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CN-121975379-A - Hydrophobic waterproof coating, coating and multilayer hydrophobic waterproof interlayer containing same

CN121975379ACN 121975379 ACN121975379 ACN 121975379ACN-121975379-A

Abstract

The invention provides a hydrophobic waterproof coating, a coating and a multilayer hydrophobic waterproof interlayer containing the same. The hydrophobic waterproof coating comprises a film-forming matrix and a hydrophobic component, wherein the hydrophobic component comprises phthalocyanine compounds shown in the following formula I. The coating of the invention contains specific phthalocyanine molecules so as to have extremely low surface energy and endow the coating with superhydrophobic characteristics. The multilayer hydrophobic waterproof interlayer of the present invention comprises a support layer at the bottom and a hydrophobic waterproof layer at the top, wherein the hydrophobic waterproof layer is coated with the hydrophobic waterproof coating of the present invention. The hydrophobic waterproof coating and the interlayer are suitable for the anti-condensation protection of outdoor power electric boxes and cabinets, and can effectively improve the operation reliability and service life of power equipment. Formula I

Inventors

  • CAO JING
  • TAN CHAOYU
  • XIE MINGZHENG
  • XIAO GUOBIN

Assignees

  • 兰州大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20251212

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A hydrophobic, water-barrier coating comprising a film-forming substrate and a hydrophobic component comprising a phthalocyanine-based compound of formula I: The compound of the formula I, In formula I, R 1 to R 4 are the same or different and are each independently selected from halogen, C6-C20 aryl and C6-C20 aryloxy, said C6-C20 aryl and C6-C20 aryloxy being optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from halogen, amino, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy; m is a transition metal.
  2. 2. The coating according to claim 1, wherein M is Cu, ni, zn or Co, and/or R 1 to R 4 are identical or different and are each independently selected from halogen, C6-C12 aryl and C6-C12 aryloxy, said C6-C12 aryl and C6-C12 aryloxy being optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from halogen, amino, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy; Preferably, in formula I, R 1 to R 4 are the same or different and are each independently selected from fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, phenyl, biphenyl and phenoxy, said phenyl, biphenyl and phenoxy being optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from halogen, amino, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy; Preferably, in formula I, R 1 to R 4 are the same or different and are each independently selected from fluorine and phenoxy; Preferably, in formula I, R 1 to R 4 are the same; Preferably, the compound of formula I is selected from at least one of the following compounds: , , 。
  3. 3. The coating according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 5-20mg of the phthalocyanine compound of formula I is contained per 100mL of the coating, preferably 8-15mg of the phthalocyanine compound of formula I is contained per 100mL of the coating.
  4. 4.A coating according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hydrophobic component further comprises a silane; Preferably, the silane is selected from the group consisting of (R a ) n Si(OR b ) 4-n compounds wherein R a is selected from the group consisting of C6-C20 alkyl, C6-C20 haloalkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C6-C20 aryl, C3-C20 heteroaryl, preferably selected from the group consisting of C6-C20 alkyl, C6-C20 haloalkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, more preferably selected from the group consisting of C12-C18 alkyl and C12-C18 haloalkyl; R b is selected from the group consisting of C1-C10 alkyl, C1-C10 haloalkyl, C6-C20 aryl, C3-C20 heteroaryl, preferably selected from the group consisting of C1-C10 alkyl, more preferably selected from the group consisting of C1-C4 alkyl; n is 1,2 or 3; Preferably, the method comprises the steps of, the silane is selected from one or more of hexadecyl trimethoxy silane, hexadecyl triethoxy silane, octadecyl trimethoxy silane, octadecyl triethoxy silane, heptadecyl triethoxy silane, octadecyl trimethoxy silane and triethoxy tridecyl fluorooctyl silane; preferably, the mass ratio of the volume of silane to the phthalocyanine compound shown in formula I in the hydrophobic component is 1 mL (0.2-0.8), preferably 1 mL (0.3-0.5).
  5. 5. The coating of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the film-forming matrix comprises one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, aqueous acrylic resin, glutaraldehyde crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol, preferably comprises a combination of polyvinyl alcohol and aqueous acrylic resin, and/or the coating further comprises a solvent; preferably, the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 500-2500, more preferably 500-1800, and further preferably, the polyvinyl alcohol is one or more selected from PVA-0588, PVA-1088, PVA-1788, PVA-1799 and PVA-1792; Preferably, the aqueous acrylic resin has a viscosity of <150 cp at 20-25 ℃ and/or a solids content of 35-60%, preferably 39-41%; preferably, the solvent comprises one or at least two of water, an alcohol solvent and a sulfoxide solvent, preferably, the alcohol solvent comprises a C1-C6 alcohol solvent, preferably, the sulfoxide solvent comprises dimethyl sulfoxide; Preferably, the solvent includes water, ethanol and dimethyl sulfoxide.
