CN-121973946-A - Method for improving degree of greening of hardware equipment of aircraft body structure assembly tool

CN121973946ACN 121973946 ACN121973946 ACN 121973946ACN-121973946-A

Abstract

The invention provides a method for improving the degree of greenness of a hardware device of an aircraft body structure assembly tool, which aims at three key links of assembly positioning, hole making, finish machining, assembly connection, and the like, and constructs a full life cycle scheme of 'structure optimization-energy consumption management and control-pollution prevention and control-resource circulation' from the aspects of equipment cost, operation safety, equipment energy consumption, pollution prevention, maintenance and the like, so that the green upgrading of the hardware device of the tool is realized. The positioning link adopts the measures of light modular design, safety protection reinforcement, low energy consumption driving and the like, the hole making and finishing link adopts the measures of process optimization, cutting fluid replacement, waste recovery and the like, and the connecting link constructs an energy consumption intelligent control, noise vibration three-level prevention and control and material closed-loop management system. The invention can obviously reduce assembly energy consumption and pollutant emission, improve equipment stability and resource utilization rate, guide structural design, operation use, maintenance scrapping and other links of the tool hardware equipment in the whole life cycle, and serve green manufacturing targets.

Inventors

GUO FEIYAN
WAN YUXIN
BAO QIANGWEI
Sha Xiliang
HUANG MINGJI
JIA ZHIXIN

Assignees

北京科技大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260126

Claims (10)

