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CN-121974492-A - Biological filter for sewage treatment and application method thereof

CN121974492ACN 121974492 ACN121974492 ACN 121974492ACN-121974492-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment equipment, and particularly discloses a biological filter for sewage treatment and a use method thereof. The filter tank comprises a first filter tank, a second filter tank, a first biological filler layer, a second biological filler layer, an electrochemical filler layer and a third biological filler layer, wherein the first working liquid level line is arranged above the first biological filler layer, the second filter tank is sequentially provided with the second biological filler layer, the electrochemical filler layer and the third biological filler layer from top to bottom, the second working liquid level line is arranged above the electrochemical filler layer, the volume ratio of the second biological filler layer to the electrochemical filler layer to the third biological filler layer is (2-3): 1 (0.5-2), and the liquid supply system comprises a working waterway and a reflux waterway. According to the invention, through the design of the structure of the biological filter, including the optimal combination and volume ratio control of each packing layer, the microenvironment which is favorable for the growth and enrichment of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria and the development of anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction is successfully constructed.

Inventors

  • LI JUN
  • ZHANG XIAOYU
  • FENG HONGBO
  • CHENG XIAOYU
  • Pan Kuan

Assignees

  • 浙江工业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260312

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A biological filter for sewage treatment is characterized by comprising: a first filter (1) filled with a first bio-filler layer (101), wherein a first working liquid level line (L1) is arranged above the first bio-filler layer (101); The second filter (2) is sequentially provided with a second biological filler layer (201), an electrochemical filler layer (202) and a third biological filler layer (203) from top to bottom, wherein a second working liquid level line (L2) is arranged above the electrochemical filler layer (202) and the distance between the second working liquid level line and the top of the electrochemical filler layer (202) is 2-10 cm, and the volume ratio of the second biological filler layer (201), the electrochemical filler layer (202) and the third biological filler layer (203) is (2-3): 1 (0.5-2); The liquid supply system (3) comprises a working waterway (301) and a backflow waterway (302), wherein the working waterway (301) is sequentially communicated with the first biological filler layer (101), the second biological filler layer (201), the electrochemical filler layer (202) and the third biological filler layer (203), one end of the backflow waterway (302) is connected with the first filter tank (1), the other end of the backflow waterway is connected with a backflow outlet in the second filter tank (2), and the backflow outlet is arranged at the top of the electrochemical filler layer (202).
  2. 2. The biological filter for sewage treatment according to claim 1, wherein the electrochemical filler layer (202) comprises an iron-carbon material, and the mass ratio of iron, carbon and catalyst in the iron-carbon material is (6-18): 1:1.
  3. 3. The biological filter for sewage treatment according to claim 2, wherein the elements in the catalyst at least comprise Mn, ni, si, S, and the mass ratio of the elements is 1:1:1 (0.5-1).
  4. 4. The biofilter for sewage treatment according to claim 2, wherein the particle size of the iron-carbon material is 3-10 mm.
  5. 5. A biological filter for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that said working waterway (301) comprises a water distribution device (301-1) for inputting sewage to be treated into said second filter (2).
  6. 6. The biological filter for sewage treatment according to claim 1, wherein the first biological filler layer (101), the second biological filler layer (201) and the third biological filler layer (203) each comprise a biological filler, and the biological filler is at least one selected from volcanic rock, ceramsite, coal cinder and pebble.
  7. 7. The biofilter for sewage treatment according to claim 6, wherein the particle size of said biofilm carrier is 3-5 mm.
  8. 8. The biological filter for sewage treatment according to claim 1, wherein empty layers (4) are uniformly arranged at the bottoms of the first filter (1) and the second filter (2).
  9. 9. A method for using a filter tank for operating a biological filter tank for sewage treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first filter tank (1) in a working waterway (301) is controlled to output the transport flow rate of sewage to be treated into the second filter tank (2) and the reflux flow rate in a reflux waterway (302) are both 2 to 5 times of the inflow flow rate.
  10. 10. The method for using a filter tank according to claim 9, wherein the total hydraulic retention time in the biological filter tank for sewage treatment is 8-16 h.

Description

Biological filter for sewage treatment and application method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment equipment, in particular to a sewage biological treatment device and a use method thereof. Background With the continuous improvement of urban level, the urban domestic sewage discharge amount continuously increases, wherein nitrogen pollution becomes one of important factors affecting the water environment quality and ecological safety. At present, the urban sewage treatment field is mainly the traditional nitrification-denitrification process, and the process generally depends on a large amount of aeration, additional addition of organic carbon sources and other means, so that the urban sewage treatment method has the defects of high operation energy consumption, high cost and the like. In recent years, anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology is considered to be an important development direction for realizing energy conservation and consumption reduction of sewage treatment because of the advantages of no need of additional organic carbon source, low oxygen demand, low sludge yield and the like. In the technology, the elimination of nitrogen pollution in sewage is realized mainly by anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria. However, the method is limited by objective conditions such as low ammonia nitrogen concentration in urban domestic sewage, large fluctuation of inflow water quality, difficult thorough removal of dissolved oxygen in a system and the like, and the phenomena of slow growth rate of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, weak environmental adaptability and the like exist in the actual sewage treatment process, so that the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria are difficult to realize rapid enrichment and stable existence for a long time in the actual urban sewage treatment, and the popularization and the application of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology in a mainstream sewage treatment system are severely restricted. Therefore, a sewage treatment system or device is needed to realize enrichment and long-term stable existence of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria in the sewage treatment process, so that the anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology has application prospect of being put into practical sewage treatment. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims at providing a biological filter for sewage treatment, which can realize enrichment of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria and the like, and further realize treatment of nitrogen pollution in sewage by means of an anaerobic ammonia oxidizing technology; the second purpose of the invention is to provide a use method of the biological filter for guaranteeing the enrichment of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: A biological filter for sewage treatment comprises a first filter, a second filter, a liquid supply system and a backflow waterway, wherein the first filter is filled with a first biological filler layer, a first working liquid level line is arranged above the first biological filler layer, the second filter is sequentially provided with a second biological filler layer, an electrochemical filler layer and a third biological filler layer from top to bottom, the second working liquid level line is arranged above the electrochemical filler layer, the distance between the second working liquid level line and the top of the electrochemical filler layer is 2-10 cm, the volume ratio of the second biological filler layer, the electrochemical filler layer and the third biological filler layer is (2-3) 1 (0.5-2), the liquid supply system comprises a working waterway and a backflow waterway, the working waterway is sequentially communicated with the first biological filler layer, the second biological filler layer, the electrochemical filler layer and the third biological filler layer, one end of the backflow waterway is connected with the first filter, the other end of the backflow waterway is connected with a backflow outlet in the second filter, and the backflow outlet is arranged at the top of the electrochemical filler layer. In the invention, the first working liquid level line and the first biological filler layer are arranged in the first filter tank to form a pre-anaerobic zone, so that the load of a subsequent treatment unit can be effectively relieved, and basic conditions are provided for the stable operation of the multistage biological filter tank. The method comprises the steps of firstly ensuring that sewage flowing through a second biological filler layer can be fully contacted with air to obtain sufficient dissolved oxygen, namely an aerobic zone for sewage treatment is formed in the second biological filler layer, wherein microorganisms enriched in the second biological filler layer can convert most ammonia nitrogen in the sewage into nitrate under the aerobic condition, thereby achieving the purpose of remo