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CN-121974764-A - Soil improvement and fertility improvement method for salinized damp soil

CN121974764ACN 121974764 ACN121974764 ACN 121974764ACN-121974764-A

Abstract

The invention provides a soil improvement and fertility improvement method for salinized moist soil, and belongs to the technical field of soil fertilizers and fertility improvement methods. And applying multi-source carbon including first agricultural waste, decomposed manure and modified carbon materials to the salinized soil before sowing, and applying microalgae compound (45% -55% of chlorella, 20% -30% of anabaena and 20% -30% of small Shan Qizao) during the growth period of crops to finish the improvement of the salinized soil. The invention provides a biophysical comprehensive improvement method for combining soil 'fertilizer' (improving organic carbon accumulation) and 'obstacle elimination' (improving limiting factors such as salinity/sodium, structural hardening and permeability) and realizes long-term stable improvement of soil quality and agricultural productivity by promoting efficient colonization and continuous activity of microalgae, so that carbon fixation fertilizer application and salt reduction obstacle elimination effects are cooperatively exerted.

Inventors

  • TIAN JING
  • ZHOU RANRAN
  • MA YUCUI
  • LING JUN
  • SHANG WENHUI

Assignees

  • 中国农业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260304

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A fertilizer composition comprising a multi-source carbon and microalgae complex; the multi-source carbon comprises first agricultural waste, decomposed feces and a modified carbon material; According to the carbon amount, the mass ratio of the first agricultural waste to the decomposed feces to the modified carbon material is 1-3:1.5-2.5:1.5-2.5; the raw materials of the modified carbon material comprise second agricultural waste, gypsum and attapulgite tailings in a mass ratio of 6-8:1-2:1-3; the microalgae compound comprises 45-55% of chlorella, 20-30% of anabaena and 20-30% of small bifidobacterium by mass percent.
  2. 2. The fertilizer composition of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the first agricultural waste, the decomposed manure, and the modified carbon material is 2-3:1.5-2:1.5-2.
  3. 3. The fertilizer composition of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the second agricultural waste, gypsum, and attapulgite tailings is 8:1:1, 7:1:2, 6:1:3, or 3:1:1.
  4. 4. The fertilizer composition of claim 1 or 3, wherein the preparation method of the modified carbon material comprises heating the refined raw material to 430-470 ℃ at a speed of 8-12 ℃ per min under the inert atmosphere condition, and carbonizing for 1.5-2.5 h.
  5. 5. The fertilizer composition of claim 1, wherein the microalgae complex comprises, by mass, 48% -52% of chlorella, 23% -28% of anabaena and 23% -28% of bifidobacterium.
  6. 6. The soil improvement and fertility improvement method for salinized damp soil is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Applying the multi-source carbon in the fertilizer composition of any one of claims 1-5 to crops before sowing the crops in salinized moist soil fields, and ploughing and preparing the soil; the microalgae complex in the fertilizer composition of any one of claims 1-5 is applied to a field during crop growth.
  7. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the multi-source carbon is applied in an amount of 5.5 to 6.5 t/ha based on the amount of carbon.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the microalgae compound is applied in root irrigation mode, and the application amount of the working solution of the microalgae compound is 4500-6000L/ha; The density of algae in the working solution of the microalgae compound is 3 multiplied by 10 6 ~ 5×10 6 cells/mL.
  9. 9. The method of claim 6, further comprising applying a base fertilizer and applying fertilizer in a growing period, wherein the base fertilizer is applied at a nitrogen fertilizer application amount of 60-90 kg/ha, and the nitrogen fertilizer is applied in a growing period at a nitrogen fertilizer application amount of 120-125 kg/ha.
  10. 10. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein irrigation is performed during the growth of the crop; the irrigation amount is 60% -70% of the field water holding capacity.

