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CN-121974763-A - Preparation method of microalgae biomembrane micro-protein organic water-soluble fertilizer

CN121974763ACN 121974763 ACN121974763 ACN 121974763ACN-121974763-A

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a microalgae biomembrane and microgrotein organic water-soluble fertilizer, which comprises the steps of microalgae biomass pretreatment, deep conversion and enzymolysis, microbial biomembrane treatment, feed liquid concentration and blending and byproduct treatment. The microalgae biomass is treated by acid-base wall breaking dissolution, advanced oxidation and proteolysis, and is treated by combining calcium peroxide heating wall breaking, ferment (MBE-3 ‌) enzymolysis and plate-frame filter pressing to obtain a micro-protein feed liquid, concentrating and preparing the micro-protein feed liquid into an organic water-soluble fertilizer, and drying a byproduct to serve as a soil conditioner. The invention realizes the high-efficiency conversion and full-value utilization of microalgae and microbial biofilm resources, improves the protein extraction rate and the fertilizer efficiency of products, and has strong process integration and remarkable ecological and economic benefits.

Inventors

  • XIAO NAIDONG
  • SHEN CHENG
  • ZHOU YUN
  • CAI PENG
  • LI CHUN

Assignees

  • 中农绿谷(湖北)农业有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260210

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The preparation method of the microalgae biomembrane micro-protein organic water-soluble fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Step one, preprocessing microalgae biomass, which is to take the microalgae biomass to perform acid-base wall breaking dissolution to obtain acid-base extracting solution, and perform neutralization treatment on the acid-base extracting solution to obtain neutralized feed liquid; deep conversion and enzymolysis, namely carrying out advanced oxidation deep conversion on the neutralized feed liquid, and then adding protease to carry out enzymolysis reaction to obtain microalgae microglobulin feed liquid; Step three, microbial biomembrane treatment, namely taking the microbial biomembrane, adding calcium peroxide for heating and wall breaking extraction, then carrying out flash evaporation cooling, adding special ferment enzyme (MBE-3 ‌) for bacterial biomembrane for enzymolysis, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation through plate-frame filter pressing to obtain a liquid-phase micro-protein filtrate and a solid-phase filter cake; Step four, concentrating and blending the feed liquid, namely mixing the microalgae microglobulin feed liquid with the microglobulin filtrate, and concentrating to obtain a microglobulin concentrate; And fifthly, treating byproducts, namely drying the filter cake of the solid phase to obtain a dried membrane cake, wherein the dried membrane cake is used as a solid soil conditioner.
  2. 2. The preparation method of the microalgae biological membrane micro-protein organic water-soluble fertilizer is characterized by comprising the steps of firstly adopting nitric acid or potassium hydroxide for acid-base wall breaking dissolution, wherein the concentration of the solution after adding is 0.5-2 mol/L, the treatment temperature is 40-80 ℃, the temperature in a heating chamber in an experiment is 1-3 h, the neutralization treatment is to obtain an acid extract by adopting nitric acid firstly, then adopting potassium hydroxide solid to adjust the acid extract to obtain a neutralized feed liquid, and the pH value of the acid-base extract is 6.5-7.5.
  3. 3. The method for preparing the microalgae biofilm microprotein organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the advanced oxidation depth conversion adopts a Fenton oxidation method, the molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide to ferrous ions in Fenton reagent is 1:0.5-1:2, and the reaction time is 0.5-2 h.
  4. 4. The preparation method of the microalgae biofilm micro-protein organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the protease is neutral protease, the addition amount is 0.1-0.5% of the mass of the neutralized feed liquid, the enzymolysis reaction temperature is 45-60 ℃, the pH is adjusted to 6.5-8.5, and the reaction time is 2-4 h.
  5. 5. The preparation method of the microalgae biofilm microprotein organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the calcium peroxide can oxidize and remove antibiotics and resistance genes in raw materials, the addition amount of the calcium peroxide is 1-5% of the mass of the microbial biofilm, the temperature for heating wall breaking extraction is 80-120 ℃, and the extraction time is 0.5-1 h.
  6. 6. The method for preparing a microalgae biofilm microprotein organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the flash evaporation cooling temperature is 40-60 ℃ and the vacuum degree is-0.05-0.09 MPa.
  7. 7. The preparation method of the microalgae biofilm microprotein organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the addition amount of the bacterial biofilm special ferment enzyme (MBE-3 ‌) is 0.2-0.6% of the mass of the feed liquid after flash evaporation and cooling, the pH is adjusted to 5.5-7.5, the enzymolysis temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 1-3 h.
  8. 8. The preparation method of the microalgae biomembrane and microgrotein organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the operating pressure of plate-and-frame filter pressing is 0.2MPa to 0.6MPa, and the filter pressing time is 0.5h to 2h.
  9. 9. The preparation method of the microalgae biological membrane micro-protein organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, a vacuum concentration method is adopted for concentration, the concentration temperature is 50-70 ℃, the vacuum degree is-0.06-0.09 MPa, the density of the micro-protein concentrate after concentration is 1.2-1.3g/mL, and the preparation process is to supplement microelements, amino acids or functional microorganisms into the micro-protein concentrate according to nutrient requirements or product positioning of different crops, so as to prepare the organic water-soluble fertilizer with specific functions.
  10. 10. The preparation method of the microalgae biomembrane and microgrotein organic water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, a hot air drying method is adopted for the drying treatment, the drying temperature is 60-90 ℃, the drying time is 2-5 h, and the moisture content of the dried membrane cake after drying is lower than 10%.

