CN-121974430-A - Photo-thermal evaporation material for flowers on balls, preparation method of photo-thermal evaporation material and photo-thermal evaporation device with honeycomb hollow structure

CN121974430ACN 121974430 ACN121974430 ACN 121974430ACN-121974430-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of photo-thermal conversion and solar sea water desalination, and particularly relates to a flower photo-thermal evaporation material on a ball, a preparation method thereof and a honeycomb hollow structure photo-thermal evaporation device. The honeycomb hollow structure photo-thermal evaporation device comprises a base and an evaporation assembly fixed on the base, wherein the evaporation assembly comprises an internal T-shaped evaporation body and an external cylindrical cladding piece, and the T-shaped evaporation body and/or the cylindrical cladding piece are/is made of photo-thermal evaporation materials. The device is integrally made of photo-thermal evaporation material and PVA-PAM composite aerogel, the upper part of the T-shaped main body is a honeycomb disc evaporation layer, the lower part of the T-shaped main body is a water supply column, the outer cylinder and the water supply column form a hollow cavity, and salt is discharged in a T-shaped path. The device optimizes thermal management through cooperation of materials and structures, improves water evaporation rate and long-term stability of sea water desalination, and is suitable for solar sea water desalination and brackish water desalination.

Inventors

Lin Langyou
PENG LONG
ZHANG HAIFENG
ZHOU TIANXIANG
WANG MINGYU
Hou Xiangxin
E yi
WANG XIANBAO

Assignees

湖北大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20260203

Claims (10)

1. The flower photo-thermal evaporation material on the sphere is characterized by comprising carbon spheres, wherein the surfaces of the carbon spheres are coated with molybdenum disulfide nano flower layers with specific surface areas larger than 20m 2 /g.
2. The on-ball flower photo-thermal evaporation material as defined in claim 1, wherein: The carbon spheres are of a spherical structure; The molybdenum disulfide nano flower layer is a nano flower structure with the size of 200-300nm formed by compact molybdenum disulfide nano sheets; The specific surface area of the molybdenum disulfide nano flower layer is 20-80 m < 2 >/g.
3. The on-ball flower photo-thermal evaporation material of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the molybdenum disulfide nano flower layer to the carbon balls is 1.0-1.5:1.0.
4. A method for preparing the flower photo-thermal evaporation material on a ball as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of: 1) Preparing a carbon sphere: Dissolving glucose in deionized water to form an aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.1-0.2mol/L, then carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 8-12h at 160-180 ℃ in a high-pressure reaction kettle, centrifuging and washing after the reaction, and carrying out vacuum drying for 4-6h at 60-80 ℃ to obtain carbon spheres with the size of 6-8 mu m; 2) Preparing a carbon sphere with a surface coated with molybdenum disulfide nanoflower: Dispersing carbon spheres in a mixed aqueous solution of ammonium molybdate and thiourea, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion uniformly, then carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 12-24h at 180-220 ℃ in a high-pressure reaction kettle under the pressure of 7-15MPa, centrifuging and washing after the reaction, and carrying out vacuum drying for 6-8h at 60-80 ℃ to obtain the carbon spheres with molybdenum disulfide nanoflower coated on the surfaces, wherein the mass ratio of the carbon spheres to the ammonium molybdate to the thiourea is (60-100): 1 (30-50), and the dispersion concentration of the carbon spheres is 6-8g/L.
5. A photo-thermal evaporation material is characterized by being prepared by preparing the flower-on-ball photo-thermal evaporation material, PVA, PAM and a proper amount of cross-linking agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 into a composite gel solution, casting, forming and freeze-drying to form honeycomb aerogel with through holes, wherein the mass ratio of the flower-on-ball photo-thermal evaporation material, PVA and PAM is (0.25-0.5): 5 (0.25-1), and the addition amount of the cross-linking agent is 1% -5% of the total mass of PVA and PAM.
6. A honeycomb hollow structured photo-thermal evaporation apparatus, comprising: A base; And an evaporation assembly secured to the base, the evaporation assembly comprising an inner T-shaped evaporation body and an outer cylindrical envelope, wherein the material of the T-shaped evaporation body and/or the cylindrical envelope is selected from the group consisting of the photo-thermal evaporation materials of claim 5.
7. The honeycomb hollow structure photo-thermal evaporation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: The T-shaped evaporation body comprises an upper disc evaporation layer and a lower vertical water supply column; A hollow cavity is formed between the cylindrical cladding piece and the vertical water supply column, and the side wall of the hollow cavity forms an inner wall evaporation interface; One end of the vertical water supply column, which is far away from the disc evaporation layer, is fixed with the base, and the vertical water supply column and the base form a T-shaped water supply and salt discharge channel.
8. The honeycomb hollow structure photo-thermal evaporation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: In the disc evaporation layer, the thickness of the disc is 5-10mm, a plurality of through holes are formed in the disc, the aperture of each through hole is 2-5mm, the distance between each through hole and the center of the disc is 10-15mm, and the number of the through holes is 4-8; the inner diameter of the hollow cavity is 14-16mm, the outer diameter of the hollow cavity is 20-30mm, and the wall thickness of the cylindrical cladding piece is 6-10mm.
9. The honeycomb hollow structure photo-thermal evaporation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: the base is made of polystyrene foam; the depth of the vertical water supply column inserted into the base is 0.3-1cm; The mass ratio of the flower photo-thermal evaporation material on the ball in the honeycomb hollow structure photo-thermal evaporation device is 10-30wt%.
10. A method for manufacturing a honeycomb hollow structure photo-thermal evaporation apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 9, comprising the steps of: 1) Preparing a flower photo-thermal evaporation material on the ball; 2) Dissolving PVA powder in deionized water, heating and stirring at 80-90 ℃ until the PVA powder is completely dissolved to form PVA water solution with the mass concentration of 5-10%, dissolving PAM powder in deionized water, stirring at normal temperature until the PAM water solution with the mass concentration of 0.5-1%, mixing the two water solutions, stirring uniformly, adding the on-ball flower photo-thermal evaporation material, stirring for 30-60min until the mixture is uniformly dispersed, adding glutaraldehyde crosslinking agent with the addition amount of 1-5% of the total mass of PVA and PAM, simultaneously dropwise adding hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value of the system to 3.0-4.0, and continuing stirring for 5-10min to form stable mixed slurry, wherein the mass ratio of the on-ball flower photo-thermal evaporation material to PVA to PAM is (0.25-0.5): 5 (0.25-1); 3) Respectively and rapidly injecting the mixed slurry into the T-shaped evaporation main body and the mould of the cylindrical cladding piece, after the slurry is solidified, moving the mould to a-25 ℃ refrigerator for freezing for 12-24 hours, then moving the mould to a-40-50 ℃ freeze dryer for freeze drying for 36-48 hours, and demoulding to obtain each evaporation component; 4) And assembling the T-shaped evaporation main body, the cylindrical cladding piece and the base, enabling the end part of the vertical water supply column of the evaporation assembly to penetrate through the cylindrical cladding piece and be inserted into the base tightly, so as to obtain the honeycomb hollow structure photo-thermal evaporation device.