1. The method for improving the degree of greening of the aircraft body structure assembly fixture hardware equipment is characterized by improving the degree of greening of the aircraft body structure assembly fixture hardware equipment in an assembly positioning link, an assembly hole making and finishing link and an assembly connecting link according to the process sequence of positioning, hole making, connecting and finish machining, wherein: In the assembly positioning link, adopting the measures of light weight and economy design, modularized design, multi-level safety protection design, pollution prevention and control and service life guarantee measures, full life cycle maintenance and green design of a positioning driving system of a tooling structure according to the logic sequence of the full life cycle of the tooling device, improving the green degree of the tooling structure and realizing the green targets of low consumption, safety, long-acting and environment protection of the assembly positioning link; in the assembly hole making and finish machining link, according to the whole chain greening thought of 'prevention/operation quality and allowance optimization-control/cutting fluid replacement-optimization/equipment and cutter structure-recovery/waste management', the greening degree of assembly processing equipment is improved through the measures of operation quality guarantee and processing precision improvement, processing allowance optimization, cutting fluid replacement and environmental protection process application, processing equipment and cutter life design and whole flow management of processing waste, and the greening aim of 'high precision, low consumption, less pollution and recycling' of the assembly processing link is realized; In the assembly connection link, according to the whole flow logic of source-process-tail end, the greening degree of assembly connection tooling equipment is improved through the technical scheme of intelligent energy consumption management and control/cost reduction-noise vibration prevention and control/environmental protection-material recycling/synergy, and the greening target of energy consumption reduction, noise prevention and control and waste closed-loop management in the assembly connection link is realized.
2. The method for improving the degree of greening of the hardware equipment of the aircraft body structure assembly fixture according to claim 1, wherein in the assembly positioning link: the tooling structure is light and economical design is that a positioning executing structure and a tail end component are simplified, so that the positioning executing structure and the tail end component are convenient to operate, clamping workload is concentrated, the man-machine engineering performance of a construction space and a working platform is optimized, and economic rationality is enhanced by reasonable material selection; The modular design of the tool structure specifically integrates the standardized and serial design concepts, enhances the installability, maintainability and disassembly scrappability of the tool, matched equipment and internal elements, and shortens the installation and debugging period; The multi-level safety protection design comprises an emergency stop button and a full-function remote controller, wherein a numerical control positioner is provided with multiple locking and detecting alarm functions, and the multi-level safety protection design comprises an automatic stress release and impact monitoring protection mechanism, and a control system and a motor realize power-off maintenance and band-type brake; The pollution prevention, control and life guarantee measures are that the precise components are lubricated, dustproof and wear-resistant coating measures, the slide block is provided with a dustproof device, the hydraulic system is provided with a leakage recovery device, and oil leakage pollution is avoided; The integrated control console realizes the functions of state display, alarm and data storage, performs maintenance on the electric liquid part of the machine according to the standard, periodically checks the precision of circuits, air pipes and equipment, idle equipment adopts protection measures, checks the connection conditions of the circuits, the air pipes and lubrication conditions every month, comprehensively checks the electric liquid part of the machine every two years, performs the operation according to the metering rule, and idle for more than one month by adopting the protection measures; The green design of the positioning driving system is that an energy-saving motor and an automatic positioning system are selected to replace the traditional pneumatic and hydraulic mode, a motor control algorithm is optimized, an energy recovery device is integrated, and standby and operation energy consumption is reduced.
3. The method for improving the degree of greening of the hardware equipment of the aircraft body structure assembly fixture according to claim 1, wherein in the assembly hole making and finishing link: the operation quality assurance and the processing precision improvement are specifically realized by adopting a numerical control drilling machine and laser hole making equipment, optimizing cutting parameters through an orthogonal test, previewing a processing scheme based on a three-dimensional model, finding out the assembly quality problem in advance, and reducing scrapping and reworking; the machining allowance optimization is specifically that dimensional tolerance is accurately designed, simulation software is utilized to simulate deformation and dynamically adjust local allowance of a workpiece, and invalid cutting is reduced; the application of the cutting fluid replacement and environmental protection process specifically comprises the steps of popularizing a dry type hole making or micro lubrication technology and reducing the pollution of the cutting fluid; the service life design of the processing equipment and the cutter is that a high-efficiency motor and an intelligent variable frequency system are selected, the equipment is connected by adopting a modularized bolt, the cutter is selected from long-life environment-friendly products, and a service life early warning system is established; The whole process management measure of the processing waste comprises the steps of recycling drill cuttings for pressing boards, purifying cutting fluid, recycling the cutting fluid, sorting and recycling waste cutters and clamps, and adopting green packaging materials.
4. The method for improving the degree of greening of the hardware equipment of the aircraft body structure assembly fixture according to claim 1, wherein the assembly connection links comprise intelligent energy consumption management and control and energy efficiency improvement, multi-level noise and vibration prevention and control and material and waste greening management, and the method comprises the following steps of: The intelligent energy consumption management and control and energy efficiency improvement is realized by constructing a 'perception-analysis-regulation' closed-loop energy-saving system, collecting operation parameters in real time, establishing a related database, dynamically adjusting power and speed parameters, optimizing equipment start-stop time by combining an MES system, and improving connection quality stability; The noise and vibration multi-level prevention and control device comprises a source, a transmission barrier, a single-body protection device, a noise monitoring device and a noise monitoring device, wherein the source adopts a rivet joint of a composite structure of high-strength aluminum alloy and a polyurethane buffer layer, a mute electromagnetic reversing valve and a low-noise gear pump mute element, the transmission barrier adopts a composite sound absorption wall surface, a detachable sound insulation barrier and a spring damping vibration absorber, the damping ratio of the spring damping vibration absorber is 0.2-0.3, a distributed noise sensor is deployed, and the noise is monitored in real time; The material and waste green management is specifically that chromium-free passivation rivets and water-based adhesives are popularized, fasteners are recovered through magnetic separation, waste hydraulic oil is purified, and condensate water is recovered for recycling.
5. The method for improving the degree of greenness of the hardware equipment of the aircraft body structure assembly tool according to claim 1, wherein the multi-level safety protection design of the assembly positioning link comprises the steps of configuring an emergency stop button and a full-function remote controller around a hanging and transporting transfer device, arranging a ball head in-place detection function, a separation alarm function and a locking function by a numerical control positioner, adopting motor band-type brake locking in the X/Y direction, adopting double protection of self-locking of a worm gear reducer and locking of the motor band-type brake in the Z direction, configuring a pressure sensor and setting an alarm threshold value, having multiple protection functions of stress automatic release and impact monitoring, and enabling a control system and each shaft motor to have power-off maintenance and band-type brake functions.
6. The method for improving the degree of greenization of the aircraft body structure assembly tooling hardware equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that the cutting fluid replacement and environmental protection process comprises the steps of popularizing a dry hole making method, adopting an ultrafine grain hard alloy cutter and a ceramic coating to optimize the front angle of the cutter to be 10-15 degrees, or adopting a micro lubrication technology, and precisely spraying a vegetable oil-based lubricant to a contact area between the cutter and a workpiece through an oil-gas mixing device.
7. The method for improving the degree of greening of the hardware equipment of the aircraft body structure assembly tool according to claim 1, wherein the processing equipment and the tool are designed in a greening manner, a permanent magnet synchronous motor with the efficiency of more than or equal to 95% and an intelligent variable frequency system are selected, equipment frames are connected through modularized bolts, key parts are marked with material components, a coated tool, a hard alloy tool and a nontoxic and harmless coating material are selected, and a tool life early warning system is established.
8. The method for improving the degree of greening of the hardware equipment of the aircraft body structure assembly fixture according to claim 1, wherein the whole process management measure of the processing waste comprises the following steps: Adopting a centrifugal, filtering or magnetic drilling cuttings recycling mechanism to recycle carbon fiber composite material scraps for pressing plates; Filtering, separating and purifying the cutting fluid, and then recycling the cutting fluid, and periodically detecting the pH value and the concentration value; waste cutters, clamps and packaging materials are recovered in a classified way, and a degradable film or a circulating turnover box is adopted.
9. The method for improving the degree of greenness of the aircraft body structure assembly tooling hardware equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that the intelligent energy consumption control and energy efficiency improvement comprises the steps of building an intelligent connection system, configuring a current sensor, a pressure transmitter and a position encoder, building an energy consumption-operation working condition association database, dynamically adjusting connection parameters by means of a machine learning algorithm, reducing the output power of a servo motor to 50% -60% of rated value under a light load working condition, reducing the running speed to 60mm/s from 100mm/s, adopting an adaptive PID control strategy, combining an MES system to predict the task amount and intelligently distributing equipment start-stop time.
10. The method for improving the degree of greenness of the hardware equipment of the aircraft body structure assembly tool according to claim 4 is characterized by comprising the steps of constructing an intelligent connection system, configuring a current sensor, a pressure transmitter and a position encoder, establishing an energy consumption-operation working condition association database, dynamically adjusting connection parameters by means of a machine learning algorithm, reducing the output power of a servo motor to 50% -60% of rated value under a light-load working condition, reducing the running speed to 60mm/s from 100mm/s, adopting an adaptive PID control strategy, and combining an MES system to predict the task amount and intelligently distributing the starting and stopping time of the equipment.

