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CN-121973974-A - Telescopic wing type aircraft with self-adaptive duct and control method

CN121973974ACN 121973974 ACN121973974 ACN 121973974ACN-121973974-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aircrafts, in particular to a telescopic wing type aircrafts with self-adaptive ducts and a control method, wherein the telescopic wing type aircrafts comprise a frame, a lifting force component, a power component and an adjusting component; the power assembly comprises self-adaptive duct groups arranged on two sides of the frame, and the self-adaptive duct groups are positioned on two sides of the bottom end of the telescopic wing and used for preventing air flow from disturbing the telescopic wing. When the self-adaptive duct group is lifted vertically, the power airflow can be ejected downwards almost vertically, the power airflow can not be blocked or turned over by the upper wing, the thrust is utilized to overcome the gravity to the maximum extent, the thrust-weight ratio and the hovering efficiency are improved, the gesture control is more direct and accurate, the position of the self-adaptive duct group in the cruising state can avoid the airflow from directly impacting the surface of the wing, the smooth airflow on the surface of the wing is prevented from being damaged, the vortex is prevented from being generated, the power efficiency is improved, and the thrust loss caused by the airflow impact is avoided.

Inventors

  • LI YAN

Assignees

  • 长沙森焱科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260402

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The telescopic wing type aircraft with the self-adaptive duct is characterized by comprising a frame (1), a lifting force component and a power component; The lifting assembly comprises a telescopic wing (2) arranged on the frame (1); The power assembly comprises self-adaptive duct groups (4) arranged on two sides of the frame (1), the self-adaptive duct groups (4) and the telescopic wings (2) are staggered in height, and the self-adaptive duct groups (4) are positioned above the telescopic wings (2); The self-adaptive duct group (4) is arranged on the frame (1) through a tilting motor (401); the self-adaptive duct group (4) comprises a plurality of duct turbofans (402), and an elastic layer (403) capable of being inflated is arranged on the outer surface of the air inlet end of each duct turbofan (402).
  2. 2. The telescopic wing aircraft with adaptive duct according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic wing (2) comprises a root wing (201), a middle wing (202) and a tip wing (203), the root wing (201) is fixedly installed at the top end of the frame (1), the middle wing (202) is installed at two sides of the root wing (201), and the tip wing (203) and the middle wing (202) form sliding connection and can be slidably contracted to the inner side of the middle wing (202).
  3. 3. The telescopic wing aircraft with the self-adaptive duct according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the telescopic wing (2) internally comprises a guide assembly, the guide assembly comprises a guide chute (206) formed at the bottom end of a tip wing section (203) and a guide rod (205) arranged on the inner side surface of a middle wing section (202), the guide rod (205) slides along the guide chute (206), a screw rod (207) is arranged between the guide rods (205) on two sides, a sleeve (208) for accommodating the screw rod (207) is arranged in the tip wing section (203), and the screw rod (207) is driven by a screw rod motor (209) and is used for driving the tip wing section (203) to slide along the length direction of the middle wing section (202).
  4. 4. A telescopic wing aircraft with adaptive duct according to claim 3, characterized in that the telescopic wing (2) further comprises a winglet (210) arranged at the end of the tip wing section (203).
  5. 5. The telescopic wing aircraft with the self-adaptive duct according to claim 1, wherein the self-adaptive duct group (4) further comprises an airfoil-shaped connecting rod (407), a plurality of duct turbofans (402) at the same rack (1) position are rotatably connected with the rack (1) through the airfoil-shaped connecting rod (407), and the tilting motor (401) is mounted at the tail end of the airfoil-shaped connecting rod (407).
  6. 6. The telescopic wing aircraft with the self-adaptive duct according to claim 5, wherein the wing-shaped front edge of the wing-shaped connecting rod (407) is located at one side of an air inlet of the duct turbofan (402), and the wing-shaped rear edge of the wing-shaped connecting rod (407) is located at one side of an air outlet of the duct turbofan (402).
  7. 7. The telescopic wing aircraft with the self-adaptive duct according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a mounting ring is arranged at the top end of the duct turbofan (402), a clamping ring (404) is connected to the top end of the mounting ring, and the elastic layer (403) is coated on the outer side surface of the clamping ring (404).
  8. 8. The telescopic wing aircraft with the self-adaptive duct according to claim 7, wherein an inflation channel (406) for expanding the elastic layer (403) is communicated with the inside of the duct turbofan (402) and the clamping ring (404), and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the inner side of the inflation channel (406).
  9. 9. The telescopic wing aircraft with the self-adaptive duct according to claim 2, wherein an air cushion (7) is installed at the bottom end of the frame (1), a plurality of groups of battery bins (5) for supplying power to the aircraft are detachably installed in the frame (1), a supporting leg (6) for supporting the aircraft is installed at the bottom end of the frame (1), the telescopic wing (2) is installed at the top end of the frame (1), the telescopic wing (2) further comprises an aileron (204) capable of swinging up and down, and a rudder (302) in rotary connection with the tail wing (3), and the aileron (204) is in rotary connection with the tip wing segment (203).
  10. 10. A method of controlling a telescopic wing aircraft with an adaptive duct, characterized in that the telescopic wing aircraft with an adaptive duct according to claim 2 is used, comprising the steps of: Step one, driving a tilting motor (401) to rotate under the state of inflation and shrinkage of an elastic layer (403) and wings, so that the axes of all ducted turbofans (402) are in a state of being vertical to a horizontal plane; step two, when the aircraft enters a cruising state for operation, the telescopic wing (2) is in an extending state; Step three, exhausting the gas filled in the elastic layer (403); And fourthly, when the aircraft is in a landing state, the tilting motor (401) directly generates upward thrust by the ducted turbofan (402), and when the aircraft falls to a preset height, the telescopic wing (2) is in a contracted state.