Description

Preparation method of microalgae biomembrane micro-protein organic water-soluble fertilizer Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, in particular to a preparation method of a microalgae biomembrane micro-protein organic water-soluble fertilizer. Background Along with the improvement of the green development demand of agriculture, the organic water-soluble fertilizer has the functions of nutrient supply, soil improvement and crop growth promotion, and becomes a research hot spot in the fertilizer field. Microalgae biomass and water treatment microbial biofilms are two types of biomass resources rich in protein and sugar, have the potential of preparing high-activity organic water-soluble fertilizers, but the prior art has the following key defects: First, the prior art mostly uses microalgae biomass or microbial biofilm alone to prepare fertilizer, and does not fully combine the raw material advantages of the microalgae biomass or microbial biofilm. The microalgae biomass is rich in characteristic proteins such as phycocyanin and chlorophyll protein, has complete amino acid composition and high essential amino acid ratio, but protein macromolecules are difficult to be directly absorbed by crops during independent extraction, are not converted into polypeptides and small peptides with plant growth promoting functions, and meanwhile saccharides in the microalgae are not effectively converted into active substances such as polysaccharide, oligosaccharide and the like. The water treatment microbial biomembrane mainly comprises functional enzyme protein and extracellular polymer protein, but the protein composition is complex, the content of active substances is low when the water treatment microbial biomembrane is singly used, and the problems that protein macromolecules are not fully hydrolyzed and saccharides are not efficiently converted are also existed. Second, the prior art does not pay attention to the composition difference between microalgae proteins and microbial biofilm proteins, and can not improve the fertilizer efficiency through complementary polypeptide, small peptide and amino acid spectrums. The microalgae protein is mainly mixed with animal and plant high-quality proteins, such as phycocyanin of spirulina, albumin of chlorella, etc., and can provide unique functional polypeptide after decomposition, while the microbial biomembrane protein is mainly functional enzyme protein and extracellular protein, and can provide specific amino acid participating in nutrient metabolism after decomposition. The prior art does not mix and utilize the two, so that the polypeptide and amino acid spectrum of the fertilizer is single, and the multi-element nutrient requirements of crops cannot be fully met. Thirdly, the process integration in the prior art is insufficient, the conversion of protein to polypeptide, small peptide and amino acid is not synchronously realized, the conversion of sugar to polysaccharide and oligosaccharide is not realized, and the resource utilization of byproducts is not realized, so that the raw material utilization rate is low, the product cost is high, and the large-scale popularization is difficult. Therefore, a preparation method of the micro-protein organic water-soluble fertilizer which integrates double raw materials of microalgae biomass and a microbial biomembrane, synchronously realizes the conversion of protein and sugar and utilizes the difference of the raw materials to complement nutrients is developed, and the preparation method has important economic and ecological values. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a preparation method of a microalgae biological membrane micro-protein organic water-soluble fertilizer, which aims to solve the problems of insufficient protein conversion, single nutrient spectrum, inefficient saccharide utilization and the like existing in the prior art when microalgae or a microbial biological membrane is singly utilized, and prepares the high-activity organic water-soluble fertilizer rich in polypeptide, small peptide, amino acid, polysaccharide and oligosaccharide through the cooperative treatment and synchronous conversion of double raw materials, and realizes the resource utilization of byproducts. The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a microalgae biomembrane microgrotein organic water-soluble fertilizer, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology. According to one aspect of the application, a preparation method of the microalgae biomembrane micro-protein organic water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following steps: Step one, preprocessing microalgae biomass, which is to take the microalgae biomass to perform acid-base wall breaking dissolution to obtain acid-base extracting solution, and perform neutralization treatment on the acid-base extracting solution to obtain neutralized feed liquid; deep conversion and enzymolysis, namely carrying ou