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CN-121974663-A - Co-component nano eutectic-amorphous layered composite ceramic and preparation method thereof

CN121974663ACN 121974663 ACN121974663 ACN 121974663ACN-121974663-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a homoconstituent nano eutectic-amorphous lamellar composite ceramic and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of composite ceramics. The composite ceramic is formed by alternately stacking a hard nano eutectic layer and a soft nano amorphous layer. The soft and hard layer alternately stacked layered structure prepared by the method absorbs crack growth energy through plastic deformation of the amorphous layer, induces crack deflection through soft and hard interfaces, and cooperates with the high hardness of the nano eutectic layer to prevent crack initiation, so that the crack initiation and growth resistance of the oxide eutectic ceramic during solidification forming can be effectively improved.

Inventors

  • LIU HAIFANG
  • ZHANG BOWEN
  • WANG YUQING
  • QIAN HAO
  • LIU CHANG
  • FENG JING

Assignees

  • 昆明理工大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260202

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The co-component nano eutectic-amorphous layered composite ceramic is characterized in that the composite ceramic is formed by alternately stacking hard nano eutectic layers and soft nano amorphous layers.
  2. 2. The homogeneous nano-eutectic-amorphous layered composite ceramic according to claim 1, wherein the micro-texture eutectic spacing of the nano-eutectic layer is <150nm.
  3. 3. A method for preparing the same-component nano eutectic-amorphous layered composite ceramic according to any one of claims 1 or 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, preparing raw materials, namely drying high-fluidity eutectic component oxide composite ceramic spherical powder prepared by adopting a centrifugal spray drying method or a plasma spheroidization method, and collecting the powder as raw material powder for later use; S2, ultra-fast laser cladding additive forming, namely preparing nano eutectic-amorphous lamellar composite ceramic by utilizing a laser powder bed melting technology, wherein the specific preparation process comprises the following steps of: S21, establishing a cylindrical model by utilizing Magics software, slicing, and then deriving a CLI file so as to facilitate the identification model of the laser additive manufacturing equipment; s22, opening ARPSM software to set a laser scanning path, laser power and laser scanning speed; S23, sequentially opening a total power supply of laser additive manufacturing equipment, a laser water cooling device, a fan, putting a commercially available hot-pressed sintering Al 2 O 3 plate serving as a base material on a forming bin workbench, putting the raw material powder obtained in the step S1 into a powder bin, closing a forming box body, vacuumizing, and introducing high-purity argon serving as protective gas; S24, uniformly paving a layer of raw material powder on the Al 2 O 3 substrate by utilizing a scraper, starting a fiber laser, scanning the raw material powder by a high-energy laser beam to enable the raw material powder to be melted to form a molten pool and quickly solidifying the molten pool to form an amorphous deposition layer; S25, continuously and uniformly paving raw material powder with the same thickness as the upper layer on the amorphous deposition layer, and remelting the upper surface part of the amorphous deposition layer positioned on the lower layer while scanning and melting the raw material powder by using a high-energy laser beam so as to realize metallurgical bonding between two adjacent layers to form a eutectic layer; S26, rapidly solidifying the molten pool on the upper layer obtained in the step S25 to form an amorphous deposition layer, and circularly reciprocating according to the step S25 to obtain the same-component layered composite ceramic with alternately overlapped nano eutectic and amorphous; And S3, after the forming is finished, closing the laser according to the modeling model, closing the high-purity argon gas cylinder, opening the forming box body when the air pressure in the cabin is balanced with the ambient air pressure, taking out the Al 2 O 3 base material and the whole of the obtained layered composite ceramic, and separating the layered composite ceramic from the base material by utilizing a diamond wire cutting machine.
  4. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the high-fluidity eutectic oxide composite ceramic spherical powder prepared in step S1 has a particle size of 15-53. Mu.m.
  5. 5. The method for preparing a homogeneous nano eutectic-amorphous layered composite ceramic according to claim 3, wherein in the step S1, the temperature of drying the eutectic component oxide composite ceramic spherical powder is 100-150 ℃ and the drying time is 5-10 hours.
  6. 6. The method for preparing the co-component nano eutectic-amorphous layered composite ceramic according to claim 3, wherein in the step S1, the components of the eutectic component oxide composite ceramic spherical powder comprise Al 2 O 3 、RE 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 , and the eutectic component oxide composite ceramic spherical powder can be specifically combined and uniformly mixed in any one of the following ways: (1) Comprises Al 2 O 3 and RE 2 O 3 , and the mole percentages of Al 2 O 3 and RE 2 O 3 are 82 percent and 18 percent; (2) Comprises Al 2 O 3 and RE 2 O 3 , and the mole percentage of Al 2 O 3 and RE 2 O 3 is 77 percent and 23 percent; (3) Comprises 65%, 16% and 19% of Al 2 O 3 、RE 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 , and the mole percentages of Al 2 O 3 、RE 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 ; (4) Including Al 2 O 3 、RE 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 , and 58%, 19% and 23% mole percent of Al 2 O 3 、RE 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 .
  7. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein RE 2 O 3 is a rare earth oxide, and RE is a rare earth element including Sc, Y and lanthanoid.
  8. 8. The method of claim 3, wherein in step S21, the CLI file is generated and derived after slicing according to a layer thickness of 50-200 μm.
  9. 9. The method of preparing a homogeneous nano-eutectic-amorphous layered composite ceramic according to claim 3, wherein the laser power is set to be 50-200W and the scanning speed is set to be 300-1000mm/S in the step S22.
  10. 10. The method of preparing a homogeneous nano-eutectic amorphous layered composite ceramic according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of the raw material powder uniformly laid on the Al 2 O 3 substrate in the step S24 and the step S25 is 50-200 μm.

