CN-121974653-A - Composite matrix for slope ecological restoration and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite matrix for ecological restoration of a side slope, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering and ecological restoration. The composite matrix for slope ecological restoration comprises, by mass, 20-40 parts of crushed coal gangue in a mining area, 15-30 parts of fly ash, 20-35 parts of soil, 8-15 parts of organic fertilizer, 0.3-1.0 part of water-retaining agent and 1.5-4 parts of binder. The invention uses mining area gangue, fly ash and soil as main skeletons, and builds a high-performance slope ecological restoration material by compounding organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent and organic-inorganic hybrid gel binder. The method has the core advantages of realizing the high-valued resource utilization of industrial solid wastes, remarkably reducing the cost of matrix raw materials and the dependence on high-quality cultivated soil, and having both environmental and economic benefits.

Inventors

• JIANG ZHONGLI
• CHEN HONGYU
• HU JIAJUN
• DONG XIANZHONG
• LI ZHI
• Cao Yinnan
• NIU YUTING
• LIU ZHIBAI
• WANG QINGGANG
• WU CHUNZHI
• TAO PENGFEI

Assignees

• 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司
• 安徽理工大学
• 平安煤炭开采工程技术研究院有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20260205

Claims (8)

1. 1. The composite matrix for slope ecological restoration is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of crushed coal gangue in mining areas, 15-30 parts of fly ash, 20-35 parts of soil, 8-15 parts of organic fertilizer, 0.3-1.0 part of water-retaining agent and 1.5-4 parts of binder.
2. 2. The composite matrix for slope ecological restoration according to claim 1, wherein the composite matrix further comprises the following raw materials, by mass, 0.1-0.5 parts of a plant seed mixture and/or 2-5 parts of a fiber material.
3. 3. The composite matrix for slope ecological restoration according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the crushed coal gangue in the mining area is 0.5-10mm, and the water-retaining agent is cross-linked polyacrylate potassium salt type super absorbent resin.
4. 4. The composite matrix for slope ecological restoration according to claim 1, wherein the binder is an organic-inorganic hybrid gel material formed by covalent condensation reaction of potassium alginate and ammonium ion stabilized silica sol.
5. 5. The composite matrix for slope ecological restoration according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the binder comprises the following steps of mixing potassium alginate and ammonium ion stable silica sol in water, and reacting for 2-6 hours at 40-60 ℃ to obtain the binder.
6. 6. A method for preparing the composite matrix for slope ecological restoration according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps: And mixing the raw materials to obtain the composite matrix.
7. 7. Use of a composite matrix for slope ecological restoration according to any one of claims 1-5 in the field of slope ecological restoration.
8. 8. The method for ecologically restoring the side slope is characterized by comprising the following steps of: applying the composite matrix for slope ecological restoration according to any one of claims 1-5 to the surface of a slope to be restored by spray seeding or paving, and curing.

Description

Composite matrix for slope ecological restoration and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering and ecological restoration, in particular to a composite matrix for slope ecological restoration and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Engineering construction activities lead to exposure of a large number of slopes, and can build pressure on the ecological environment. Although the traditional hard protection technology (such as shotcrete support) can improve the structural stability, ecological restoration is difficult to realize at the expense of ecological functions. Currently, ecological slope protection technologies represented by soil-alien spray seeding, ecological bags and the like become a main stream means for slope re-greening, and in order to improve vegetation recovery effect and long-term stability of the slope, improvement of a formula of a matrix material is needed. The ideal slope restoration matrix needs to meet various performance requirements of 1) having good soil structure and stability to effectively resist rain wash and slope erosion, 2) providing proper and durable nutrient supply and holding capacity to ensure long-term growth requirements of plants, 3) having excellent water retention and drought resistance to drought stress, 4) having proper volume weight and pore structure to ensure good air and water permeability, and 5) having cost benefits and environmental friendliness. The existing widely adopted matrix depends on natural resources such as cultivated soil, peat and the like, so that precious high-quality soil is consumed, the performance of the matrix is single, and the problems of matrix loss, nutrient exhaustion, vegetation degradation and the like are frequently caused when the matrix is used for a side slope under steep, barren or severe standing conditions, and the effect is poor. Meanwhile, a large amount of solid wastes such as coal gangue and fly ash generated in mining areas are regarded as potential matrix framework materials because of the characteristics of light texture, certain grading, rich minerals and the like, and the recycling utilization of the solid wastes meets the requirement of green development. However, when these industrial solid wastes are used alone, inherent defects such as poor nutrient, poor water retention, lack of cohesiveness and the like generally exist, and the direct application effect of the industrial solid wastes is limited. Therefore, how to overcome the short plates of the materials through scientific material compounding or functional modification becomes a key technical challenge. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a composite matrix for ecological restoration of a side slope, and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background art. The invention uses mining area gangue, fly ash and soil as main skeletons, and builds a high-performance slope ecological restoration material by compounding organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent and special organic-inorganic hybrid gel binder. The method has the core advantages of realizing the high-valued resource utilization of industrial solid wastes, remarkably reducing the cost of matrix raw materials and the dependence on high-quality cultivated soil, and having both environmental and economic benefits. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The invention provides a composite matrix for ecological restoration of a side slope, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-40 parts of crushed coal gangue in mining areas, 15-30 parts of fly ash, 20-35 parts of soil, 8-15 parts of organic fertilizer, 0.3-1.0 part of water-retaining agent and 1.5-4 parts of binder. Preferably, the fly ash is undisturbed ash or humidity-regulating ash, and the soil is loose soil body passing through a 10mm sieve. Preferably, the composite matrix also comprises the following raw materials, by mass, 0.1-0.5 parts of a plant seed mixture and/or 2-5 parts of a fiber material. Preferably, the fibrous material is of the type straw, wood or pulp fibers for reinforcing the matrix network structure. The type of plant seed mixture may be selected according to the region and climate. Preferably, the crushed coal gangue in the mining area is continuous graded particles with the particle size of 0.5-10mm, and the water-retaining agent is crosslinked polyacrylate potassium salt type super absorbent resin. Preferably, the binder is an organic-inorganic hybrid gel material formed by covalent condensation reaction of potassium alginate and ammonium ion-stabilized silica sol. Preferably, the preparation method of the adhesive comprises the following steps of mixing potassium alginate and ammonium ion stable silica sol in water, and reacting for 2-6 hours at 40-60 ℃ to obtain the