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CN-121975491-A - Composite gel dust suppression body for limestone mine blasting and preparation method and application thereof

CN121975491ACN 121975491 ACN121975491 ACN 121975491ACN-121975491-A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of dust suppression, and discloses a composite gel dust suppression body for limestone mine blasting and a preparation method and application thereof. Firstly, 85-88 parts by weight of deionized water, 1.5-2 parts by weight of phenylboronic acid-acrylic acid grafted sodium alginate copolymer and 2-3 parts by weight of water-retaining agent are mixed, the pH value is adjusted to obtain gel base solution, then 0.8-1.2 parts by weight of coagulant is added into the gel base solution to form gel prepolymer solution, finally the gel prepolymer solution is poured into a degradable outer film, and is immersed into a cross-linking agent aqueous solution for cross-linking and solidification, and after cross-linking is completed, the composite gel dust suppression body for limestone mine blasting is obtained after taking out and drying. The composite gel dust suppression body provided by the invention has good dust suppression performance, can effectively suppress respiratory dust through physical atomization and chemical agglomeration, is environment-friendly, and can be completely biodegraded in weeks to months under the action of moisture and microorganisms.

Inventors

  • ZHENG RONGHUA
  • YANG QIXUE
  • ZHANG WEI
  • ZHOU CHUNLING

Assignees

  • 安徽雷鸣科化有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20260309

Claims (10)

  1. 1. The composite gel dust suppressant for limestone mine blasting is characterized by being formed by combining a degradable outer film coated gel inner core, wherein the gel inner core comprises, by weight, 1.5-2 parts of phenylboronic acid-acrylic acid grafted sodium alginate copolymer, 0.8-1.2 parts of a coagulant, 2-3 parts of a water-retaining agent and 85-88 parts of deionized water; wherein, the phenylboronic acid-acrylic acid grafted sodium alginate copolymer is prepared by the following steps: (1) Dissolving sodium alginate in a buffer solution, placing in an ice-water bath, sequentially adding a catalyst I and a catalyst II, and reacting to obtain an activated sodium alginate solution; (2) Adding 3-aminophenylboric acid and acrylic acid into the activated sodium alginate solution, and reacting under the protection of inert gas; (3) Pouring the reaction solution obtained in the step (2) into absolute ethyl alcohol, and filtering and collecting precipitate; (4) Washing the precipitate, and drying to obtain the phenylboronic acid-acrylic acid grafted sodium alginate copolymer.
  2. 2. The composite gel dust suppressant for limestone mine blasting according to claim 1, wherein the buffer solution is 0.08-0.12M phosphate buffer solution, and the dosage ratio of sodium alginate to buffer solution is 1.5-2.5g:47.5-48.5mL.
  3. 3. The composite gel dust suppressant for limestone mine blasting according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst I is 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride, the catalyst II is at least one selected from N-hydroxysuccinimide and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide, the mass ratio of the catalyst I to the catalyst II is 4-6:1-3, and the mass amount of the catalyst I is 5-7% of the mass of the sodium alginate.
  4. 4. The composite gel dust suppressant for limestone mine blasting according to claim 1, wherein the mass usage amount of the 3-aminophenylboronic acid is 8-9.5% of the mass of the sodium alginate, and the mass ratio of the 3-aminophenylboronic acid to the acrylic acid is 3-5:2-4.
  5. 5. The composite gel dust suppressant for limestone mine blasting according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the reaction time is 25-35min, in the step (2), the reaction temperature is 20-30 ℃ and the reaction time is 10-14h, in the step (4), the mixture of ethanol and water with the volume ratio of 7.5-8.5:1.5-2.5 is used for washing 3-4 times, and the mixture is dried under vacuum condition, -55-45 ℃ for 46-50h.
  6. 6. A method for preparing a composite gel dust suppressant for limestone mine blasting as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of: s1, mixing deionized water, phenylboronic acid-acrylic acid grafted sodium alginate copolymer and a water-retaining agent, and adjusting a pH value to obtain a gel base solution; S2, adding a coagulant into the gel base solution to form gel prepolymer solution; And S3, pouring the gel prepolymerization liquid into a degradable outer film, immersing the degradable outer film into a cross-linking agent aqueous solution for cross-linking and curing, and taking out and drying after the cross-linking is finished to obtain the composite gel dust suppression body for limestone mine blasting.
  7. 7. The preparation method of the composite gel dust suppressant for limestone mine blasting according to claim 6, wherein the water retaining agent is at least one selected from glycerol, ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol-400, the coagulant is one selected from calcium chloride or HPAM, the cross-linking agent aqueous solution is calcium chloride aqueous solution with the volume fraction of 5-10%, and the degradable outer film is a polyvinyl alcohol film or a modified starch film.
  8. 8. The method for preparing the composite gel dust suppressant for limestone mine blasting according to claim 6, wherein in the step S1, the pH value is adjusted to 8, and in the step S3, the soaking time is 10-30min, and the drying is carried out at 40-50 ℃ for 15-30min.
  9. 9. Use of a composite gel dust suppressant for limestone mine blasting according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in the field of rock mine blasting.
  10. 10. The use of a composite gel dust suppressant for limestone mine blasting according to claim 9 in the field of rock mine blasting, wherein the composite gel dust suppressant for limestone mine blasting is filled into blast holes together with a explosive cartridge.

