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CN-121975248-A - Oil-resistant cold-resistant flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material and preparation method thereof

CN121975248ACN 121975248 ACN121975248 ACN 121975248ACN-121975248-A

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil-resistant cold-resistant flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the polyvinyl chloride material is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 100 parts of a PVC resin, 40-60 parts of a plasticizer, 30-50 parts of a flame retardant, 15-25 parts of a cold-resistant agent, 10-20 parts of an oil-resistant agent, 5-10 parts of a heat stabilizer and 2-5 parts of a lubricant, the flame retardant is a composite flame retardant consisting of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and antimony trioxide, the cold-resistant agent is an ethylene terpolymer, and the oil-resistant agent is a polar copolymer of acrylonitrile and butadiene. The material disclosed by the invention has excellent comprehensive performance, low-temperature impact performance can pass through minus 40 ℃, mechanical property loss is extremely small after an oil resistance test, an oxygen index is maintained to be about 30%, the material has stable mechanical property and thermal stability, oil resistance, cold resistance and flame retardance are synergistically optimized, and the material is suitable for preparing cables under complex working conditions such as automobile engine cabins, industrial equipment in extremely cold areas, petrochemical industry and the like, and the preparation process is high in controllability and easy for industrial production.

Inventors

  • WANG YINFEI
  • LI WENBIN

Assignees

  • 上海凯波电缆特材股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260316

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The oil-resistant cold-resistant flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin; 40-60 parts of plasticizer; 30-50 parts of flame retardant; 8-25 parts of cold-resistant agent; 10-20 parts of oil resistant agent 5-10 Parts of a heat stabilizer; 2-5 parts of lubricant; wherein the flame retardant is a composite flame retardant consisting of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and antimony trioxide; The cold-resistant agent is an ethylene terpolymer; the oil resistant agent is a polar copolymer of acrylonitrile and butadiene.
  2. 2. The oil-resistant, cold-resistant and flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material according to claim 1, wherein the polymerization degree of the PVC resin is 1000.
  3. 3. The oil-resistant and cold-resistant flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material according to claim 1, wherein the plasticizer is a mixture of dioctyl terephthalate and dioctyl sebacate.
  4. 4. The oil-resistant cold-resistant flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material according to claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of dioctyl terephthalate to dioctyl sebacate is (20-50): 5-30.
  5. 5. The oil-resistant cold-resistant flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and antimony trioxide in the flame retardant is (15-25): 10-20): 5-10.
  6. 6. The oil-resistant and cold-resistant flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material according to claim 1, wherein the cold-resistant agent is an ethylene-acrylic ester-maleic anhydride terpolymer.
  7. 7. The oil-resistant cold-resistant flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material according to claim 1, wherein the heat stabilizer is a calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, and the lubricant is stearic acid.
  8. 8. A method for preparing the oil-resistant, cold-resistant and flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which comprises the following steps: S1, weighing the raw materials according to the proportion; S2, adding PVC resin, plasticizer, heat stabilizer and flame retardant into a high-speed kneader, and carrying out first mixing for 5-10 minutes at 105-115 ℃, then adding lubricant, oil resistance agent and cold resistance agent, and carrying out second mixing for 30-90 seconds to obtain a mixture; s3, feeding the mixture into a double-screw extruder for plasticizing and mixing, and granulating through a single-screw extruder; S4, drying the granulated particles at 50-60 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the required oil-resistant cold-resistant flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material.
  9. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein in the step S3, the twin-screw extruder is divided into nine zones from the feed end to the head, and the temperatures of the zones are controlled such that the first zone is 135+ -10 ℃, the second zone is 135+ -10 ℃, the third zone is 140+ -10 ℃, the fourth zone is 145+ -10 ℃, the fifth zone is 150+ -10 ℃, the sixth zone is 155+ -10 ℃, the seventh zone is 160+ -10 ℃, the eighth zone is 165+ -10 ℃, the ninth zone is 165+ -10 ℃, and the head temperature is 165+ -10 ℃.
  10. 10. The method according to claim 8, wherein in the step S3, the single screw extruder is divided into four zones from the feed end to the die, and the temperature of each zone is controlled to be 120.+ -. 10 ℃ in the first zone, 130.+ -. 20 ℃ in the second zone, 140.+ -. 20 ℃ in the third zone, and 150.+ -. 10 ℃ in the fourth zone.