Description

Co-component nano eutectic-amorphous layered composite ceramic and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of composite ceramics, in particular to a homocomponent nano eutectic-amorphous layered composite ceramic and a preparation method thereof. Background Oxide eutectic ceramics are in-situ self-generated complex phase ceramics formed by eutectic reaction of two or more oxides, and have clean grain boundaries and firm phase interface combination. The method is mainly applied to the fields of aeroengine blades, high-temperature cutting tools, catalyst carriers and the like. The oxide eutectic ceramic prepared based on the solidification method has excellent characteristics of high specific strength, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and the like, and has important application prospects in the high and new technical fields of aerospace and the like. However, the ceramic material has high hardness and brittleness, so that the ceramic material is extremely easy to crack in the process of quickly solidifying and forming, and the application prospect of the ceramic material is severely restricted. The layered structure with alternately arranged hard phase and soft phase is an effective measure for improving the fracture toughness of ceramic materials and inhibiting crack initiation and propagation. The soft and hard alternate layered ceramic materials designed at present are prepared by adopting a sintering method, and most of soft and hard phases are heterogeneous materials with different components, so that the soft and hard alternate layered ceramic materials are difficult to be applied to the preparation of the oxide eutectic ceramic for aerospace, which is formed based on a solidification method and has extremely strict requirements on the components of the materials. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for preparing the same-component oxide eutectic layered composite ceramic formed based on a solidification method, which provides a new technical approach for controlling crack defects in the solidification forming process of the oxide eutectic ceramic by forming a same-component layered composite structure with alternately stacked nano eutectic hard layers and amorphous soft layers. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve or partially solve the problems in the related art, the invention provides a same-component nano eutectic-amorphous layered composite ceramic and a preparation method thereof, the same-component oxide eutectic layered composite ceramic with alternately overlapped nano eutectic layers and amorphous layers is prepared by an ultra-fast laser cladding additive manufacturing technology, the prepared nano eutectic layer is a hard layer with high hardness, the amorphous layer is a soft layer with low hardness, and the initiation and the expansion of cracks are inhibited through alternate combination of the soft layer and the hard layer. In order to achieve the aim, the technical scheme of the invention is to provide the co-component nano eutectic-amorphous layered composite ceramic, which is characterized by comprising hard nano eutectic layers and soft nano amorphous layers which are alternately stacked. Preferably, the micro-structure eutectic spacing of the nano-eutectic layer is <150nm. The invention also provides a preparation method of the same-component nano eutectic-amorphous lamellar composite ceramic, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, preparing raw materials, namely drying high-fluidity eutectic component oxide composite ceramic spherical powder prepared by adopting a centrifugal spray drying method or a plasma spheroidization method, and collecting the powder as raw material powder for later use; S2, ultra-fast laser cladding additive forming, namely preparing nano eutectic-amorphous lamellar composite ceramic by utilizing a laser powder bed melting technology, wherein the specific preparation process comprises the following steps of: S21, establishing a cylindrical model by utilizing Magics software, slicing, and then deriving a CLI file so as to facilitate the identification model of the laser additive manufacturing equipment; s22, opening ARPSM software to set a laser scanning path, laser power and laser scanning speed; S23, sequentially opening a total power supply of laser additive manufacturing equipment, a laser water cooling device, a fan, putting a commercially available hot-pressed sintering Al 2O3 plate serving as a base material on a forming bin workbench, putting the raw material powder obtained in the step S1 into a powder bin, closing a forming box body, vacuumizing, and introducing high-purity argon serving as protective gas; S24, uniformly paving a layer of raw material powder on the Al 2O3 substrate by utilizing a scraper, starting a fiber laser, scanning the raw material powder by a high-energy laser beam to enable the raw material powder to be melted to form a molte