Description

Composite gel dust suppression body for limestone mine blasting and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of dust suppression, and particularly relates to a composite gel dust suppression body for limestone mine blasting and a preparation method and application thereof. Background In mining of limestone ore and the like, blasting is a core link of breaking rock mass, but dust generated along with the blasting, especially respirable dust with tiny particle size, seriously threatens the health of operators and the surrounding environment. In order to inhibit blasting dust, the prior art generally adopts a traditional blasting water bag. The product is essentially a water bag encapsulated in a plastic film, the dust suppression mechanism is single, and the physical water curtain formed by water atomization is used for wetting, wrapping and settling dust after the water bag is broken completely by virtue of blasting shock waves. However, the single physical dust suppression mechanism has inherent defects that firstly, for respiratory dust with the particle size smaller than 10 microns and long suspension time, simple water mist is difficult to realize effective wetting and capturing due to high surface tension and fast evaporation, so that the suppression effect on fine particles with the greatest harm is extremely limited, and secondly, the plastic outer film of the water bag cannot be degraded after blasting to form a large amount of white pollutants which remain in a mining area to cause persistent damage to the environment, which is a substantial way of replacing one pollution with another pollution, and is contrary to the increasingly strict environmental requirements. To further improve the dust suppression effect, some prior art attempts have been made to have more complex structural designs, for example, by arranging "explosive-dust bags" at intervals, i.e. by alternately arranging explosive cartridges and dust bags in the blastholes. This approach aims to improve dust fall coverage by increasing the distribution of dust suppression points. But the main disadvantage is that the complexity and operation steps of charging in the blast holes are obviously increased, the charging efficiency is reduced, the integral rhythm of mining operation is influenced, and the popularization difficulty in actual production is high. The prior art reflects a core contradiction that dust suppression efficiency and operation convenience are difficult to be compatible with environment friendliness. Either simple to operate but poor in effect and left with contamination as in conventional water bags or complex in structure as in spaced charges to affect efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new composite gel dust suppressant for limestone mine blasting and a preparation method and application thereof. Disclosure of Invention Based on the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a composite gel dust suppression body for limestone mine blasting, and a preparation method and application thereof. The first aspect of the invention provides a composite gel dust suppression body for limestone mine blasting, which is formed by combining a degradable outer film coated gel inner core, wherein the gel inner core comprises, by weight, 1.5-2 parts of phenylboronic acid-acrylic acid grafted sodium alginate copolymer, 0.8-1.2 parts of coagulant, 2-3 parts of water retention agent and 85-88 parts of deionized water; Wherein, the phenylboronic acid-acrylic acid grafted sodium alginate copolymer is prepared by the following steps: (1) Dissolving sodium alginate in a buffer solution, placing in an ice-water bath, sequentially adding a catalyst I and a catalyst II, and reacting to obtain an activated sodium alginate solution; (2) Adding 3-aminophenylboric acid and acrylic acid into an activated sodium alginate solution, and reacting under the protection of inert gas; (3) Pouring the reaction solution obtained in the step (2) into absolute ethyl alcohol, and filtering and collecting precipitate; (4) Washing the precipitate, and drying to obtain the phenylboronic acid-acrylic acid grafted sodium alginate copolymer. In the invention, 3-aminophenylboronic acid (APBA) and Acrylic Acid (AA) are simultaneously grafted on the molecular skeleton of sodium Alginate (ALG) through amidation reaction, and three functional units are innovatively integrated on a single high molecular chain. The sodium alginate skeleton can form a firm ion cross-linking network when meeting calcium ions to form a gel matrix, the phenylboronic acid group can form a reversible covalent bond with a diol structure on the skeleton under an alkaline environment to endow gel rheological property, so that a dust suppression body is fully atomized under blasting impact and then rapidly adhered to the surface, and an acrylic acid chain segment is ionized through carboxyl groups, so that the alk