Description

Oil-resistant cold-resistant flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of cable materials, in particular to an oil-resistant cold-resistant flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material and a preparation method thereof. Background Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a thermoplastic plastic with excellent comprehensive performance and wide application, and has important application in the fields of wires and cables, automobile parts, industrial pipelines, building materials and the like. With industrial development and technical progress, more severe performance requirements are put forward on PVC materials, namely, the PVC materials are required to have good oil resistance, cold resistance and flame retardance at the same time, particularly in the fields of automobiles, petrochemical industry, rail transit, outdoor facilities in cold regions and the like. The common PVC material has strong molecular structure polarity, is easy to swell and soften when contacting with nonpolar oil, so that the mechanical property is reduced, the PVC material is easy to embrittle at low temperature and has poor low-temperature impact property, and the PVC material has a certain flame retardance due to chlorine element, but has large smoke quantity and releases toxic gas when burning, and has high flame propagation speed, so that the flame retardant safety requirement of high standards is difficult to meet. The PVC material sold in the market at present only can focus on the performance in a certain aspect, and is difficult to realize good balance among oil resistance, cold resistance and high-efficiency flame retardance, so that the application of the PVC material in a severe environment is restricted. Therefore, the polyvinyl chloride composite material which can achieve excellent oil resistance, cold resistance and high flame retardance has important practical application value. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an oil-resistant cold-resistant flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material and a preparation method thereof. On the basis of keeping good mechanical properties, the material has excellent oil resistance, low-temperature toughness and high-efficiency flame retardance, and is particularly suitable for severe cold, multiple oils and complex environments with fireproof requirements. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: An oil-resistant cold-resistant flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin; 40-60 parts of plasticizer; 30-50 parts of flame retardant; 8-25 parts of cold-resistant agent; 10-20 parts of oil resistant agent 5-10 Parts of a heat stabilizer; 2-5 parts of lubricant. Preferably, the PVC resin is a polyvinyl chloride resin having a degree of polymerization of 1000, which provides the cable material with a basic matrix structure and certain mechanical properties. Preferably, the plasticizer is dioctyl terephthalate DOTP and dioctyl sebacate DOS, so that the flexibility and the processing performance of the polyvinyl chloride are improved, and the DOS can improve the cold resistance of the polyvinyl chloride, so that the cable material is easy to form. More preferably, the weight ratio of dioctyl terephthalate to dioctyl sebacate in the plasticizer is (20-50): 5-30. Preferably, the flame retardant is a composite flame retardant system consisting of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and antimony trioxide, wherein the aluminum hydroxide is decomposed and absorbs heat at high temperature, the surface temperature of the material is reduced, meanwhile, water vapor is released to dilute the concentration of combustible gas, and magnesium oxide generated by pyrolysis of the magnesium hydroxide is a high-temperature resistant substance, and a protective layer is formed on the surface of the material to prevent flame propagation. The antimony trioxide can react with hydrogen chloride generated by PVC decomposition in the combustion process to generate substances such as antimony trichloride, and the substances can capture free radicals in the combustion reaction, so that flame spread is inhibited, a synergistic flame-retardant effect is achieved, and the flame-retardant efficiency of the PVC material can be remarkably improved. More preferably, the weight ratio of the aluminum hydroxide, the magnesium hydroxide and the antimonous oxide in the flame retardant is (15-15): 10-20): 5-10. Preferably, the cold-resistant agent is an ethylene terpolymer, which can reduce the glass transition temperature of the PVC system. This means that the PVC material can remain in a high elastic state at a lower temperature, yet has good elasticity and plasticity, thus adapting to cold environments. More preferably, the cold-resistant agent is ethyl