Description

Telescopic wing type aircraft with self-adaptive duct and control method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of aircrafts, in particular to a telescopic wing type aircrafts with self-adaptive ducts and a control method. Background With the development of unmanned aerial vehicles and aviation technology, there is an increasing demand for flying platforms having both vertical take-off/hover (VTOL) capability and high-efficiency high-speed cruise capability. Existing solutions are often faced with significant contradictions between aerodynamic efficiency, structural complexity and mission adaptability when attempting to merge these two distinct modes of flight. Although the traditional multi-rotor aircraft has excellent vertical take-off and landing and hovering capabilities, the pneumatic efficiency is low, the cruising speed is low, the range is short, and the requirements of high-speed and long-distance tasks are difficult to meet. In order to make up for the defect, the developed 'composite wing' vertical take-off and landing fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle generally adopts an independent vertical lifting system, the scheme leads to the increase of structural weight and resistance, and in the mode conversion process, a vertical power component can become a dead weight and resistance source in a cruising state, so that the lift-drag ratio and cruising performance of the whole machine are severely restricted. The technical path represented by the tilting rotor/duct realizes mode conversion by changing the thrust direction, and solves the multiplexing problem of the power system. However, its rotor/turbofan is typically located in front of or above the wing in cruising conditions. When the turbofan tilts to generate thrust horizontally, high-speed sliding flow of the turbofan directly impacts the surface of the wing, and the laminar flow above the wing is disturbed, so that strong airflow separation and extra induced resistance are generated, the high-lift characteristic of the wing is destroyed, and the cruising efficiency advantage of the fixed wing is counteracted. In the prior art, the vertical take-off and landing performance is difficult to effectively improve on the premise of not damaging the cruising pneumatic efficiency, so that the telescopic wing type aircraft with the self-adaptive duct is necessary to solve the problems. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a telescopic wing type aircraft with a self-adaptive duct and a control method, and the telescopic wing type aircraft can ensure high-efficiency cruising capacity and greatly improve thrust-weight ratio in a vertical flight stage through the cooperative work of the telescopic wing and the self-adaptive duct. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the invention provides a telescopic wing type aircraft with a self-adaptive duct, which comprises a frame, a lifting force component, a power component and an adjusting component, wherein the lifting force component is arranged on the frame; the lifting assembly comprises a telescopic wing arranged at the top end of the frame and a tail wing arranged at the tail end of the frame; The power assembly comprises self-adaptive duct groups arranged on two sides of the frame, the self-adaptive duct groups are positioned on two sides of the bottom end of the telescopic wing, the self-adaptive duct and the telescopic wing are staggered in height, and the self-adaptive duct is positioned above the telescopic wing; The adjusting component comprises an aileron capable of swinging up and down and a rudder which is rotationally connected with the tail wing; the adjusting assembly further comprises a tilting motor for rotating the self-adaptive duct group and a screw motor for driving the expansion wings to expand; the self-adaptive duct group comprises a plurality of duct turbofans, and the outer surface of the air inlet end of each duct turbofan is provided with an elastic layer capable of being inflated. The integrated frame, lift, power and adjusting component realize the multi-functional basis of vertical take-off and landing and cruising, promote flight adaptability and operational flexibility. As a preferred scheme, the telescopic wing comprises a root wing section, a middle wing section and a tip wing section, wherein the root wing section is fixedly arranged at the top end of the frame, the middle wing section is arranged at two sides of the root wing section, the tip wing section and the middle wing section form sliding connection, the telescopic wing can be contracted to the inner side of the middle wing section in a sliding manner, and the aileron and the tip wing section form rotating connection. The three-section design of the telescopic wing is described, vertical take-off and landing resistance is reduced through contraction, cruising lift force is provided through expansion, and space utilization and flight