Description

Method for improving degree of greening of hardware equipment of aircraft body structure assembly tool Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of aviation manufacturing, in particular to a method for improving the degree of greening of hardware equipment of an aircraft body structure assembly tool. Background In national standard GB/T28612-2023, green manufacturing is defined as a modern manufacturing mode with low consumption, low emission, high efficiency and high benefit, and the essence of the method is that factors such as an industrial structure, energy resources, ecological environment, health safety and the like are comprehensively considered in the development process of manufacturing industry, and the green development concept is throughout the whole life cycle of product manufacturing so as to promote green transformation and upgrading of the traditional industry. For the assembly of the aircraft body structure, such as a large wallboard, a fuselage barrel section, an integral wing box section, a cabin door frame, accessories and the like, the assembly process is highly complex, and the assembly quality and the assembly efficiency of the product are ensured by using the function of the tool hardware equipment, so that the labor intensity is reduced. However, different assembly tasks require different assembly strategies, process parameters and multiple types of hardware tooling equipment, and involve coordination of specific process ring joints for machine body structure positioning, hole making, connection, post-assembly finishing, assembly quality measurement and control, and the like. The existing assembly tool equipment has the defects that most of the positioning tools are specially designed, the size is large, the occupied area is wide, the maintenance is difficult, the positioning error time variability is strong, the hole making and finish machining links depend on traditional cutting fluid, environmental pollution is easy to cause, the machining allowance is unreasonable, resource waste is caused, the energy consumption conversion efficiency of the connecting equipment is low, the noise and vibration exceeding standard harm to the health of operators, and the waste recycling rate is low. These problems result in large energy consumption, serious environmental pollution and insufficient operation safety in the assembly process, and do not meet the requirements of green manufacturing development. The assembly tooling equipment with the characteristics of digitalization, intellectualization and the like has great influence on the assembly productivity of a machine body structure, the assembly quality, the production cost, the energy consumption, the auxiliary material consumption (such as cutters, cutting fluid and the like), noise, safety, sanitation, waste generation, recovery and the like. In the current design and production, the implementation of assembly functions is focused, and the requirements and the implementation of the green indicators of the hardware equipment in the design are not clear. For the hardware of the assembly fixture equipment, how to promote the green degree of the equipment in the links of positioning, hole making, connecting, finish machining and the like is closely related to environmental pollution and energy consumption in the assembly production execution process, and the assembly fixture equipment has great attention in the assembly production field. In addition, with the development of intelligent manufacturing and digital twin technology in recent years, the used tooling equipment is also gradually required to be subjected to green delivery, namely, the tooling equipment has the characteristic of green, the pollution to the environment is required to be controlled, the influence on the health of workers is reduced, and the assembly operation intensity is reduced. Therefore, in the specific key assembly links of the machine body structure, specific measures for improving the green degree of the assembly tool equipment of different types are discussed from the aspects of equipment cost, operation safety, equipment energy consumption, pollution protection, maintenance and the like, so as to guide links of structural design, operation use, maintenance rejection and the like of the tool hardware equipment in the whole life cycle, realize the collaborative optimization of energy consumption reduction, pollution emission reduction, safety guarantee and resource circulation, and serve the green assembly target. Accordingly, there is a need to develop an aircraft body structure assembly process design and quality control greening degree improving method to address the deficiencies of the prior art to solve or mitigate one or more of the problems described above. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the invention provides a method for improving the degree of greening of an aircraft body structure assembly fixture hardware device, which