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CN-121974251-A - Offshore hoisting, installing and monitoring construction method for super-kiloton caisson

CN121974251ACN 121974251 ACN121974251 ACN 121974251ACN-121974251-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of port and dock construction, and particularly relates to a super-kiloton-level offshore lifting installation monitoring construction method for caissons. The method comprises the steps of arranging and embedding caisson hanging holes, designing and checking a hanging frame structure, positioning a crane ship, moving a ship by a hinged anchor, automatically hooking the hanging frame, performing graded test hanging, controlling the lowering and water pressing of the caisson, accurately positioning a total station, automatically unhooking the hanging frame, and monitoring and two-stage early warning of hanging point stress. According to the invention, through a 2-hook-6-sling-12-hanging-hole grading force transmission system, a 36a groove steel back buckle combined main beam, a pin shaft ear plate special inspection calculation and 4000/4150 type double-gauge-length stress meter real-time monitoring, the hoisting precision, safety and efficiency are remarkably improved. In addition, the system is excellent in stress balance, installation accuracy, construction efficiency, environmental protection and intelligent monitoring, so that the overall construction flow and project quality are effectively improved.

Inventors

  • PAN YING
  • YU YIRONG
  • WANG JIANJUN
  • LIU XU
  • GAO HONG
  • LI XIAOHUI
  • YANG RUNLAI
  • CUI HAITAO
  • LIU GANG
  • YAN RUYU
  • ZHANG SHUANG
  • Ji Yangming
  • LUO SHILIN

Assignees

  • 中交一航局第三工程有限公司
  • 中交第一航务工程局有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260408

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The marine lifting, installing and monitoring construction method for the super-kiloton caisson is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, arranging and embedding caisson hanging holes; S2, designing and checking a hanging bracket structure; s3, positioning a crane ship and moving the crane ship by means of a hinged anchor; s4, hanging the hanger automatically to hook and stage trial hanging; s5, lowering the caisson and controlling water pressing; s6, accurately positioning the total station; S7, automatically unhooking the hanging frame; s8 and the stress of the hanging point is monitored in real time and the two-stage early warning is carried out.
  2. 2. The method for monitoring and constructing the offshore lifting installation of the super-thousand-ton caisson according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the S1, 12 lifting holes are uniformly distributed on two sides of the top surface of the caisson, 6 lifting holes are formed on each side, the lifting holes adopt a non-through hole structure, ribs are distributed on the wall of the hole in a double-layer mode, the size phi of the ribs is 25@80mm, the distances between the lifting holes are matched according to a compartment partition wall, and the stress of a single-hole design is 1515.8kN.
  3. 3. The marine lifting installation monitoring construction method for the super-thousand-ton caisson is characterized in that in S2, Q235B steel is adopted as a main body of the hanging frame, the total weight of the hanging frame is 60t, the distance between a hanging hook and a plane of the hanging frame is larger than or equal to 16m, a main beam is 36a groove steel back buckle combined section, a secondary beam is 36a channel steel, the diameter phi of a pin shaft is 170mm, the thickness of an ear plate is 40mm, groove welding is optimized, a hanging hole adopts a non-through hole structure and is provided with double layers of reinforcing bars, through MIDAS CIVIL finite element analysis, the maximum bending stress of the main beam is 129.5MPa, the shearing stress of the pin shaft is 85.2MPa, and the tearing resistance stress of the ear plate is 145.05MPa, so that the standard requirements are met.
  4. 4. The method for monitoring and constructing the offshore lifting installation of the super-thousand-ton caisson according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, a 1600t crane ship is adopted, a splayed anchor is thrown at the stern, an anchor chain length is 200m, a front cable is tied to a wharf bollard, a bow is 5m away from the front edge of the wharf, 8 anchors are arranged on the crane ship, the front part is 5m and the rear part is 3m, at least two anchors are kept to be placed in the process of moving the winch anchor, and a subsequent caisson can be tied to an embedded ring of the installed caisson.
  5. 5. The method for monitoring and constructing the offshore lifting installation of the super-thousand-ton caisson according to the claim 1 is characterized in that in the S4, a 12-point automatic unhooking hanger is lifted to the top surface of the caisson by a crane ship, 12 lifting hooks are synchronously inserted into lifting holes by adjusting auxiliary hooks, the design load is 1120t, the design load is graded and tried, and each grade is static for 5min, and the states of a lifting rigging, the hanger and the caisson are observed.
  6. 6. The method for monitoring the offshore lifting installation of the super-thousand-ton caisson according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, after the test lifting is qualified, the crane ship is anchored and moved to an installation position, the caisson is slowly lowered, the caisson is submerged under pressure through a reserved water inlet hole, the difference between the internal water level and the external water level is controlled to be less than or equal to 1m, and unhooking is prevented.
  7. 7. The method for monitoring the offshore lifting installation of the super-thousand-ton caisson according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the step S6, when the caisson is lowered to 30cm from the top surface of a foundation bed, the lowering is stopped, a land total station observes that 360-degree prisms are embedded in four corners of the caisson, the deviation of an axis and an elevation is fed back in real time, and a crane ship adjusts the posture of the caisson through ship moving and steel cable adjusting.
  8. 8. The method for monitoring and constructing the offshore lifting installation of the super-thousand-ton caisson according to claim 1, wherein in the step S7, after the caisson is qualified in the bottom, the auxiliary hook is adjusted to enable the hanging frame to be automatically unhooked, and the crane ship lifts the hook to recover the hanging frame.
  9. 9. The marine lifting installation monitoring construction method for the super-thousand-ton caisson is characterized in that in S8, 4000 long-gauge-distance stress meters are arranged on 12 lifting hook inclined planes, the gauge distance is 10cm, 4150 short-gauge-distance stress meters are arranged on cambered surfaces, the gauge distance is 5cm, the sampling frequency is 10Hz, the wireless transmission delay is less than 0.5S, yellow early warning is conducted when any lifting point stress is more than or equal to 220MPa or the deviation is more than or equal to 8%, red early warning is conducted when any point stress is more than or equal to 260MPa or the deviation is more than or equal to 10%, and lifting signals are automatically cut off when the red early warning is conducted.
  10. 10. The method for monitoring the offshore lifting installation and construction of the super-thousand-ton caisson according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the construction method is suitable for super-thousand-ton rectangular thin-wall caissons with the wall thickness of less than or equal to 300mm, the dead weight of more than or equal to 1000t and the length-width ratio of more than or equal to 3:1.

