a low-energy-consumption double-evaporator parallel type thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle, which comprises a data acquisition module, a data acquisition module and a load resolving module; The data acquisition module is used for acquiring and storing heat management related data of the pure electric vehicle, wherein the heat management related data comprises heat load source data, temperature data, actuator state data and cabin temperature set values; The load calculation module is used for carrying out real-time quantification of the heat load on the heat management related data and predicting the heat load in the future period, and generating parallel control parameters of the double evaporators by taking the total energy consumption as a target and combining with preset temperature constraint; The control execution module is used for issuing the parallel control parameters of the double evaporators to the corresponding executors for execution. Further, the thermal load source data comprise the number of personnel in the cabin, solar irradiance, vehicle speed and battery charge-discharge current, the temperature data comprise the actual temperature of the cabin, the temperature of a battery pack and the external environment temperature, and the actuator state data comprise the rotation speed of a compressor, the opening degree of an electronic expansion valve and the rotation speed of a fan; the system comprises a vehicle-mounted air conditioner control unit, a battery management system BMS, a vehicle-mounted control unit, a vehicle-mounted controller VCU, a battery charging and discharging current, a battery pack temperature, a fan speed and an electronic expansion valve opening, wherein the vehicle-mounted air conditioner control unit is used for acquiring the heat management related data through the vehicle-mounted matched sensing detection device of the pure