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CN-121974248-A - Mechanical limit protection device for bridge crane steel wire rope anti-drop groove

CN121974248ACN 121974248 ACN121974248 ACN 121974248ACN-121974248-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of safety monitoring and protection of hoisting machinery, and discloses an anti-drop groove mechanical limit protection device for a wire rope of a bridge crane, which comprises a frame, wherein a monitoring mechanism for capturing the gesture of the wire rope and an actuating mechanism for implementing emergency braking are integrated on the frame; the monitoring mechanism comprises a floating self-adaptive component, a multidimensional detection component and a main falling detection component which are connected in a sequential transmission mode. According to the invention, the magnetic flux change caused by the rotation of the permanent magnet ring is induced by the Hall sensor, and the micro-deflection trend of the steel wire rope as low as 0.1 degrees can be accurately analyzed by combining a differential voltage algorithm, so that the system can intervene in advance when the steel wire rope is not really removed from the groove but is in a dangerous posture, normal operation swing and dangerous groove removal precursors can be distinguished, common-mode interference is eliminated by a software algorithm, the false alarm rate is greatly reduced, and the continuity and safety of crane operation are improved.

Inventors

  • TAN SHOUCHEN
  • ZHAO LUYAO
  • ZHAO HONGYANG

Assignees

  • 安徽拜亚注册安全工程师事务所有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20251230

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The mechanical limit protection device for the anti-drop groove of the wire rope of the bridge crane is characterized by comprising a frame (1), wherein a monitoring mechanism for capturing the gesture of the wire rope and an executing mechanism for implementing emergency braking are integrated on the frame (1); the monitoring mechanism comprises a floating self-adaptive component (8), a multidimensional detection component (7) and a main falling detection component (6) which are connected in a transmission way in sequence; the floating self-adaptive component (8) is arranged at the bottom end of the multi-dimensional detection component (7) and is used for keeping follow-up contact with the steel wire rope and filtering high-frequency microseism; the multidimensional detection assembly (7) is movably arranged at the front side of the frame (1) and is used for converting displacement fed back by the floating self-adaptive assembly (8) into a rotation component to carry out electronic angle monitoring and transmitting large-amplitude rotation motion to the rear end of the frame (1) through the transmission shaft (703); The main falling detection assembly (6) is connected to the rear end of the frame (1) and is coupled with the transmission shaft (703) and is used for triggering a physical limit signal when receiving mechanical transmission motion exceeding a preset threshold value; The actuating mechanism comprises a main cylinder (4) arranged at the front end of the frame (1) and a brake block (5) arranged at the output end of the main cylinder (4), wherein the main cylinder (4) is used for responding to an abnormal signal sent by the multidimensional detection assembly (7) or the main falling detection assembly (6) to drive the brake block (5) to compress the wire rope winding and unwinding wheel.
  2. 2. The bridge crane wire rope anti-drop mechanical limit protection device according to claim 1, wherein the floating self-adaptive assembly (8) comprises a mounting seat (801), an adjusting frame (802) and a wire clamping frame (806); The mounting seat (801) is fixedly connected with the multidimensional detection assembly (7), the adjusting frame (802) is hinged in the mounting seat (801), and the clamping frame (806) is hung below the adjusting frame (802) through an elastic telescopic mechanism; The elastic telescopic mechanism comprises a movable rod (803) movably inserted in the adjusting frame (802) and an adaptive spring (805) sleeved on the outer side of the movable rod (803), a limiting plate (804) is arranged at the top end of the movable rod (803), and the adaptive spring (805) is abutted between the limiting plate (804) and the adjusting frame (802) to form an adaptive compensation structure for diameter change of a steel wire rope.
  3. 3. The mechanical limit protection device for the wire rope anti-drop groove of the bridge crane according to claim 2, wherein the wire clamping frame (806) is of an inverted U-shaped structure, a plurality of rollers (807) are symmetrically and uniformly distributed on two sides of the inner side wall of the wire clamping frame, and the rollers (807) are used for converting sliding friction between the wire clamping frame (806) and the wire rope into rolling friction.
  4. 4. The bridge crane wire rope anti-drop mechanical limit protection device according to claim 1, wherein the multi-dimensional detection assembly (7) adopts a universal joint type transmission structure and comprises a rotary auxiliary frame (701) and a swinging auxiliary frame (702) which are mutually hinged, and the rotary auxiliary frame and the swinging auxiliary frame are connected through a cross shaft (704); The swing subframe (702) is connected with the floating adaptive assembly (8), and the rotary subframe (701) is rotatably supported on the frame (1) through the transmission shaft (703); the tail end of the shaft neck of the cross shaft (704) is provided with a Hall sensor (706), a permanent magnet ring (705) is arranged at a corresponding shaft hole of the rotary sub-frame (701) or the swinging sub-frame (702), and the Hall sensor (706) is matched with the permanent magnet ring (705) to form a non-contact angle detection unit.
  5. 5. The bridge crane wire rope anti-drop groove mechanical limit protection device according to claim 1, wherein the main drop detection assembly (6) comprises a gear-rack transmission mechanism, a mounting shaft (3) is arranged at the rear end of the frame (1), the transmission shaft (703) penetrates through the frame (1) and is coaxially connected with a detection gear (601), and a driven gear (602) meshed with the detection gear (601) is rotatably arranged on the mounting shaft (3); and a limiting guide rail (603) is further fixed on the frame (1), a rack (605) is slidably mounted in the limiting guide rail (603), and the rack (605) is meshed with the driven gear (602) and used for converting rotary motion into linear triggering motion.
  6. 6. The bridge crane wire rope anti-drop groove mechanical limiting protection device according to claim 5, wherein a clamping block (609) is arranged at the bottom of the rack (605), sliding grooves matched with the clamping block (609) are arranged in the limiting guide rail (603), limiting springs (606) are respectively abutted to two sides of the clamping block (609), and the other ends of the limiting springs (606) are abutted to the inner wall of the limiting guide rail (603) and used for providing bidirectional reset damping.
  7. 7. The bridge crane wire rope anti-drop groove mechanical limit protection device according to claim 6, wherein extension seats (604) are arranged at two ends of the limit guide rail (603), and a detection switch (607) is arranged at the inner side of the extension seats (604); and the two ends of the rack (605) are axially extended to be provided with a striking rod (608), and the striking rod (608) corresponds to the detection switch (607) in position and is used for physically triggering the detection switch (607) when the rack (605) is displaced to the limit position.
  8. 8. The bridge crane wire rope anti-drop groove mechanical limit protection device of claim 5, wherein the diameter of the driven gear (602) is larger than that of the detection gear (601) so as to form a speed-reducing and torque-increasing transmission relationship, and the mechanical moment for driving the rack (605) to overcome the spring resistance is enhanced.
  9. 9. The bridge crane wire rope anti-drop groove mechanical limit protection device according to claim 1, wherein the brake plate (5) is of an arc-shaped structure, an intrados of the brake plate is mainly made of polyurethane materials or high-wear-resistance cloth clamping rubber, and the hardness of the brake plate (5) is lower than the metal hardness of a wire rope winding and unwinding wheel.
  10. 10. The bridge crane wire rope anti-drop groove mechanical limit protection device according to claim 1 is characterized in that a fixed lug plate (2) is arranged below the back of the frame (1), and the fixed lug plate (2) is used for mounting the device on a lateral supporting structure of a wire rope winding and unwinding wheel in a biased mode through bolts.