Description

Offshore hoisting, installing and monitoring construction method for super-kiloton caisson Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of port and dock construction, and particularly relates to a super-kiloton-level offshore lifting installation monitoring construction method for caissons. Background The caisson is a main structural form of a gravity wharf, a quay wall and an outer dike, and is a rectangular thin-wall caisson with the wall thickness of less than or equal to 300mm in thousands of tons, and is large in dead weight (more than or equal to 1000 t), high in length-width ratio (more than or equal to 3:1) and low in rigidity, and a floating towing process is generally adopted in offshore installation. The prior art CN110258308A discloses a floating installation method, wherein a caisson is towed to an installation position by a tug and then is pressed and submerged, but the method has the defects that ① needs long-distance floating, is easy to be interfered by wind waves, has poor positioning precision (deviation is more than 200 mm), the caisson is subjected to torsion moment in the floating process of ②, the thin wall is easy to crack, ③ needs underwater auxiliary unhooking of a diver, has high safety risk and low work efficiency (single seat takes more than 4 hours), ④ lacks real-time stress monitoring of a hanging point, hanging force is uneven, hanging holes are easy to damage or the caisson is easy to topple, and ⑤ needs a special shipping wharf. CN113389144a discloses a land air bag transporting and lifting ship hoisting process, but is only suitable for <800t caissons, the hoisting points are less than or equal to 8, unbalanced load and torsion of the rectangular caissons with the thousands of tons cannot be balanced, automatic unhooking and stress monitoring are not integrated, manual high-place pin penetrating is needed, and falling risks exist. CN116591205A discloses a multipoint hanger, but the number of hanging points is less than or equal to 10, which is not optimized for rectangular thin-wall caissons, and there is no real-time monitoring system. The traditional small-sized machine has the limitations that the lifting hole is punched and sold by relying on manpower, the labor intensity is high, the cost is high, and the efficiency and the safety are limited under the complex sea condition. The traditional floating process has the limitations that a special prefabricated field and a shipping terminal are needed, long-distance floating is greatly influenced by sea conditions, tugboat assistance is needed, the risk of oil stains is high, and the floating process cannot be adapted to a scene which is not transformed by the operating terminal. The prior hanging frame has the limitations that box-type beams or single hanging hooks are adopted, the hanging points are insufficient (less than or equal to 8 points) and exceed the limit value of punching when the wall of the caisson is pressed, automatic unhooking and real-time monitoring are not integrated, manual high-place operation is needed, and the potential safety hazard is large. The prior monitoring technology has the limitations that the sensor is easy to fail in the sea high salt fog and wind wave disturbance environment when being used for bridges or land components, and a synchronous monitoring and early warning mechanism is not established for a 12-point hanging frame, so that the stress of a hanging point can not be regulated and controlled dynamically. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a method for monitoring the offshore hoisting installation and construction of a super-kiloton caisson without floating haulage and realizing balanced stress and real-time monitoring of a hoisting point. The method is particularly suitable for realizing rapid, safe, economical and efficient caisson installation under the scene of limited sites, high sea condition interference and high crack resistance requirement of a thin-wall structure of the operation wharf. The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the aim: the marine lifting, installing and monitoring construction method for the super-kiloton caisson is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, arranging and embedding caisson hanging holes: 12 hanging holes are uniformly arranged on two sides of the top surface of the caisson, 6 hanging holes are arranged on each side, each hanging hole adopts a non-through hole structure, the hole wall is provided with double layers of reinforcing bars phi 25@80mm, the distances between the hanging holes are matched according to the partition walls of the bin grids, and the stress of a single hole design is 1515.8kN; s2, hanging bracket structural design and checking calculation: The main body of the hanger adopts Q235B steel, the total weight of the hanger is 60t, the distance between the lifting hook and the plane of the hanger is more than or equal to 16m, the main beam is 36a groove