Description

Soil improvement and fertility improvement method for salinized damp soil Technical Field The application belongs to the technical field of soil fertilizers and fertilizer cultivation methods, and particularly relates to a soil improvement fertilizer cultivation method aiming at salinized moist soil. Background The salinized tidal soil is affected by salinization, the problems of low organic matters in the soil and poor stability of aggregates are commonly existed, and the salinized tidal soil is an important environmental constraint factor for agricultural production of Huang-Huai-Hai plain. Although the application of large amounts of fertilizer promotes crop yield enhancement, the long-term single fertilizer application can cause soil quality problems, such as soil salinization exacerbation and acidification. In order to improve soil and reduce the salt alkalinity of soil, some physical and chemical improvement methods are widely used. For example, the physical method comprises ditching and draining in the field, salt draining by a hidden pipe, irrigation leaching, deep ploughing and ridging, and the like, can inhibit evaporation, reduce the risk of surface salt and return salt, but often has strong dependence on water resources and drainage conditions, has high cost, and is easy to cause problems of soil return salt and secondary salinization after treatment, the chemical method mainly comprises the steps of utilizing substances such as gypsum, furfural residue, and the like, reducing salt barriers on the soil surface through ion exchange between Ca 2+ and Na + on the soil surface, and the chemical restoration method can inhibit the biological activity of the soil, such as microbial respiration and enzyme activity. The microalgae is used as a bioremediation factor, CO 2 can be fixed into algae organic carbon through photosynthesis, available carbon sources and extracellular polymers are input into soil, the formation of agglomerates and the increase of organic matters are promoted, meanwhile, the microalgae form a biological film at the rhizosphere, the soil pore structure and infiltration conditions are improved, the surface layer salt aggregation driven by evaporation and salt returning is weakened, and the microalgae have certain adsorption and fixation effects on salt ions such as Na + and the like, so that the effect of relieving salinization is realized. The microalgae can grow fast, can be cultivated on a large scale, has wide prospect as a biological measure for salinization restoration, but has various types of microalgae, has restoration difference, and can be independently and directly applied in salinized tidal soil to solve the problems of low restoration efficiency and large fluctuation. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a fertilizer composition for salinized soil, which not only improves the fertility (fertilizer) of salinized soil, but also eliminates barriers by improving limiting factors such as salinity/sodium, structural hardening and permeability and the like so as to realize soil quality improvement and long-term stability of agricultural production. The invention provides a fertilizer composition, which comprises multi-source carbon and microalgae compound; the multi-source carbon comprises first agricultural waste, decomposed feces and a modified carbon material; According to the carbon amount, the mass ratio of the first agricultural waste to the decomposed feces to the modified carbon material is 1-3:1.5-2.5:1.5-2.5; the raw materials of the modified carbon material comprise second agricultural waste, gypsum and attapulgite tailings in a mass ratio of 6-8:1-2:1-3; the microalgae compound comprises 45-55% of chlorella, 20-30% of anabaena and 20-30% of small bifidobacterium by mass percent. Preferably, the mass ratio of the first agricultural waste to the decomposed manure to the modified carbon material is 2-3:1.5-2:1.5-2. Preferably, the mass ratio of the second agricultural waste, gypsum and attapulgite tailings is 8:1:1, 7:1:2, 6:1:3 or 3:1:1. Preferably, in the preparation method of the modified carbon material, the refined raw material is heated to 430-470 ℃ at the speed of 8-12 ℃ per minute under the inert atmosphere condition, and carbonized for 1.5-2.5 hours. Preferably, the microalgae compound comprises 48-52% of chlorella, 23-28% of anabaena and 23-28% of bifidobacterium by mass percent. The invention provides a soil fertility method for salinized damp soil, which comprises the following steps: Applying the multi-source carbon in the composition before the crops are sown in the salinized moist soil field, and ploughing and preparing the soil; The microalgae complex in the fertilizer composition is suitable for use in field during crop growth. Preferably, the application amount of the multi-source carbon is 5.5-6.5 t/ha according to the carbon amount. Preferably, the microalgae compound is applied in root irrigation mode, the application amount of the worki