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CN-121975200-A - Elastomer modified fly ash composite material and preparation method thereof

CN121975200ACN 121975200 ACN121975200 ACN 121975200ACN-121975200-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material modification, and discloses an elastomer modified fly ash composite material and a preparation method thereof. The method is characterized in that after the fly ash is subjected to surface modification by tannic acid and glutaraldehyde, mixing with nitrile rubber, nano magnesium hydroxide, zinc borate, microencapsulated red phosphorus, antioxidant, vulcanization assistant and other components according to a specific proportion, and vulcanizing to obtain the final product. The method can obviously improve the surface adhesion between the nitrile rubber and the fly ash, and enhance the combination property between the nitrile rubber and the fly ash by forming a stable cross-linked network and an organic coating layer, thereby effectively improving the dispersibility of the fly ash in the nitrile rubber. Meanwhile, a multicomponent synergistic flame-retardant and antioxidant system is constructed, and the mechanical property, flame retardance and ageing resistance of the composite material are obviously improved. In addition, the invention effectively utilizes the fly ash and gives consideration to environmental protection and economic benefits.

Inventors

  • YANG SHUYAN
  • CHE RONGHUI
  • ZENG MINYU
  • ZHU WEN
  • LIN TUSHENG
  • ZHU JUNHUA
  • LIANG HAOYUN
  • CHEN GUANGYUAN
  • CHEN KEN

Assignees

  • 东莞理工学院
  • 广东龙谊联接技术股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20251230

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The elastomer modified fly ash composite material is characterized by comprising, by weight, 80-100 parts of nitrile rubber, 4-50 parts of fly ash, 0.04-5 parts of tannic acid, 0.004-0.5 part of glutaraldehyde, 0.2-1.5 parts of an antioxidant, 16-40 parts of nanoscale magnesium hydroxide, 4-10 parts of zinc borate, 2-8 parts of microencapsulated red phosphorus, 4-6 parts of a vulcanization active agent, 1-3 parts of an accelerator and 1-2 parts of sulfur.
  2. 2. The elastomer modified fly ash composite material according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is formed by mixing an antioxidant 1010 and an antioxidant DLTP according to a mass ratio of 1 (1.5-2.5).
  3. 3. The elastomer modified fly ash composite material according to claim 1, wherein the microencapsulated red phosphorus is prepared by mixing epoxy resin, melamine formaldehyde resin and red phosphorus according to the mass ratio of 1 (1-2) (4-6), stirring at the rotational speed of 800-1200 r/min for 10-15 min, premixing uniformly, and then carrying out melt blending and extrusion.
  4. 4. The elastomer modified fly ash composite material according to claim 1, wherein the vulcanization activator is stearic acid and zinc oxide, and the addition mass ratio of stearic acid to zinc oxide is 1 (4.5-5).
  5. 5. The elastomer modified fly ash composite material according to claim 1, wherein the accelerator is accelerator DM and accelerator TMTD, and the addition mass ratio of the accelerator DM to the accelerator TMTD is 1 (1.5-2).
  6. 6. A method of preparing the elastomer modified fly ash composite of claim 1, comprising the steps of: (1) Weighing the components according to the parts by weight of claim 1 for later use; (2) Adding deionized water into the fly ash, mechanically stirring and dispersing uniformly at the rotating speed of 300-400 r/min, adding tannic acid, and continuously stirring for 0.5-2 h to obtain suspension A; (3) Transferring the suspension A into a constant-temperature water bath, adding glutaraldehyde, and stirring and blending at a rotating speed of 300-400 r/min for 0.5-5 h to obtain a suspension B; (4) Filtering the suspension B, collecting filter residues, drying in a blast drying oven, and crushing to obtain a surface modified fly ash filler for later use; (5) Adding nanoscale magnesium hydroxide, zinc borate and microencapsulated red phosphorus into a high-speed stirrer together with the surface-modified fly ash filler, and stirring at a rotating speed of 1000-1500 r/min for 10-20 min to obtain a mixed filler for later use; (6) Placing nitrile rubber in a rubber mixing mill for 3-5 times until an elastomer is softened, then adding mixed filler, mixing for 5-8 min until the mixture is uniformly dispersed, then adding a vulcanization activator, an accelerator and an antioxidant, continuing mixing for 3-5 min, finally adding sulfur, mixing for 2-3 min until the materials are uniformly fused, and obtaining a rubber compound; (7) Transferring the rubber compound into a plate vulcanizing machine, performing hot press vulcanization on the rubber compound, and naturally cooling to room temperature after vulcanization is completed to obtain the elastomer modified fly ash composite material.
  7. 7. The method for preparing the elastomer modified fly ash composite material according to claim 6, wherein in the step (2), the mass ratio of the fly ash to the deionized water is 1 (3-10).
  8. 8. The method for preparing an elastomer modified fly ash composite material according to claim 6, wherein in the step (3), the temperature of the constant-temperature water bath is 40-80 ℃.
  9. 9. The method for preparing the elastomer modified fly ash composite material according to claim 6, wherein in the step (4), the temperature of the blast drying oven is 80-100 ℃, and the drying time is 10-12 hours.
  10. 10. The method for preparing the elastomer modified fly ash composite material according to claim 6, wherein in the step (7), the pressure of the hot press vulcanization is 10-15 MPa, and the time is 10-20 min.