  6. 6. A method of preparing the coating of any one of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of: Mixing the first solution containing the film-forming matrix with the second solution containing the hydrophobic component, performing high-speed shearing treatment, and then performing ultrasonic treatment; Preferably, the solvent in the first solution comprises water and an alcoholic solvent, more preferably comprises water and a C1-C6 alcoholic solvent, further preferably comprises water and ethanol; preferably, the first solution is prepared by mixing a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with an aqueous acrylic resin and an alcohol solvent to obtain the first solution, wherein the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is preferably 1-5wt%, and the volume ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, the alcohol solvent and the aqueous acrylic resin is preferably (3-4): 1-2): 1; preferably, the solvent in the second solution comprises a sulfoxide solvent, more preferably comprises dimethyl sulfoxide; Preferably, the second solution is prepared by dispersing the phthalocyanine compound shown in the formula I in a sulfoxide solvent and then mixing the mixture with silane to obtain the second solution, wherein the ratio of the mass of the phthalocyanine compound to the volume of the sulfoxide solvent in the second solution is (1-2) mg/1 mL, and the ratio of the mass of the phthalocyanine compound to the volume of the silane in the second solution is (0.2-0.8) mg/1 mL; Preferably, the volume ratio of the first solution to the second solution is (1-2): 1; preferably, the rotating speed of the high-speed shearing treatment is 4000-6000 rpm, and the time of the high-speed shearing treatment is 3-15 minutes; Preferably, the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 300-600W, and preferably, the time of the ultrasonic treatment is 0.5-2 hours.
  7. 7. A hydrophobic, water-barrier coating obtained by applying the coating according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the coating prepared by the method according to claim 6 to a substrate surface.
  8. 8. A multilayer hydrophobic water barrier comprising a support layer at the bottom and a hydrophobic water barrier at the top, wherein the hydrophobic water barrier comprises the hydrophobic water barrier coating of claim 7, or the hydrophobic water barrier coating is coated with the coating of any one of claims 1-5 or the coating prepared by the method of claim 6; preferably, the thickness of the hydrophobic, water-barrier coating is from 0.05 to 0.5mm, more preferably from 0.08 to 0.2mm; preferably, the multi-layer hydrophobic waterproof interlayer further comprises a water absorbing and storing layer and a waterproof reflux plate layer which are arranged between the supporting layer and the hydrophobic waterproof layer; Preferably, the water absorbing and storing layer is arranged between the water-repellent water-proof layer and the water-proof reflux plate layer; Preferably, the supporting layer has a hollowed-out structure; Preferably, the water-proof reflux plate layer is arranged between the water-absorbing water storage layer and the supporting layer, or the water-proof reflux plate layer is embedded in the hollowed-out part of the supporting layer.
  9. 9. The interlayer according to claim 8, wherein the material of the supporting layer is nitrile rubber, and/or the supporting layer is hollow structure, and/or The hydrophobic, water-resistant layer further comprises a nitrile rubber layer, wherein the nitrile rubber layer is coated with the hydrophobic, water-resistant coating of claim 7 or the hydrophobic, water-resistant coating of any one of claims 1-5 or the hydrophobic, water-resistant coating prepared by the method of claim 6, and/or The water-proof reflux plate layer is made of polyvinyl chloride, preferably, a plurality of concave-convex structures are arranged on the water-proof reflux plate and used for promoting the confluence and the guide of condensed water, preferably, the concave-convex structures are distributed on the water-proof reflux plate in an array manner, and/or The water absorbing and storing layer is made of a composite material of nitrile rubber and aluminum foil.
  10. 10. Use of a phthalocyanine compound of formula I or a hydrophobic water-barrier coating as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5 or a hydrophobic water-barrier coating prepared by a method as defined in claim 6 or a hydrophobic water-barrier coating as defined in claim 7 or a multilayer hydrophobic water-barrier interlayer as defined in claim 8 or 9 in anti-condensation of outdoor electrical equipment; the compound of the formula I, In formula I, the definition of each symbol is as defined in claim 1 or 2; preferably, the outdoor power equipment comprises a high-voltage electric box, a switch cabinet and a ring main unit.

