CN-121974816-A - Preparation and application of quaternary ammonium salt type electrolyte for polymer-based solid-state lithium battery

Abstract

A preparation and application of a quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte for a polymer-based solid-state lithium battery belong to the technical field of lithium ion batteries. The preparation method of the quaternary ammonium salt type electrolyte comprises the steps of weighing 3 parts of halogenated hydrocarbon derivatives, placing the halogenated hydrocarbon derivatives in an eggplant type bottle, adding a proper amount of solvent, fully stirring, weighing 1 part of tertiary amine, adding the tertiary amine into the bottle, magnetically stirring and reacting for 12 hours at 90 ℃, obtaining a solution which is the quaternary ammonium salt type electrolyte intermediate, adding 4 parts of lithium hydroxide into a reaction bottle of the previous step, reacting for 4 hours at 25 ℃, removing the solvent, washing with the solvent, placing in a vacuum oven, and drying to obtain the quaternary ammonium salt type electrolyte. The preparation process is simple, the reaction condition of the synthesis process is mild, the conversion rate is high, the prepared quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte has stable physical and chemical properties, and the polymer-based solid electrolyte membrane prepared from the quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte has high conductivity and ion migration number and stable high-temperature performance.

Inventors

• BAO LIXIA
• XU XIAO
• WANG JILIANG
• LIAO QIUYING

Assignees

• 云南大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20251205

Claims (5)

1. 1. The preparation method of the quaternary ammonium salt type electrolyte for the polymer-based solid-state lithium battery is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation steps of: 1) Weighing 3 parts of halogenated hydrocarbon derivatives, placing the halogenated hydrocarbon derivatives in an eggplant type bottle, adding a solvent, and fully stirring to obtain a solution with the mass concentration of about 10%; 2) 1 part of tertiary amine is weighed and added into a bottle, and the mixture is magnetically stirred and reacts for 12 hours at 90 ℃, and the obtained solution is the quaternary ammonium salt type electrolyte intermediate; 3) Adding 4 parts of lithium hydroxide into the reaction bottle of the previous step, removing the solvent after reacting for 4 hours at 25 ℃, washing with the solvent, and then placing in a vacuum oven for drying to obtain the quaternary ammonium salt type electrolyte.
2. 2. The method for preparing a quaternary ammonium salt type electrolyte for a polymer-based solid state lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein the halogenated hydrocarbon derivative is one or more of bromoethanol, chloroacetic acid, bromoacetic acid, chlorobutyric acid, bromobutyric acid, bromon-octane, bromon-butane, and 6-bromo-1-hexanol.
3. 3. The method for preparing the quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte for the polymer-based solid-state lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is one or more of deionized water, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, dichlorohexane, cyclohexanone, chloroform, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, tetrachloromethane and dimethyl sulfoxide.
4. 4. The method for preparing a quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte for a polymer-based solid state lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein the tertiary amine is one or more of nitrilotriacetic acid, triethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, methyliminodiacetic acid, iminodiacetic acid, and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid.
5. 5. The use of the quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the preparation of polymer-based solid electrolytes.

Description

Preparation and application of quaternary ammonium salt type electrolyte for polymer-based solid-state lithium battery Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and particularly relates to preparation and application of a quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte for a polymer-based solid-state lithium battery. Background A lithium Ion Battery (Lithium-Ion Battery, LIB) is a rechargeable Battery whose principle of operation relies on reversible intercalation/deintercalation of lithium ions (li+) between the positive and negative electrodes. Since the first commercialization of sony corporation in 1991, lithium ion batteries have become the core energy technology for modern portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and large-scale energy storage. At present, a diaphragm electrolyte system is mainly adopted in a lithium ion battery, and micromolecular organic matters are used as solvents in the electrolyte, so that the lithium ion battery has the defects of inflammability and volatility, and the battery is easy to cause accidents such as fire explosion and the like due to thermal runaway under the conditions of puncture, impact and high temperature. Solid Polymer Electrolytes (SPE), which can provide better safety, higher mechanical strength, and excellent chemical and electrochemical stability than liquid electrolytes, are one of the main directions of development of future lithium ion batteries. The quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte has excellent performance in solid-state batteries, flow batteries and super capacitors, and is particularly suitable for high-safety requirement scenes. In the field of electrochemical energy storage, quaternary ammonium salt is an important electrolyte material due to low volatility, high chemical stability, wide electrochemical window and adjustable ionic conductivity, so that a preparation method of quaternary ammonium salt type electrolyte for polymer-based solid-state lithium batteries is necessary to be explored. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides the preparation and application of the quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte for the polymer-based solid lithium battery, the preparation process is simple, the reaction condition of the synthesis process is mild, the conversion rate is higher, the prepared quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte has the characteristics of no leakage and volatilization, stable physical and chemical properties, and has good safety, and the polymer-based solid electrolyte membrane prepared from the quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte has high conductivity and ion migration number, and stable high-temperature performance. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the preparation method of the quaternary ammonium salt type electrolyte for the polymer-based solid-state lithium battery comprises the following specific preparation steps: 1) Weighing 3 parts of halogenated hydrocarbon derivatives, placing in an eggplant type bottle, adding a solvent, and fully stirring; 2) 1 part of tertiary amine is weighed and added into a bottle, and the mixture is magnetically stirred and reacts for 12 hours at 90 ℃, and the obtained solution is the quaternary ammonium salt type electrolyte intermediate; 3) Adding 4 parts of lithium hydroxide into the reaction bottle of the previous step, removing the solvent after reacting for 4 hours at 25 ℃, washing with the solvent, and then placing in a vacuum oven for drying to obtain the quaternary ammonium salt type electrolyte. Preferably, the halogenated hydrocarbon derivative is one or more of bromoethanol, chloroacetic acid, bromoacetic acid, chlorobutyric acid, bromobutyric acid, bromon-octane, bromon-butane and 6-bromo-1-hexanol. Preferably, the solvent is one or more of deionized water, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, dichlorohexane, cyclohexanone, chloroform, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, tetrachloromethane and dimethyl sulfoxide. Preferably, the tertiary amine is one or more of nitrilotriacetic acid, triethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, methyliminodiacetic acid, iminodiacetic acid and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid. The aforementioned quaternary ammonium salt type electrolyte is applied to the preparation of the polymer-based solid electrolyte. Dissolving polymer in proper solvent at proper temperature, adding quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte in certain oxygen-lithium ratio, mixing, molding and drying to obtain solid quaternary ammonium salt lithium electrolyte film. The polymer is one or more of polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, polytetrahydrofuran, polyvinyl alcohol and polyether-ether-ketone. The preparation process is simple, the reaction condition of the synthesis process is mild, the conversion rate is high, the prepared quaternary ammonium salt electrolyte has the characteristics of no leakage an