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CN-121975172-A - Automobile interior composite material with antistatic and sound absorbing functions and preparation method thereof

CN121975172ACN 121975172 ACN121975172 ACN 121975172ACN-121975172-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of polyester degradable plastics, and particularly discloses an automobile interior composite material with antistatic and sound absorbing functions and a preparation method thereof. The composite material comprises a composite material body and a sound absorbing material compounded on the surface of the composite material body, wherein the composite material body comprises, by mass, 50-70 parts of a compound resin matrix of polylactic acid and polybutylene adipate-terephthalate, 20-35 parts of multifunctional reinforcing fibers, 5-10 parts of a structural conductive antistatic agent and 0.05-0.21 part of a microbial degradation trigger. The preparation method comprises the steps of fiber pretreatment and modification, conductive master batch preparation, raw material drying, mixing and molding, sound absorbing material compounding and the like. The invention realizes the cooperation of long-acting antistatic property, high sound absorption, controllable degradation and excellent mechanical property, no migration of antistatic agent, high sound absorption coefficient, controllable degradation, simple process, industrialization feasibility and suitability for automobile interior trim parts.

Inventors

  • Gong Youzhi

Assignees

  • 广州金智达汽车零部件有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260311

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The automobile interior composite material with the antistatic and sound-absorbing functions is characterized by comprising a composite material body and a sound-absorbing material compounded on the surface of the composite material body; The composite material body comprises, by weight, 50-70 parts of a bio-based degradable resin matrix, 20-35 parts of multifunctional reinforcing fibers, 5-10 parts of a structural conductive antistatic agent, 0.05-0.21 part of a microbial degradation trigger and 0.5-1.5 parts of an epoxy multifunctional chain extender; The bio-based degradable resin matrix is polylactic acid and polybutylene adipate-terephthalate with the mass ratio of (70-85) (15-30); the sound absorbing material is a bionic velvet surface layer compounded by an electrostatic flocking process and is composed of degradable polyester microfibers.
  2. 2. The composite material with antistatic and sound absorbing functions according to claim 1, wherein the epoxy-based multifunctional chain extender is at least one of epoxy-functionalized polylactic acid, glycerol triglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether, bisphenol a diglycidyl ether, and epoxy acrylate oligomer.
  3. 3. The automotive interior composite material with antistatic and sound absorbing functions according to claim 1, wherein the multifunctional reinforcing fiber is a compound system of bamboo fiber and flax fiber modified by a silane coupling agent, and the mass ratio of the bamboo fiber to the flax fiber is 1 (1-2).
  4. 4. The composite material with antistatic and sound absorbing functions according to claim 3, wherein the modification conditions comprise using a silane coupling agent KH-550 with a mass of 3% -5% of the total mass of the fiber in an alcohol-water dispersion system, and reacting for 5-6 hours at 85-95 ℃.
  5. 5. The automotive interior composite material with antistatic and sound absorbing functions according to claim 1, wherein the structural conductive antistatic agent is a composite of polyether ester amide and multi-wall carbon nanotubes, the multi-wall carbon nanotubes are uniformly loaded on the surface of the polyether ester amide in advance through ultrasonic dispersion, and the mass ratio of the multi-wall carbon nanotubes is 15% -25%.
  6. 6. The composite material with antistatic and sound absorbing functions according to claim 5, wherein the polybutylene adipate-terephthalate is a continuous phase, the polylactic acid and the multifunctional reinforcing fiber form a disperse phase, the polyether ester amide is distributed at the interface of the continuous phase and the disperse phase, and the carbon nanotubes are selectively enriched in the continuous phase to form a three-dimensional conductive network.
  7. 7. The automotive interior composite material with antistatic and sound absorbing functions according to claim 1, wherein the microbial degradation trigger is triacylglycerol hydrolase subjected to microcapsule coating treatment.
  8. 8. The composite material for automotive interiors having antistatic and sound absorbing functions according to claim 1, wherein the sound absorbing material has a fluff density of 30000 to 60000 roots/cm 2 and a height of 0.5 to 2.0mm.
  9. 9. A method for producing the automotive interior composite material having antistatic and sound absorbing functions as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the steps of: (1) Preparing a multifunctional reinforcing fiber; (2) Preparing a structural conductive antistatic agent; (3) Mixing polylactic acid and polybutylene adipate-terephthalate according to a proportion to obtain mixed resin, and respectively drying the multifunctional reinforced fiber prepared in the step (1), the structural conductive antistatic agent prepared in the step (2) and the mixed resin; (4) Uniformly mixing an epoxy multifunctional chain extender, dried multifunctional reinforced fibers, dried structural conductive antistatic agents and dried mixed resin, then carrying out melt blending, extrusion granulation to obtain composite master batches, carrying out injection molding on the composite master batches, and cooling and shaping to obtain a composite body; (5) Uniformly coating a water-based degradable adhesive on the surface of the composite material body, vertically implanting degradable polyester microfibers on the surface of the water-based degradable adhesive by adopting an electrostatic flocking process, and forming a sound absorption structural layer through solidification and shaping after flocking is completed; (6) Dispersing the microbial degradation trigger in an aqueous medium to prepare spraying liquid, uniformly applying the spraying liquid to the composite material body and the inside of the sound absorption structure layer by adopting a high-pressure airless spraying mode, and then drying to obtain the finished composite material.
  10. 10. The method for producing an automotive interior composite material having antistatic and sound absorbing functions according to claim 9, wherein in the step (5), the aqueous degradable adhesive is an aqueous polyurethane adhesive.

