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CN-121975308-A - Nylon composite material and preparation method and application thereof

CN121975308ACN 121975308 ACN121975308 ACN 121975308ACN-121975308-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of nylon materials, and particularly relates to a nylon composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation raw materials of the nylon composite material comprise nylon resin, a nano branched carbon fiber material and spherical graphite, wherein the nano branched carbon fiber material comprises carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes, and the carbon nanotubes are grafted on the surfaces of the carbon fibers through amide bonds. The invention forms branched structure on CF surface through amide bond grafting CNTs. The grafting method is different from the traditional physical mixing, and can realize the tight combination of CF/CNTs and a nylon matrix on a molecular level, thereby remarkably improving the interface combination strength of the fiber and the matrix. Meanwhile, a three-dimensional foam network structure is constructed in a nylon matrix through spherical graphite and a nano branched carbon fiber material with a branched structure, and the structural design can form complex electric conduction and heat conduction paths in the material, so that the electromagnetic shielding effect of the composite material is effectively improved.

Inventors

  • Su Junzhao
  • CHEN XINTAI
  • YANG HAIMIN
  • XU GAOXIN

Assignees

  • 广东聚石化学股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260119

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The nylon composite material is characterized in that the preparation raw materials of the nylon composite material comprise nylon resin, nano branched carbon fiber material and spherical graphite; the nano branched carbon fiber material comprises carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes, wherein the carbon nanotubes are grafted on the surfaces of the carbon fibers through amide bonds.
  2. 2. The nylon composite material according to claim 1, wherein the preparation raw materials of the nylon composite material comprise, by mass, 40-80% of nylon resin, 18-57% of nano branched carbon fiber material and 1-3% of spherical graphite.
  3. 3. The nylon composite of claim 1, wherein the nylon composite is prepared from a raw material further comprising at least one of an antioxidant and a lubricant.
  4. 4. The nylon composite material according to claim 3, wherein the raw materials for preparing the nylon composite material further comprise an antioxidant and a lubricant, and the raw materials for preparing the nylon composite material comprise, by mass, 40-80% of nylon resin, 18-57% of nano branched carbon fiber material, 1-3% of spherical graphite, 0.18-0.22% of antioxidant and 0.35-0.45% of lubricant.
  5. 5. The nylon composite of claim 4, wherein the spheroidal graphite has a particle size of 1 to 10 μm; And/or the antioxidant comprises at least one of hindered phenol antioxidants and phosphite antioxidants; and/or the lubricant comprises a fatty amide lubricant.
  6. 6. A method for producing a nylon composite as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of: And mixing the preparation raw materials of the nylon composite material, and carrying out melt extrusion to obtain the nylon composite material.
  7. 7. The method of preparing the nano-branched carbon fiber material according to claim 6, comprising the steps of: (1) Immersing the carbon fiber and the carbon nanotube in acid liquor for acidizing treatment, and drying to obtain the acidized carbon fiber-carbon nanotube; (2) Mixing the acidified carbon fiber-carbon nano tube, hexamethylenediamine and a catalyst, and reacting to obtain the catalyst.
  8. 8. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein in the step (1), the weight ratio of the carbon fiber to the carbon nanotube is 100 (0.1-1.1); And/or the acid solution comprises at least one of oxalic acid, citric acid and dilute nitric acid; And/or the temperature of the acidification treatment is 35-65 ℃, and the time of the acidification treatment is 22-40h.
  9. 9. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the step (2), the mass ratio of hexamethylenediamine to the acidified carbon fiber-carbon nanotube is (0.9 to 5.5) 100; And/or the temperature of the reaction is 135-185 ℃, and the time of the reaction is 11-26h.
  10. 10. Use of the nylon composite of any one of claims 1-5 in the fields of communications, new energy automobiles, electronics and appliances, low-altitude economics.

Description

Nylon composite material and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of nylon materials, and particularly relates to a nylon composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Along with the development of technologies such as 5G communication, internet of things, artificial intelligence, low-altitude economy and the like and technical collision, the technology updating iteration speed of electronic equipment is increased, and the market demand of multifunctional integrated materials is continuously increased. Particularly, under the promotion of a 5G technology, the power of the signal receiving and transmitting electronic equipment is improved, the electromagnetic wave frequency range is expanded, higher requirements are put on electromagnetic shielding materials, external electromagnetic interference is required to be effectively prevented from entering the equipment, high-performance application is supported, and stable operation of the equipment under high thermal load is ensured. Therefore, the research of electromagnetic shielding materials in the future will be developed toward high shielding effectiveness, high thermal conductivity, light weight, high strength, and the like. The nylon resin material has the advantages of light weight, high strength, high rigidity and good processability, has application prospect as a matrix of the multifunctional integrated composite material, and can improve the electromagnetic shielding, heat conduction and high strength performance of the nylon material by adding inorganic filler, carbon Fiber (CF), carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, conductive polymer (polyaniline, polypyrrole), metal nano particles, silicon dioxide fiber and the like for modification. However, the above-mentioned common modified materials are all nonpolar and have agglomeration effect, which results in that they lack good wettability and adsorptivity in the nylon matrix, interface bonding energy with the nylon matrix is low, and physical properties of the materials are difficult to transfer to the composite material effectively. Therefore, the nylon composite material with good electromagnetic shielding performance, light weight and high strength has very important significance. Disclosure of Invention The present invention aims to solve one or more of the technical problems of the prior art described above, and at least provides an advantageous option. Specifically, the invention provides a nylon composite material which has good electromagnetic shielding performance, light weight and high strength. The invention relates to a preparation raw material of a nylon composite material, which comprises nylon resin, a nano branched carbon fiber material and spherical graphite, wherein the nano branched carbon fiber material comprises Carbon Fibers (CF) and Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), and the carbon nanotubes are grafted on the surface of the carbon fibers through amide bonds. According to the invention, the carbon nano tube is grafted on the surface of the carbon fiber through an amide bond, so that the branching modification of the carbon fiber is realized, a branching structure is formed, and a micro-nano double-scale anchoring structure is formed on the surface of the carbon fiber. The structure forces the crack to sequentially undergo a three-step progressive destruction process of CNTs bridge fracture-CF trunk pulling-matrix tearing in an interface region, and obviously prolongs an energy dissipation path and improves fracture work, thereby realizing synchronous enhancement of the strength and toughness of the composite material. Meanwhile, the tight combination of the CF/CNTs and the nylon matrix can be realized on the molecular level, thereby obviously improving the interface combination strength of the carbon fiber and the nylon matrix. In addition, the spherical graphite and the nano branched carbon fiber material can realize three-in-one of 'point, line and plane' in the nylon matrix, and a 'three-dimensional foam network structure' is constructed, and the structure can form complex three-dimensional electric conduction and heat conduction paths with interface polarization/multiple reflection in the material, so that the electromagnetic shielding effect of the composite material is effectively improved. Accordingly, in a first aspect the present invention provides a nylon composite. Specifically, the preparation raw materials of the nylon composite material comprise nylon resin, a nano branched carbon fiber material and spherical graphite; The nano branched carbon fiber material (B-CF) comprises carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes, wherein the carbon nanotubes are grafted on the surfaces of the carbon fibers through amide bonds. Preferably, the preparation raw materials of the nylon composite material comprise 40-80% of nylon resin, 18-57% of nano branched carbon fiber material and 1-3% of spherical gr