Description

Hydrophobic waterproof coating, coating and multilayer hydrophobic waterproof interlayer containing same Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of functional materials and electrical equipment protection, in particular to a hydrophobic waterproof coating, a hydrophobic waterproof coating and a multilayer hydrophobic waterproof interlayer containing the coating. Background With the continuous expansion of the power grid scale and the continuous improvement of the intelligent level, the ultra-high voltage electric box widely distributed outdoors becomes a key infrastructure node for guaranteeing the reliable supply of the electric power system. However, during the long-term operation of these electric boxes in a complex natural environment, condensation phenomena caused by "breathing effect" frequently occur on the inner wall and the surfaces of the electric elements due to the comprehensive influence of day-and-night temperature difference, seasonal variation and continuous heating inside the box body. The condensation water drops can obviously reduce the insulation strength of equipment, cause line short circuit, ground fault and even regional power failure accidents, and are great hidden troubles for the safe operation of a power system. Currently, there are significant limitations to the protection schemes that are common in the marketplace. For example, aerogel materials, while having extremely low thermal conductivity and good hydrophobicity, can effectively prevent vapor permeation while blocking heat transfer, are inherently brittle, expensive to manufacture, and complex in the process of bonding and packaging with the box structure, limiting their large-scale application. Another solution is to use a composite of a water-absorbing swelling material and a water-insulating material, such as a sodium polyacrylate swelling tape, which absorbs water rapidly and swells when a small amount of water vapor passes through the outer layer and enters the interlayer, and seals up the small gaps that may exist. However, such materials tend to have irreversible swelling after moisture absorption and poor long-term cycling stability, and cannot achieve dynamic balance of "moisture absorption-moisture release", and the protective efficacy drops dramatically after multiple dry and wet cycles. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art to develop a new protection scheme that can combine high-efficiency moisture absorption-storage capability, plastic physical form to adapt to irregular box space, and a layer of strong super-hydrophobic "shell" to prevent liquid water from entering into core equipment area, actively manage water vapor in box, rather than passively blocking, has plasticity and deformation adaptability, has strong structural stability and moisture absorption-storage function, and has good processing adaptability to meet various different requirements in box. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the hydrophobic waterproof paint containing the phthalocyanine compound, which is used for the condensation prevention process of the electric box body and has high-efficiency hydrophobicity and dynamic water vapor management capability. In addition, the invention also provides a hydrophobic waterproof coating prepared by the coating and a multilayer hydrophobic waterproof interlayer with multiple functional gradients of water absorption, water storage, backflow and water repellency, and the intelligent regulation and control of the microenvironment inside the electric box can be realized. In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hydrophobic, water-barrier coating comprising a film-forming substrate and a hydrophobic component comprising a phthalocyanine compound of formula I: the compound of the formula I, In the formula I, R 1 to R 4 are the same or different and are each independently selected from halogen, C6-C20 aryl and C6-C20 aryloxy, wherein the C6-C20 aryl and the C6-C20 aryloxy are optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from halogen, amino, C1-C6 alkyl and C1-C6 alkoxy, and M is transition metal. The paint disclosed by the invention adopts the functional phthalocyanine molecule shown in the formula I, hydrogen atoms of the periphery of the phthalocyanine molecule are completely replaced by hydrophobic groups such as halogen, aryl, aryloxy and the like, so that extremely low surface energy is provided for the molecule, and the functional phthalocyanine molecule is a functional basis of the functional phthalocyanine molecule serving as an efficient hydrophobic filler. According to some embodiments of the invention, M is Cu, ni, zn or Co in formula I. According to some embodiments of the invention, in formula I, R 1 to R 4 are the same or different and are each independently selected from halogen, C6-C12 a