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CN-121975232-A - Halogen-free flame-retardant reinforced PP/ABS alloy material, preparation method thereof and explosion-proof distribution box shell

CN121975232ACN 121975232 ACN121975232 ACN 121975232ACN-121975232-A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, in particular to a halogen-free flame-retardant reinforced PP/ABS alloy material, a preparation method thereof and an explosion-proof distribution box shell, and aims to solve the problem that the traditional halogen flame-retardant scheme can realize high-efficiency flame retardance, but releases a large amount of toxic smoke dust and corrosive hydrogen halide gas in the combustion process, so that increasingly strict environmental protection regulations are seriously violated. After turning to a halogen-free flame-retardant system, the filler such as aluminum hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide is commonly used, and the filler can reach the same flame-retardant grade with extremely high addition ratio, so that the interfacial compatibility of matrix resin and the filler is deteriorated, the mechanical property of the material is obviously deteriorated, the tensile strength and the impact toughness are greatly reduced, and the processing fluidity is deteriorated and the molding is difficult. According to the application, by optimizing the proportion of matrix resin and introducing halogen-free flame retardant components and glass fiber reinforcement, the flame retardant and mechanical properties are effectively balanced, and meanwhile, halogen pollution is avoided, so that the flame retardant has excellent halogen-free flame retardant property, good mechanical strength and environmental protection property.

Inventors

  • LI GUANGFU
  • ZHENG GUANGRONG
  • WANG WEIFU
  • LI PEIDU

Assignees

  • 倬航防爆科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260316

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A halogen-free flame retardant reinforced PP/ABS alloy material, characterized in that the material comprises, in mass fraction: 62% -68% of matrix resin, wherein the matrix resin is a blend of polypropylene and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, and the mass ratio of the polypropylene to the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer is 1.8:1 to 2.2:1; 16% -19% of a halogen-free flame-retardant system, wherein the halogen-free flame-retardant system comprises ammonium polyphosphate, melamine cyanurate and nano montmorillonite; 9% -11% of glass fiber.
  2. 2. The halogen-free flame retardant reinforced PP/ABS alloy material of claim 1 wherein the polypropylene in the matrix resin comprises homo-polypropylene and co-polypropylene in a mass ratio of 6.5:3.5 to 7.5:2.5.
  3. 3. The halogen-free flame retardant reinforced PP/ABS alloy material according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the ammonium polyphosphate to the melamine cyanurate in the halogen-free flame retardant system is 1.9:1 to 2.1:1, and the addition amount of the nano montmorillonite is 4.5% -5.5% of the total mass of the halogen-free flame retardant system.
  4. 4. The halogen-free flame retardant reinforced PP/ABS alloy material according to claim 1, further comprising a composite antistatic system of 3.2% -4.8%, wherein the composite antistatic system comprises a quaternary ammonium salt type antistatic agent and a carbon black dispersion liquid, the addition amount of the quaternary ammonium salt type antistatic agent is 2.8% -4.2%, and the mass fraction of nano carbon black in the carbon black dispersion liquid is 9% -11%.
  5. 5. The halogen-free flame retardant reinforced PP/ABS alloy material according to claim 1, further comprising 4.2% -5.8% of a compatilizer, wherein the compatilizer comprises maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene and maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer, the addition amount of the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene is 3.8% -5.2%, and the addition amount of the maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer is 1.2% -2.8%.
  6. 6. The halogen-free flame retardant reinforced PP/ABS alloy material according to claim 1 is characterized by further comprising an anti-aging system of 1.1% -1.9%, wherein the anti-aging system comprises an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant and nano zinc oxide, the addition amount of the ultraviolet absorber is 0.9% -1.7%, the addition amount of the antioxidant is 0.5% -1.1%, and the addition amount of the nano zinc oxide is 0.35% -0.75%.
  7. 7. The halogen-free flame retardant reinforced PP/ABS alloy material according to claim 1, wherein the glass fiber has a length of 3-6mm and a diameter of 10-15 mu m, and the glass fiber is subjected to surface treatment by adopting a silane coupling agent.
  8. 8. A method for preparing the halogen-free flame retardant reinforced PP/ABS alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of: Step S1, mixing polypropylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, ammonium polyphosphate, melamine cyanurate, nano montmorillonite, quaternary ammonium salt type antistatic agent, maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene, maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-octene copolymer, ultraviolet absorbent, antioxidant and nano zinc oxide for 13-17min by a high-speed mixer at 112-128 ℃ and the mixing rotating speed of 780-1020rpm; Step S2, drying the uniformly mixed materials until the water content is less than or equal to 0.11%; Step S3, carrying out melt extrusion by adopting a double-screw extruder, wherein the double-screw extruder sequentially comprises a premixing section and a main extrusion section along the material advancing direction, the length of a screw rod of the premixing section is 22-28% of the total length of the screw rod, the length of the screw rod of the main extrusion section is 72-78% of the total length of the screw rod, the double-screw extruder is provided with an exhaust port in the main extrusion section, the vacuum degree is controlled to be-0.078 to-0.082 MPa through the exhaust port, and the extrusion temperature is set to be 178-182 ℃ in one region, 188-192 ℃ in two regions, 198-202 ℃ in three regions, 208-212 ℃ in four regions, 218-222 ℃ in five regions and 208-212 ℃ in a die head, and the screw rod rotating speed is 190-310rpm; and S4, water-cooling and granulating after extrusion to prepare PP/ABS alloy particles.
  9. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein in the step S3, the vent of the twin-screw extruder is disposed at the middle and rear part of the main extrusion section, at least one screw conveying element is disposed between the vent and the die head of the twin-screw extruder, the twin-screw extruder is provided with a lateral feeding port in the main extrusion section, and the glass fiber is fed through the lateral feeding port, and the lateral feeding port is located upstream of the vent.
  10. 10. An explosion-proof distribution box shell, characterized in that the shell is made of the halogen-free flame retardant reinforced PP/ABS alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 7; The shell also comprises a silicone rubber sealing gasket, the shell and the silicone rubber sealing gasket are connected through hot-pressing compounding, the temperature of the hot-pressing compounding is 112-128 ℃, the pressure is 4.2-5.8MPa, and the time is 1.8-3.2min; before hot-pressing compounding, the shell is further subjected to plasma surface treatment, wherein the temperature of the plasma surface treatment is 55-85 ℃, the time is 2.5-5.5min, and the power is 190-310W; the shell is prepared by adopting a double-color injection molding process, the mold is provided with an anti-explosion spigot and sealing groove integrated structure, the injection temperature is set to be 178-182 ℃, 188-192 ℃, 198-202 ℃ and 218-222 ℃ in a first region, the pressure maintaining pressure is 78-102MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 2.8-5.2s, and the cooling time is 24-31s.