Description

Mechanical limit protection device for bridge crane steel wire rope anti-drop groove Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of safety monitoring and protection of hoisting machinery, and particularly relates to a mechanical limit protection device for a wire rope anti-drop groove of a bridge crane. Background Bridge cranes are used as indispensable material handling equipment in modern industrial production, and the operation safety of the bridge cranes is directly related to the production efficiency and the personnel life safety. In the hoisting mechanism of a crane, the cooperation of a steel wire rope and a winding drum or a pulley is a core link. However, in the actual working process, the wire rope is extremely liable to generate an offset angle (deflection angle) when entering and exiting the pulley groove due to the swing of the hoisting load, the inertial impact at the time of starting braking, the misoperation of an operator or the installation error of the equipment itself. Once the deflection angle exceeds a critical value, or the steel wire rope is suddenly jumped, the 'slotter' accident can be caused, namely, the steel wire rope is jumped out of the pulley groove and is clamped into the gap of the wheel shaft, the steel wire rope is worn and scrapped, the equipment is stopped, and serious safety accidents such as heavy falling and the like are caused. The protection against the wire rope slotter in the prior art mainly depends on a simple mechanical stop lever or a contact limit switch. The traditional device has obvious limitations that firstly, a mechanical stop lever is usually passively protected, the real-time state of a steel wire rope cannot be monitored, a limited blocking effect is achieved only when an accident occurs, and secondly, a contact limit switch lacks identification capability for normal vibration and groove removal precursors of the steel wire rope. When the crane works, the steel wire rope is stressed to generate natural elastic vibration and diameter micro-change, and the prior art cannot detect the steel wire rope due to insufficient sensitivity or frequently gives out errors due to over-high sensitivity, so that the crane is frequently stopped suddenly, and the working efficiency is seriously affected. In addition, the existing detection device mostly only has a single-dimension detection function, cannot adapt to the complex movement track of the steel wire rope in the three-dimensional space, and after the risk of groove removal is detected, the power supply of the motor is often only cut off, a direct braking means for the pulley is lacked, and the pulley can still be involved in a gap due to the fact that the pulley continuously rotates under the action of inertia. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a mechanical limit protection device for an anti-drop groove of a wire rope of a bridge crane, so as to solve the problems in the background art. In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides the technical scheme that the mechanical limit protection device for the anti-drop groove of the wire rope of the bridge crane comprises a frame, wherein a monitoring mechanism for capturing the gesture of the wire rope and an actuating mechanism for implementing emergency braking are integrated on the frame; the monitoring mechanism comprises a floating self-adaptive component, a multidimensional detection component and a main falling detection component which are sequentially connected in a transmission way; The floating self-adaptive component is arranged at the bottom end of the multi-dimensional detection component and is used for keeping follow-up contact with the steel wire rope and filtering high-frequency microseism; The multidimensional detection assembly is movably arranged on the front side of the frame and is used for converting displacement fed back by the floating self-adaptive assembly into a rotation component to monitor an electronic angle and transmitting large-amplitude rotation motion to the rear end of the frame through a transmission shaft; the main falling detection assembly is connected to the rear end of the rack and is coupled with the transmission shaft, and is used for triggering a physical limit signal when receiving mechanical transmission motion exceeding a preset threshold value; The actuating mechanism comprises a main cylinder arranged at the front end of the frame and a brake block arranged at the output end of the main cylinder, wherein the main cylinder is used for responding to abnormal signals sent by the multidimensional detection assembly or the main falling detection assembly to drive the brake block to compress the steel wire rope winding and unwinding wheel. As a further technical scheme of the invention, the floating self-adaptive assembly comprises a mounting seat, an adjusting frame and a wire clamping frame; The mounting seat is fixedly connected with the multidimensional detection assem