Description

Photo-thermal evaporation material for flowers on balls, preparation method of photo-thermal evaporation material and photo-thermal evaporation device with honeycomb hollow structure Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of photo-thermal conversion and solar sea water desalination, and particularly relates to a flower photo-thermal evaporation material on a ball, a preparation method thereof and a honeycomb hollow structure photo-thermal evaporation device. Background With the increasing serious problem of global fresh water resource shortage, the solar-driven photo-thermal evaporation technology becomes an important way for realizing sea water desalination and brackish water desalination. The existing solar evaporator generally adopts a single-layer light absorption structure, namely, a photo-thermal material is loaded on the surface of a porous substrate, and interface evaporation is realized through local heating. However, such structures generally suffer from the following problems: 1) The photo-thermal layer is only positioned on the evaporation surface, heat is difficult to fully transfer to the inside, the top temperature is too high, the heat is seriously dissipated to the environment, and the energy utilization rate of the system is low; 2) The evaporation surface is single, only the outer surface is evaporated, and the internal cavity or pore cannot effectively participate in heat utilization; 3) In the long-term evaporation process, salt is enriched at an evaporation interface, so that crystallization blockage and evaporation performance attenuation are easy to cause; 4) Traditional photo-thermal materials such as single carbon-based or metal sulfide materials have limited light absorption wave bands and low thermal conductivity, and high-efficiency light absorption and rapid heat distribution are difficult to realize; 5) Most structures are planes or blocks, and a reasonable three-dimensional water supply channel design is lacked, so that the cooperative regulation and control of light absorption, thermal management and salt crystallization prevention cannot be considered. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a photo-thermal evaporation material and device structure that combines broad spectrum light absorption, efficient thermal management, multi-interface evaporation, and salt crystallization prevention capabilities to improve solar energy utilization and long-term operational stability of sea water desalination. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a flower-on-ball photo-thermal evaporation material, a preparation method thereof and a honeycomb hollow structure photo-thermal evaporation device, so as to solve the problems of insufficient light absorption, serious heat loss, salt formation blockage and the like in the existing photo-thermal evaporation system. The technical scheme is suitable for water resource treatment scenes such as sea water desalination, brackish water desalination and the like driven by solar energy. The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the flower photo-thermal evaporation material on the sphere comprises a carbon sphere, wherein a molybdenum disulfide nano flower layer with a high specific surface area is coated on the surface of the carbon sphere, and the specific surface area is more than 20m 2/g. Specifically, the carbon sphere is of a spherical structure. Specifically, the molybdenum disulfide is a nano flower structure with the size of 200-300nm formed by compact molybdenum disulfide nano sheets. Specifically, the specific surface area of the molybdenum disulfide is 20-80 m < 2 >/g. Specifically, the mass ratio of the molybdenum disulfide to the carbon sphere is 1.0-1.5:1.0. Based on the technical scheme, the flower photo-thermal evaporation material on the sphere uses 6-8 mu m carbon sphere as a core, and 200-300 nm three-dimensional flower-shaped molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2) nanosheets grow on the surface of the carbon sphere in situ. The carbon sphere is used as a heat conducting core, the MoS 2 nanoflower provides high specific surface area and broad spectrum absorption characteristics, and the MoS 2 nanoflower form a core-shell integrated photo-thermal composite unit, so that the sunlight absorption and photo-thermal conversion efficiency is remarkably improved. The photo-thermal material and the PVA-PAM composite aerogel form a porous composite network after being mixed, and the photo-thermal material has good heat management performance and capillary water transport capacity. The invention also provides a preparation method of the flower photo-thermal evaporation material on the ball, which comprises the following steps: 1) Preparing spherical carbon spheres: dissolving glucose in deionized water to form an aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.1-0.2mol/L, transferring to a high-pressure reaction kettle at 160-180 ℃ for hydrothermal reaction for 8-12h, reacting at the pressure of 4-8MP