Description

Halogen-free flame-retardant reinforced PP/ABS alloy material, preparation method thereof and explosion-proof distribution box shell Technical Field The application relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, in particular to a halogen-free flame-retardant reinforced PP/ABS alloy material, a preparation method thereof and an explosion-proof distribution box shell. Background The explosion-proof distribution box is used as key safety equipment and widely applied to flammable and explosive environments such as petrochemical industry, mine operation areas, new energy automobile charging facilities and the like. The shell material must meet multiple severe requirements synchronously, the flame retardant performance must reach UL 94V-0 level to inhibit flame propagation, the antistatic capability must ensure that the surface resistance is stably within a safety threshold to prevent static accumulation, the impact strength should be enough to bear mechanical impact to avoid structural failure, and the shell material must have wide temperature range weather resistance to adapt to long-term service conditions of-40 ℃ to 85 ℃. However, existing material systems expose systematic drawbacks in practical applications. Although the traditional halogen flame-retardant scheme can realize high-efficiency flame retardance, a great amount of toxic smoke dust and corrosive hydrogen halide gas are released in the combustion process, and the increasingly strict environmental protection regulations are seriously violated. After the halogen-free flame-retardant system is turned, the filler such as aluminum hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide is commonly used, and the filler can reach the same flame-retardant grade with extremely high addition ratio, so that the interfacial compatibility of matrix resin and the filler is deteriorated, the mechanical property of the material is obviously deteriorated, the tensile strength and the impact toughness are greatly reduced, and the processing fluidity is deteriorated and the molding is difficult. In terms of antistatic function, the prior art relies on single internal antistatic agents whose mechanism of action depends on the continuous migration of the active ingredient to the surface of the material. Although the surface resistance can reach the standard in the initial stage, the antistatic component is gradually depleted along with the extension of service time, the surface resistance of the material continuously rises to a dangerous level, the antistatic protection capability is lost, and the hidden danger of triggering an electrostatic discharge accident exists. After glass fiber reinforcement is introduced, the material is easy to generate brittle fracture in a low-temperature environment due to weak bonding between the fiber and a matrix interface, so that the sealing failure and the explosion-proof reliability are reduced. In the aspect of weather resistance, long-term outdoor exposure causes the material to be subjected to the synergistic effect of ultraviolet radiation and temperature circulation, and causes irreversible photooxidation reaction, which is manifested by surface chalking, cracking and mechanical property attenuation, and cannot be matched with the design life requirement of the explosion-proof equipment for 15-20 years. The problem at a deeper level is that the prior art scheme is often isolated to optimize single performance index, and fails to coordinate the multi-dimensional requirements of flame retardance, static resistance, mechanical strength, weather resistance and the like. For example, increasing the amount of flame retardant may improve the flame retardant effect but exacerbate the deterioration of mechanical properties, and increasing the amount of antistatic agent may interfere with the processing stability. This inter-property constraint makes it difficult to achieve the overall balance of material properties required for explosion-proof applications. In view of the above, there is a need in the art for improvements. Disclosure of Invention First, the technical problem to be solved The application aims to provide a halogen-free flame-retardant reinforced PP/ABS alloy material, a preparation method thereof and an explosion-proof distribution box shell, which have excellent halogen-free flame retardant property, good mechanical strength and environmental protection property. (II) technical scheme The application provides a halogen-free flame-retardant reinforced PP/ABS alloy material, which has the following technical scheme: the material comprises 62-68% of matrix resin, 9-11% of glass fiber, wherein the matrix resin is a blend of polypropylene and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, the mass ratio of the polypropylene to the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer is 1.8:1 to 2.2:1, the halogen-free flame-retardant system is 16-19%, and the halogen-free flame-retardant system comprises ammonium polyphosphate, melamine cyanurate and