Description

Elastomer modified fly ash composite material and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of material modification, in particular to an elastomer modified fly ash composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background The nitrile rubber is an elastomer prepared by emulsion polymerization of butadiene and acrylonitrile, has the advantages of excellent oil resistance, wear resistance, heat resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of automobiles, aerospace, petrochemical industry, spinning, wires and cables and the like. However, the mechanical properties (such as tensile strength, tear strength and the like) of the nitrile rubber are still to be improved in certain application scenes, particularly under the conditions of high load, low speed and boundary lubrication, high abrasion and even tearing are easy to occur, meanwhile, the nitrile rubber belongs to inflammable materials, has low oxygen index, and is difficult to meet scene requirements of automobile wire harnesses, petrochemical sealing elements and the like on strict requirements on flame retardant properties. In addition, the nitrile rubber is easy to undergo thermooxidative aging under the action of environmental factors such as heat, oxygen and the like in the long-term use process, and the mechanical property is reduced, so that the service life of the product is shortened. Fly ash is solid waste produced by coal-fired enterprises such as thermal power plants, and a large amount of accumulation occupies land resources and causes environmental pollution. At present, although various approaches exist for comprehensive utilization of the fly ash, the problems of low utilization rate, unsatisfactory application effect and the like still exist. The fly ash is used for rubber modification, but untreated fly ash has poor dispersibility in a rubber matrix and is difficult to effectively exert the reinforcing effect, and the traditional fly ash modification technology focuses on improving the dispersibility to improve the mechanical property, so that the multifunctional collaborative promotion of flame retardance, ageing resistance and the like cannot be achieved, and meanwhile, the method has the limitations of insignificant modification effect, complex process, high cost and the like, and cannot meet the diversified requirements of the rubber material on the comprehensive performance in practical application. The development of the modification method which can effectively disperse the fly ash and synchronously realize the mechanical reinforcement, flame retardance synergy and ageing resistance promotion of the nitrile rubber solves the problems of single function, poor component compatibility, complex process and the like in the prior art, and has important significance for realizing the physical utilization of the fly ash resources and expanding the application scene of the nitrile rubber. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the defects of insufficient mechanical property, poor flame retardance, easiness in aging, low utilization rate of fly ash, poor compatibility with the nitrile rubber, difficulty in synchronously realizing multifunctional collaborative lifting and poor effect, process and cost of the prior modification technology in the prior art, and provides an elastomer modified fly ash composite material and a preparation method thereof. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the elastomer modified fly ash composite material comprises, by weight, 80-100 parts of nitrile rubber, 4-50 parts of fly ash, 0.04-5 parts of tannic acid, 0.004-0.5 part of glutaraldehyde, 0.2-1.5 parts of an antioxidant, 16-40 parts of nanoscale magnesium hydroxide, 4-10 parts of zinc borate, 2-8 parts of microencapsulated red phosphorus, 4-6 parts of a vulcanization activator, 1-3 parts of an accelerator and 1-2 parts of sulfur. Preferably, the antioxidant is formed by mixing an antioxidant 1010 and an antioxidant DLTP according to a mass ratio of 1 (1.5-2.5). Preferably, the microencapsulated red phosphorus is prepared by mixing epoxy resin, melamine formaldehyde resin and red phosphorus according to the mass ratio of 1 (1-2) (4-6), stirring at the rotating speed of 800-1200 r/min for 10-15 min, uniformly premixing, and then carrying out melt blending and extrusion. Preferably, the vulcanization activator is stearic acid and zinc oxide, and the addition mass ratio of the stearic acid to the zinc oxide is 1 (4.5-5). Preferably, the accelerator is accelerator DM and accelerator TMTD, and the addition mass ratio of the accelerator DM to the accelerator TMTD is 1 (1.5-2). The preparation method of the elastomer modified fly ash composite material comprises the following steps: (1) Weighing the components according to the parts by weight of claim 1 for later use; (2) Adding deionized water i