Description

Automobile interior composite material with antistatic and sound absorbing functions and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of polyester degradable plastics, in particular to an automobile interior composite material with antistatic and sound absorbing functions and a preparation method thereof. Background With rapid development of the automobile industry and increasingly strict environmental protection policies, environmental protection and functional requirements of automobile interior materials are continuously improved. At present, the automotive interior composite material has the problems of single function, insufficient environmental protection performance, poor use stability and the like, the traditional interior material has poor anti-static effect and limited sound absorption performance, dust is easily adsorbed by static accumulation and the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment is easily interfered, the medium-high frequency noise in the automobile is difficult to effectively reduce, the driving comfort is influenced, most materials are not degradable or the degradation speed is uncontrollable, white pollution is easily caused after being abandoned, meanwhile, the mechanical property of part of degradable materials is poor, and the long-term use requirement of the automotive interior cannot be met. In the prior art, although the combination of antistatic, sound-absorbing and degradable functions is attempted, the conventional components are adopted for simple superposition, and the antistatic agent is easy to migrate and separate out to cause the attenuation of the antistatic effect, the sound-absorbing structure is unreasonable in design, narrow in sound-absorbing frequency range and poor in sound-absorbing effect, the degradability and the service performance are difficult to balance, the degradation is easy to occur in the service period or slow after the waste, the fiber reinforcement modification effect is limited, the compatibility of each component is poor, and the overall performance of the material is unstable. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an automobile interior composite material with antistatic and sound absorbing functions and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the prior art. In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect, the present invention provides an automotive interior composite material with antistatic and sound absorbing functions, comprising a composite material body and a sound absorbing material compounded on the surface of the composite material body; The composite material body comprises, by weight, 50-70 parts of a bio-based degradable resin matrix, 20-35 parts of multifunctional reinforcing fibers, 5-10 parts of a structural conductive antistatic agent, 0.05-0.21 part of a microbial degradation trigger and 0.5-1.5 parts of an epoxy multifunctional chain extender; The bio-based degradable resin matrix is a compound system of polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene adipate-terephthalate (PBAT), and the mass ratio of the polylactic acid to the polybutylene adipate-terephthalate is (70-85) (15-30); the sound absorbing material is a bionic velvet surface layer compounded by an electrostatic flocking process and is composed of degradable polyester microfibers. PLA provides excellent degradability as a structural carrier of the material, PBAT improves the toughness of the base material, the combination of the two solves the problem that the mechanical property and the degradability of a single base material are difficult to balance, the compatibility of the multifunctional reinforced fiber and the base material is improved through modification, the mechanical property is enhanced, the structural conductive antistatic agent builds a long-acting antistatic system, the microbial degradation trigger realizes controllable degradation, and the sound absorbing material improves the sound absorbing property. The components cooperate to ensure that the material has antistatic, sound absorbing, controllable degradation and excellent mechanical properties, and the proportioning range is optimized, so that the material can meet the performance stability requirement of industrial production. Preferably, the epoxy-based multifunctional chain extender is at least one of epoxy-functionalized polylactic acid, glycerol triglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and epoxy acrylate oligomer. The epoxy multifunctional chain extender reacts with hydroxyl and carboxyl at the tail end of PLA and PBAT molecular chains to realize molecular chain extension, so that on one hand, the compatibility of a PLA and PBAT compound system is obviously improved, two-phase layering is avoided, a stable sea island-network two-phase structure is formed by assistance, on the other hand, the melt strength and mechanical property of a resin matrix can be enhanced, the te