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CN-121975302-A - Polyurethane solid tire with high wear resistance and tear resistance and preparation method thereof

CN121975302ACN 121975302 ACN121975302 ACN 121975302ACN-121975302-A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of polyurethane tires, and discloses a polyurethane solid tire with high wear resistance and tear resistance and a preparation method thereof. The polyurethane solid tire with high wear resistance and tear resistance comprises, by weight, 60-80 parts of polyether polyurethane prepolymer, 8-18 parts of modified composite filler, 2-5 parts of aramid chopped fiber, 1-3 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.5-1 part of antioxidant and 0.3-0.8 part of ultraviolet absorbent, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of S1, raw material preparation, S2 and material mixing, S3, casting molding, S4, vulcanization curing and S5, and post-treatment. The silane coupling agent KH-550 is adopted to carry out surface modification on the nano alumina and the carbon fiber and form the modified composite filler, so that the interface binding force of the inorganic filler and the polyurethane matrix is improved, the filler agglomeration is avoided, the mechanical property stability of the material is ensured, and the problem of comprehensive performance fluctuation caused by insufficient compatibility of the filler and the matrix and easy agglomeration is solved.

Inventors

  • OUYANG XIAORONG
  • WANG ZHIKUAN
  • BAI FEIYU
  • LI XUHE
  • WANG HAO

Assignees

  • 合肥天宇博恩科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20251230

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The polyurethane solid tire with high wear resistance and tear resistance is characterized by comprising, by weight, 60-80 parts of polyether polyurethane prepolymer, 8-18 parts of modified composite filler, 2-5 parts of aramid chopped fiber, 1-3 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.5-1 part of antioxidant and 0.3-0.8 part of ultraviolet absorber; The modified composite filler comprises 5-10 parts of modified nano alumina and 3-8 parts of surface oxidation treatment carbon fiber.
  2. 2. The polyurethane solid tire with high wear resistance and tear resistance according to claim 1, wherein the polyether polyurethane prepolymer is prepared by reacting polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol with 4,4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate according to a molar ratio of 1 (2.2-2.5), the number average molecular weight of the polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol is 1000-2000, and the NCO content of the prepolymer after the reaction is 8-12%.
  3. 3. The polyurethane solid tire with high wear resistance and tear resistance according to claim 1, wherein the modified nano aluminum oxide is gamma-Al 2O3 subjected to surface treatment by a silane coupling agent KH-550, and the particle size is 50-100nm; the weight ratio of the modified nano alumina to the surface oxidation treatment carbon fiber is (1.2-2.5): 1.
  4. 4. The polyurethane solid tire with high wear resistance and tear resistance according to claim 1, wherein the length of the surface oxidation treatment carbon fiber is 0.5-2mm, the oxygen-containing functional groups are-OH and-COOH, and the total content is more than or equal to 5mmol/g; The length of the aramid chopped fiber is 1-3mm, the breaking strength is more than or equal to 25cN/dtex, and the weight ratio of the aramid chopped fiber to the modified composite filler is (0.2-0.5): 1.
  5. 5. The high abrasion-resistant and tear-resistant polyurethane solid tire according to claim 1, wherein the cross-linking agent is 1, 4-butanediol, the antioxidant is hindered phenol antioxidant 1010, and the ultraviolet absorber is UV-531; the weight ratio of the antioxidant to the polyether polyurethane prepolymer is 1 (60-160), and the weight ratio of the ultraviolet absorber to the polyether polyurethane prepolymer is 1 (75-267).
  6. 6. A method for preparing a polyurethane solid tire with high wear resistance and tear resistance, which is used for the polyurethane solid tire with high wear resistance and tear resistance according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and comprises the following steps: S1, preparing raw materials, namely firstly mixing nano alumina with carbon fibers, carrying out modification treatment by a silane coupling agent, drying to obtain modified composite filler, dehydrating polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol, and reacting with 4,4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate to obtain polyether polyurethane prepolymer; S2, mixing materials, namely cooling the prepolymer prepared in the step 1, sequentially adding modified composite filler, aramid chopped fibers, a cross-linking agent, an antioxidant and an ultraviolet absorbent, and carrying out vacuum defoamation after segmented stirring to prepare a uniform tire casting material; S3, casting molding, namely firstly coating and preheating a tire mold with a release agent, then injecting the casting material prepared in the S2 into the mold at a set temperature, pressure and flow rate, and maintaining pressure to finish mold filling; S4, vulcanizing and curing, namely heating the die after injection molding to a vulcanizing temperature according to a set rate, and preserving heat and vulcanizing to enable the polyurethane matrix to be completely crosslinked; s5, post-treatment, namely demolding and trimming the vulcanized tire, and cooling after vacuum aging treatment to obtain a finished tire.
  7. 7. The method for preparing the polyurethane solid tire with high wear resistance and tear resistance according to claim 6, wherein in the step S1, the preparation of the modified composite filler comprises the steps of mixing nano alumina with carbon fiber according to the weight ratio of (1.2-2.5): 1, adding a silane coupling agent KH-550 accounting for 1-3% of the total mass of the filler, stirring for 2-4 hours at the rotation speed of 60-80 ℃ and 300-500rpm, and then drying at the vacuum degree of 80-100 ℃ and minus 0.09-0.1 MPa until the water content is less than or equal to 0.1%; The preparation of the prepolymer comprises the steps of dehydrating polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol for 2-3h at the vacuum degree of 100-120 ℃ to minus 0.09 to minus 0.1MPa, cooling to 50-60 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃ per minute, adding 4,4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate according to the mol ratio of 1 (2.2-2.5), heating to 80-90 ℃ and reacting for 3-5h at the rotating speed of 200-300rpm, and preserving heat until the NCO content is stabilized at 8-12%.
  8. 8. The method for preparing the polyurethane solid tire with high wear resistance and tear resistance according to claim 6, wherein in the step S2, materials are mixed, wherein the temperature of the prepolymer is reduced to 50-60 ℃, modified composite filler is added at first, stirring is carried out for 20-30min at the rotating speed of 1500-1800rpm, then the rest components are sequentially added, the rotating speed is increased to 1800-2000rpm, stirring is carried out for 10-30min, and meanwhile, defoaming is carried out for 20-30min at the vacuum degree of minus 0.08-0.09 MPa.
  9. 9. The method for preparing the polyurethane solid tire with high wear resistance and tear resistance according to claim 6, wherein in the step S3, the mold pretreatment comprises uniformly coating a silicone release agent with the thickness of 0.05-0.1mm on the inner wall of a tire mold, preheating to 60-70 ℃ and preserving heat for 30min; the casting molding comprises the steps of 60-70 ℃ temperature, 0.3-0.5MPa pressure, 50-100mL/min casting flow rate and 10-20min pressure maintaining time.
  10. 10. The method for preparing the high abrasion-resistant and tear-resistant polyurethane solid tire according to claim 6, wherein in the step S4, vulcanization and curing are performed by heating to 100-110 ℃ at a rate of 10-15 ℃ per minute, and preserving heat and vulcanizing for 2-3 hours; In the step S5, the post-treatment comprises trimming the flash by a cutter, and aging for 4-6 hours at 120 ℃ and the vacuum degree of minus 0.08 to minus 0.09 MPa.

Description

Polyurethane solid tire with high wear resistance and tear resistance and preparation method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of polyurethane tires, in particular to a polyurethane solid tire with high wear resistance and tear resistance and a preparation method thereof. Background The polyurethane solid tire is used as a core component in a heavy-load low-speed scene, is widely applied to fields of forklifts, port machinery, engineering machinery, storage logistics equipment and the like by virtue of the characteristics of excellent bearing capacity, good buffering performance, low running noise and the like, plays a key role in ensuring stable running of equipment and improving working efficiency, takes polyurethane elastomer as a matrix, optimizes performance by adding reinforcing filler, has more excellent mechanical strength and ageing resistance compared with the traditional rubber solid tire, and becomes an important choice in the fields of industrial production and logistics transportation. The existing polyurethane solid tire is difficult to cooperatively improve the wear resistance and the tear resistance, if the hardness of a polyurethane matrix is improved to enhance the wear resistance, the toughness of the tire is obviously reduced, cracks and tearing failure are easy to occur under complex working conditions, and if the flexible components are increased or the crosslinking density is adjusted to improve the tear resistance, the wear resistance life of the tire is shortened, and the long-term use requirement under heavy-load scenes can not be met. Meanwhile, in the existing reinforcing scheme, high-price fillers such as graphene are adopted in part of the technology to improve the wear resistance, but the problems of high cost and high dispersion difficulty exist, and part of the technology only adds reinforcing materials such as carbon fiber and the like, and the surface of the fillers is not subjected to targeted modification, so that the interface binding force between the fillers and a polyurethane matrix is weak. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a polyurethane solid tire with high wear resistance and tear resistance and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems of poor compatibility between the filler and a matrix and fluctuation of comprehensive performance caused by easy agglomeration because the technical scheme of surface modification of the reinforcing filler is not carried out in the prior art. The polyurethane solid tire with high wear resistance and tear resistance comprises, by weight, 60-80 parts of polyether polyurethane prepolymer, 8-18 parts of modified composite filler, 2-5 parts of aramid chopped fiber, 1-3 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.5-1 part of antioxidant and 0.3-0.8 part of ultraviolet absorber; The modified composite filler comprises 5-10 parts of modified nano alumina and 3-8 parts of surface oxidation treatment carbon fiber. By adopting the technical scheme, as the polyether polyurethane prepolymer is adopted as the matrix material, the composite filler consisting of the modified nano alumina and the surface oxidation treatment carbon fiber is matched, and the aramid chopped fiber is matched for reinforcement, the dosage of each component is matched to form a complementary system, so that the effects of synergistic improvement of wear resistance and tear resistance and balanced comprehensive mechanical property are obtained. Preferably, the polyether polyurethane prepolymer is prepared by reacting polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol with 4,4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate according to a molar ratio of 1 (2.2-2.5), wherein the number average molecular weight of the polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol is 1000-2000, and the NCO content of the prepolymer after the reaction is 8-12%. By adopting the technical scheme, the polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol with specific number average molecular weight and the 4,4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate are adopted to react according to the precise molar ratio, so that the NCO content of the prepolymer is strictly controlled within a reasonable range, and the moderate reactivity of the prepolymer is ensured, thus obtaining the effects of uniform crosslinking density of the polyurethane matrix and balanced mechanical strength and toughness. Preferably, the modified nano aluminum oxide is gamma-Al 2O3 subjected to surface treatment by a silane coupling agent KH-550, and the particle size is 50-100nm; the weight ratio of the modified nano alumina to the surface oxidation treatment carbon fiber is (1.2-2.5): 1. By adopting the technical scheme, as the silane coupling agent KH-550 is adopted to carry out surface modification on gamma-Al 2O3, the proportion of nano alumina to carbon fiber is optimized, and the compatibility of the filler and the polyurethane matrix is improved, the effects of uniform filler dispersion, enhanced interfacial bi